Atthakatha Book 28 : PALI ROMAN
Sutta.A.1 (paramattha.1)

                         8. Mettasuttavannana
      karaniyamatthakusalenati mettasuttam. Ka uppatti? himavantapassato kira
devatahi ubbalha bhikkhu bhagavato santikam savatthim agacchimsu, tesam bhagava
parittatthaya kammatthanatthaya ca imam suttamabhasi. Ayam tava sankhePo.
      Ayam pana vittharo:- ekam samayam bhagava savatthiyam viharati upakatthaya
vassupanayikaya, tena kho pana samayena sambahula nanaverajjaka bhikkhu
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. vutthapentena      2 cha.Ma. andhakare va
Bhagavato santike kammatthanam gahetva tattha tattha vassam upagantukama bhagavantam
upasankamanti. Tatra sudam bhagava ragacaritanam savinnanakavinnanakavasena ekadasavidham
asubhakammatthanam, dosacaritanam catubbidham mettadikammatthanam, mohacaritanam
marananussatikammatthanadini, vitakkacaritanam anapanassatipathavikasinadini,
saddhacaritanam buddhanussatikammatthanadini, buddhicaritanam catudhatuvavatthanadiniti
imina nayena caturasitisahassappabhedacaritanukulani kammatthanani katheti.
      Atha kho pancamattani bhikkhusatani bhagavato santike kammatthanam uggahetva
sappayasenasananca gocaragamanca pariyesamanani anupubbena gantva paccante
himavantena saddhim ekabaddham nilakacamanisannibhasilatalam sitalaghanacchaya 1-
nilavanasandamanditam mutta 2- dalarajatapattasadisavalukakinnabhumibhagam sucisatasitalajalasaya-
parivaritam pabbatamaddasamsu. Atha kho te bhikkhu tatthevekarattim 3- vasitva pabhataya
rattiya sariraparikammam katva tassavidure annataram gamam pindaya pavisimsu. Gamo
ghananivesana 4- sannivitthakulasahassayutto. Manussa cettha saddha pasanna, te
paccante pabbajitadassanassa dullabhataya bhikkhu disvaeva pitisomanassajata
hutva te bhikkhu bhojetva "idheva bhante temasam vasatha"ti vatva 5- yacitva
panca padhanakutisatani karapetva tattha mancapithapaniyaparibhojaniyaghatadini
sabbupakaranani patiyadesum.
      Bhikkhu dutiyadivase annam gamam pindaya pavisimsu, tatthapi manussa tatheva
upatthahitva vassavasam yacimsu. Bhikkhu "antaraye asati"ti 6- adhivasetva tam
@Footnote: 1 Ma....chaYu...          2 cha.Ma. muttatala..., Si. muttajala...
@3 cha.Ma. tatthekarattim        4 cha.Ma. ghananivesa...
@5 cha.Ma. ayam patho na dissati  6 cha.Ma. asati antarayeti
Vanasandam pavisitva sabbarattindivam araddhaviriya hutva yamagandikam kottetva
yonisomanasikarabahula viharanta rukkhamulani upagantva nisidanti. 1- Silavantanam
bhikkhunam tejena vihatateja rukkhadevata attano attano vimana oruyha
darake gahetva ito cito ca vicaranti. Seyyathapi nama rajuhi va
rajamahamattehi va gamakavasam gatehi gamavasinam ghare 2- okase gahite
gharamanusaka ghara nikkhamitva annatra vasanta "kada nu gamissanti"ti durato
olokenti, evameva devata attano attano vimanani chaddetva ito
cito ca vicarantiyo duratova olokenti "kada nu kho bhaddanta gamissanti"ti
tato evam samacintesum "pathamavassupagata bhikkhu avassam temasam vasissanti, mayam
pana tava ciram darake gahetva okkamma vasitum na sikkhissama, handa mayam
bhikkhunam bhayanakam arammanam dassema"ti. Ta ca 3- rattim bhikkhunam samanadhammakaranavelaya
bhimsanakani yakkharupani nimminitva purato purato titthanti, bheravasaddanca
karonti. Bhikkhunam tani rupani passantanam tanca saddam sunantanam hadayam
phandi. Dubbanna ca ahesum uppanduppandukajata, tena te bhikkhu cittam
ekaggam nasakkhimsu katum. Tesam tesam 4- anekaggacittanam tesam 4- bhayena ca
punappunam samvigganam sati pammussati, 5- tato nesam mutthassatinam duggandhani
arammanani payojesum. Tesam tena duggandhena nimmathiyamanamiva matthalungam
ahosi, balhasisavedana uppajjimsu, na ca tam pavattim annamannassa
arocesum.
      Athekadivasam samghattherassa upatthanakale sabbesu sannipatitesu samghatthero
pucchi "tumhakam avuso imam vanasandam pavisantanam 6- katipaham ativiya parisuddho
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. nisidimsu                2 cha.Ma. gharesu
@3 cha.Ma. ca-saddo na dissati       4 cha.Ma. ayam patho na dissati
@5 cha.Ma. sammussi               6 cha.Ma. pavitthanam
Chavivanno ahosi pariyodato, vippasannani ca indriyani, etarahi panettha 1-
kisa dubbanna uppanduppandukajata, kim vo idha asappayan"ti tato eko
bhikkhu aha "aham bhante rattim idisanca idisanca bheravarammanam passami ca
sunami ca, idisanca gandham ghayami, tena me cittam na samadhiyati"ti. Eteneva
upayena sabbe tam pavattim arocesum. Samghatthero aha "bhagavata avuso dve
vassupanayika pannatta, amhakanca imam senasanam asappayam, ayamavuso bhagavato
santikam, gantva annam sappayam senasanam pucchama"ti. "sadhu bhante"ti te
bhikkhu therassa patissunitva sabbeva 2- senasanam samsametva pattacivaramadaya
anupalitatta 3- kulesu kanci anamantetva eva yena savatthi tena carikam
pakkamimsu. Te 4- anupubbena savatthim gantva bhagavato santikam agamamsu.
      Bhagava te bhikkhu disva etadavoca "na bhikkhave antovassam carika
caritabbati 5- maya sikkhapadam pannattam, kissa tumhe carikam caratha"ti. Te
bhagavato sabbam arocesum. Bhagava avajjento sakalajambudipe antamaso
catuppadapithakatthanamattampi tesam sappayasenasanam naddasa. Atha te bhikkhu aha
"na bhikkhave tumhakam annam sappayasenasanam atthi, tattheva tumhe viharanta
asavakkhayam papuneyyatha, gacchatha bhikkhave tameva senasanam upanissaya viharatha,
sace pana devatahi abhayam icchatha, imam parittam ugganhatha, etanhi vo parittanca
kammatthananca bhavissati"ti imam suttam abhasi.
      Apare panahu:- "gacchatha bhikkhave tameva senasanam upanissaya viharatha"ti
idanca vatva bhagava aha "apica kho arannakena pariharanam natabbam.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. panattha           2 cha.Ma. sabbe    3 cha.Ma. anupalittatta
@4 cha.Ma. ayam patho na dissati                5 vi.maha. 4/185/204
Seyyathidam? sayampatam karanavasena dve metta dve paritta dve asubha dve
maranassati atthamahasamvegavatthusamavajjananca. Attha mahasamvegavatthuni nama
jatijarabyadhimaranani 1- cattari apayadukkhaniti, atha va jatijarabyadhimaranani
cattari, apayadukkham pancamam, atite vattamulakam dukkham, anagate vattamulakam dukkham
paccuppanne aharapariyetthimulakam dukkhan"ti. Evam bhagava pariharanam acikkhitva
tesam bhikkhunam mettatthanca parittatthanca vipassanapadakajjhanatthanca imam
suttamabhasiti.
      [143] Tattha karaniyamatthakusalenati imissa pathamagathaya tava ayam
padavannana:- karaniyanti katabbam, karanarahanti attho. Atthoti patipada, yam va kinci
attano hitam, tam sabbam araniyato atthoti vuccati, araniyato nama upagantabbato.
Atthe kusalena atthakusalena, atthe chekenati 2- vuttam hoti. Yanti aniyamitapaccattam.
Tanti niyamitaupayogam. Ubhayampi va yantanti paccattavacanam. Santam padanti
upayogavacanam. Tattha lakkhanato santam, pattabbato padam, nibbanassetam adhivacanam.
Abhisameccati abhisamagantva. Sakkotiti sakko, samattho patibaloti vuttam hoti.
Ujuti ajjavayutto. Sutthu ujuti suhuju. Sukham vaco asminti suvaco. Assati
bhaveyya. Muduti maddavayutto. Na atimaniti anatimani.
      Ayam panettha atthavannana:- karaniyamatthakusalena yantam santam 3- padam abhisameccati
ettha tava atthi karaniyam, atthi akaraniyam. Tattha sankhepato sikkhattayam 4-
karaniyam silavipatti ditthivipatti acaravipatti ajivavipatti evamadi akaraniyam.
Tatha atthi atthakusalo, atthi anatthakusalo.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. jatijarabyadhimaranam          2 cha.Ma. atthachekenati
@3 cha.Ma. yanta santam. evamuparipi       4 cha.Ma. sikkhattayam
      Tattha yo imasmim sasane pabbajitva na attanam samma payojeti,
khandasilo hoti, ekavisatividham anesanam nissaya jivikam kappeti. Seyyathidam?
veludanam pattadanam pupphadanam phaladanam dantakatthadanam mukhodakadanam sinanadanam
cunnadanam mattikadanam 1- patukamyatam muggasuppatam paribhatyatam 1- janghapesaniyam
vejjakammam dutakammam pahinagamanam pindapatipindadananuppadanam 2- vatthuvijjam 3-
nakkhattavijjam angavijjanti. Chabbidhe ca agocare carati. Seyyathidam? vesiyagocare
vidhavathullakumarikapandakabhikkhunipanagaragocareti. Samsattho ca viharati rajuhi
rajamahamattehi titthiyehi titthiyasavakehi ananulomikena gihisamsaggena. Yani va pana
tani kulani assaddhani appasannani anopanabhutani akkosakaparibhasakani
anatthakamani ahitaaphasukaayogakkhemakamani bhikkhunam .pe. Upasikanam,
tatharupani kulani sevati bhajati payirupasati. Ayam anatthakusalo.
      Yo va pana 4- imasmim sasane pabbajitva attanam samma payojeti,
anesanam pahaya catuparisuddhisile patitthatukamo saddhasisena patimokkhasamvaram
satisisena indriyasamvaram viriyasisena ajivaparisuddhim, pannasisena paccayapatisevanam
pureti. Ayam atthakusalo.
      Yo va sattapattikkhandhasodhanavasena patimokkhasamvaram, chadvare
ghattitarammanesu abhijjhadinam anuppattivasena indriyasamvaram, anesanaparivajjanavasena
vinnupasatthabuddhabuddhasavakavannitapaccayasevanena ajivaparisuddhim,
yathavuttapaccavekkhanavasena paccayapatisevanam, catuiriyapathaparivattane satthakadinam
paccavekkhanavasena 5- sampajannanca sodheti, ayampi atthakusalo.
@Footnote: 1-1 cha.Ma.,i. catukamyatam muggasupyatam paribhatutam
@2 Ma. pindadanam                   3 Ma. vatthuvijjam khettavajjam
@4 khuddaka.A. 213                 5 cha.Ma. yo pana
      Yo va yatha usodakam paticca sankilitthavattham pariyodayati, charikam
paticca adaso, ukkamukham paticca jatarupam, tatha nanam paticca silam vodayatiti
natva nanodakena dhovanto silam pariyodapeti. Yatha ca kikisakunika andam,
camarimigi 1- valadhim, ekaputtika nari piyam ekaputtakam, ekanayano puriso tam
ekanayananca 2- rakkhati, tatha ativiya appamatto attano silakkhandham rakkhati,
sayampatam paccavekkhamano anumattampi vajjam na passati, ayampi atthakusalo.
      Yo va pana avippatisarakaranasile patitthaya kilesavikkhambhanapatipadam
pagganhati, tam paggahetva kasinaparikammam karoti, kasinaparikammam katva
samapattiyo nibbatteti, ayampi atthakusalo. Yo va pana samapattito vutthaya
sankhare sammasitva arahattam papunati, ayam atthakusalanam aggo.
      Tattha yepime 3- yava avippatisarakaranasile patitthanena, yava va
kilesavikkhambhanapatipadaya pagganhanena 4- maggaphalena vannita atthakusala, te
imasmim atthe atthakusalati adhippeta. Tathavidha ca te bhikkhu. Tena bhagava te
bhikkhu sandhaya ekapuggaladhitthanaya desanaya "karaniyamatthakusalena"ti aha.
      Tato "kim karaniyan"ti tesam sanjatakankhanam aha "yantam santam padam
abhisamecca"ti. Ayam 5- adhippayo:- tam buddhanubuddhehi vannitam santam
nibbanapadam pativedhavasena abhisamecca viharitukamena yam karaniyanti. Ettha ca
yanti imassa gathapadassa adito vuttameva karaniyanti adhikarato anuvattati, tam
santam padam abhisameccati. Ayam pana yasma savasesapatho attho, tasma
"viharitukamena"ti vuttanti veditabbam.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. camarimigo                      2 cha.Ma. casaddo na dissati
@3 cha.Ma. ye ime     4 cha.Ma....paggahanena     5 cha.Ma. ayamettha
      Atha va santam padam abhisameccati anussavadivasena lokiyapannaya
nibbanapadam santanti natva tam adhigantukamena yantam karaniyanti adhikarato
anuvattati, tam karaniyamatthakusalenati, evamettha 1- adhippayo veditabbo. Atha
va "karaniyamatthakusalena"ti vutte "kin"ti cintentanam aha "yantam santam
padam abhisamecca"ti. Tasseva 2- adhippayo veditabbo:- lokiyapannaya santam
padam abhisamecca yam karaniyam, tanti. Yam katabbam, tam karaniyam, karanarahameva tanti
vuttam hoti.
      Kim pana tanti? kimannam siya annatra tadadhigamupayato. Kamancetam
Karanarahatthena 3- sikkhattayadipakena adipadeneva vuttam, tatha hi tassa
atthavannanayam avocumha "atthi karaniyam atthi akaraniyam. Tattha sankhepato
sikkhattayam karaniyan"ti. Atisankhepadesitatta pana tesam bhikkhunam kehici vinnatam,
kehici na vinnatam, tato yehi na vinnatam, tesam vinnapanattham yam visesato
arannakena bhikkhuna katabbam, tam vittharento "sakko uju ca suhuju ca,
suvaco cassa mudu anatimani"ti imam tava upaddhagatham aha.
      Kim vuttam hoti? santam padam abhisamecca viharitukamo lokiyapannaya va
Tam abhisamecca tadadhigamaya patipajjamano arannako bhikkhu dutiyacatutthapadhaniyanga-
samannagamena kaye ca jivite ca anapekkho hutva saccapativedhaya patipajjitum
sakko assa, tatha kasinaparikammavattasamadanadisu, attano pattacivara-
patisankharanadisu ca, yani tani sabrahmacarinam uccavacani kimkaraniyani, tesu
annesu ca evarupesu sakko assa dakkho analaso samattho. Sakko hontopi ca
tatiyapadhaniyangasamannagamena uju assa. Uju hontopi ca sakim ujubhavena
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. evampettha             2 cha.Ma. tassevam
@3 Si. karanarahattena cha.Ma. karanarahatthena
Santosam anapajjitva yavajivam punappunam asithilakaranena sutthutaram uju assa.
Asathataya va uju, amayavitaya suhuju. Kayavacivankappahanena va uju,
manovankappahanena suhuju. Asantagunassa va anavikaranena uju, asantagunena
uppannalabhassa anadhivasanena suhuju. Evam arammanupanijjhanalakkhanupanijjhanehi 1-
purimadvayatatiyasikkhahi payogasayasuddhihi ca uju ca suhuju ca assa.
      Na kevalanca uju ca suhuju ca, apica pana suvaco ca assa. Yo hi
puggalo "idam na katabban"ti vutto "kinte dittham, kinte sutam, ko me
hutva vadasi, kim upajjhayo acariyo sandittho sambhatto va"ti vadati,
tunhibhavena va tam vihetheti, sampaticchitva va na tatha karoti, so visesadhigamassa
dure hoti. Yo pana ovadiyamano "sadhu bhante sutthutaram 2- vuttam, attano
vajjam nama sududdasam 3- hoti, punapi mam evarupam disva vadeyyatha anukampam
upadaya, cirassam me tumhakam santika ovado laddho"ti vadati, yathanusitthanca
patipajjati, so visesadhigamassa avidure hoti. Tasma evam parassa vacanam
sampaticchitva karonto suvaco ca assa.
      Yatha ca subbaco, evam mudu assa. Muduti gahatthehi dutagamanapahinagamanadisu
niyunjiyamano tattha mudubhavam akatva thaddho hutva vattappatipattiyam
sakalabrahmacariye ca mudu assa suparikammakatasuvannam viya tattha tattha viniyogakkhamo. Atha
va muduti abhakutiko uttanamukho sukhasambhaso patisantharavutti sutittham viya
sukhavaggaho assa. Na kevalanca mudu, apica anatimani assa, jatigottadihi
atimanavatthuhi pare navamanneyya, 4- sariputtatthero viya candalakumarakasamena
cetasa vihareyyati.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. arammanalakkhanupanijjhanehi           2 cha.Ma. sutthu
@3 cha.Ma. duddasam                        4 cha.Ma. natimanneyya
     [144] Evam bhagava santam padam abhisamecca viharitukamassa tadadhigamaya
va patipajjamanassa visesato arannakassa bhikkhuno ekaccam karaniyam vatva puna
taduttarimpi 1- vattukamo "santussako ca"ti dutiyam gathamaha.
      Tattha "santutthi ca katannuta"ti ettha vuttappabhedena dvadasavidhena santosena
santussatiti santussako. Atha va tussatiti tussako, sakena tussako, santena
tussako, samena tussakoti santussako. Tattha sakam nama "pindiyalopabhojanam
nissaya"ti 2- evam upasampadamandale 3- uddittham attanava 4- sampaticchitam
catuppaccayajatam, tena sundarena va asundarena va sakkaccam va asakkaccam va dinnena
patiggahanakale paribhogakale ca vikaram adassetva 5- yapento "sakena tussako"ti
vuccati. Santam nama yam laddham hoti attano vijjamanam, tena santeneva tussanto
tato param apatthento 6- atricchatam pajahanto "santena tussako"ti vuccati.
Samam nama itthanitthesu anunayapatighappahanam, tena samena sabbarammanesu
tussanto "samena tussako"ti vuccati.
      Sukhena bhariyatiti subharo, suposoti vuttam hoti. Yo hi bhikkhu
salimamsodanadinam pattena 7- puretva dinnepi dummukhabhavam anattamanabhavameva ca
dasseti, tesam va sammukhava tam pindapatam "kim tumhehi dinnan"ti apasadento
samaneragahatthadinam deti, esa dubbharo. Etam disva manussa duratova
parivajjenti "dubbharo bhikkhu na sakka positun"ti. Yo pana yam kinci lukham va
panitam va appam va bahum va labhitva attamano attamano vippasannamukho
hutva yapeti, 8- esa subharo. Etam disva manussa ativiya vissattha honti
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. tatuttaripi, evamuparipi   2 vi.maha. 4/73/74
@3 cha.Ma. upasampadamalake       4 cha.Ma. attana ca  5 cha.Ma. vikaramadassetva
@6 ka. apatthento, cha.Ma. na patthento   7 cha.Ma. patte    8 Si. yati
"amhakam bhadanto subharo thokathokenapi 1- tussati, mayameva tam posissama"ti 2-
patinnam katva posenti. Evarupo idha subharoti adhippeto.
      Appam kiccamassati appakicco, na kammaramatabhassaramata-
sanganikaramatadianekakiccabyavato. Atha va sakalavihare navakammasamghagana 3-
samaneraaramikavosasanadikiccavirahito, attano kesanakhacchedanapattacivara-
parikammadim katva samanadhammakiccaparo hotiti vuttam hoti.
      Sallahuka vutti assati sallahukavutti, yatha ekacco bahubhandikabhikkhu 4-
disapakkamanakale bahupattacivarapaccattharanatelaguladim mahajanena sisabharakatibharadihi
uccarapetva 5- pakkamati, evam ahutva yo appaparikkharo hoti, pattacivaradi-
atthasamanaparikkharamattameva pariharati, disapakkamanakale pakkhi sakuno viya
samadayeva pakkamati, evarupo idha sallahukavuttiti adhippeto. Santani
indriyani assati santindriyo, ittharammanadisu ragadivasena anuddhatin-
driyoti vuttam hoti. Nipakoti vinnu vibhavi pannava, silanurakkhanapannaya
civaradivicaranapannaya avasadisattasappayaparijananapannaya ca samannagatoti
adhippayo.
      Na pagabbhoti appagabbho, atthatthanena kayapagabbhiyena catutthanena
vacipagabbhiyena anekatthanena manopagabbhiyena ca virahitoti attho.
      Atthatthanam kayapagabbhiyam 6- nama samghaganapuggalabhojanasalajantaghara-
nhanatitthabhikkhacaramaggaantaragharappavesanesu kayena appatirupakaranam. Seyyathidam?
idhekacco samghamajjhe pallatthikaya va nisidati, pade padamodahetva 7- vati
@Footnote: 1 Ma. appakenapi                         2 cha.Ma. nam posessamati
@3 cha.Ma. navakammasamghabhoga...  4 cha. bahubhando bhikkhu   5 i. uddharapetva
@6 khuddaka.A. 217 samyutta.A. 188      7 Si. padamadahitva, cha.Ma. padamodahitva
Evamadi, tatha ganamajjhe, ganamajjheti catuparisasannipate. Tatha vuddhatare
puggale. Bhojanasalayam pana vuddhanam asanam na deti, navanam asanena 1-
patibahati, tatha jantaghare, vuddhe cettha anapuccha aggijalanadini karoti.
Nhanatitthe ca yadidam "daharo vuddhoti pamanam akatva agatapatipatiya
nhayitabban"ti vuttam, tampi anadiyanto paccha agantva udakam otaritva
vuddhe ca nave ca badheti. Bhikkhacaramagge pana aggasanaaggodakaaggapindattham
vuddhanam purato purato yati bahaya baham paharanto, antaragharappavesane
vuddhanam pathamataram pavisati, daharehi kayakilanam karotiti evamadi.
      Catutthanam vacipagabbhiyam nama samghaganapuggalaantaragharesu appatirupavacaniccharanam.
Seyyathidam? idhekacco samghamajjhe anapuccha dhammam bhasati, tatha
Pubbe vuttappakare gane vuddhatarapuggale ca. Tattha manussehi panham puttho
vuddhataram anapuccha vissajjeti. Antaraghare pana "itthanname kim atthi, kim
yagu udahu khadaniyam, kim me dassasi, kim ajja khadissami, kim bhunjissami,
kim pivissami"ti evamadikam 2- bhasati.
      Anekatthanam manopagabbhiyam nama tesu tesu thanesu kayavacahi
ajjhacaram anapajjitva 3- manasa eva kamavitakkadinanappakaram appatirupavitakkanam.
      Kulesu ananugiddhoti 4- yani kulani upasankamati, tesu paccayatanhaya va
ananulomiyagihisamsaggavasena va ananugiddho, na sahasoki, na sahanandi, na
sukhitesu sukhito, na dukkhitesu dukkhito, na uppannesu kiccakaraniyesu attana
va yotamapajjitati 5- vuttam hoti. Imissa ca gathaya yam "suvaco cassa"ti
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. asanam    2 cha.Ma. evamadim    3 cha.Ma. anapajjitvapi
@4 cha.Ma. kulesvananugiddho        5 Si. attanavuyyogamapajjitati
Ettha vuttam "assa"ti vacanam, tam sabbapadehi saddhim "santussako ca assa,
subharo ca assa"ti evam yojetabbam.
      [145] Evam bhagava santam padam abhisamecca viharitukamassa tadadhigamaya
va patipajjitukamassa visesato arannakassa bhikkhuno taduttarimpi karaniyam
acikkhitva idani akaraniyampi acikkhitukamo:-
               "na ca khuddam samacare kinci
                yena vinnu pare upavadeyyun"ti
imam upaddhagathamaha. Tassattho:- evamimam karaniyam karonto yantam
kayavacimanoduccaritam khuddam lamakanti vuccati, tam na ca khuddam samacare. Asamacaranto
ca na kevalam olarikam, kim pana kinci na samacare, appamattakam anumattakampi 1-
na samacareti vuttam hoti.
      Tato tassa samacare sanditthikameva adinavam dasseti "yena vinnu pare
upavadeyyun"ti. Ettha ca yasma avinnu pare appamanam. Tepi hi anavajjam
va savajjam karonti, appasavajjam va mahasavajjam karonti, vinnu eva pana
pamanam. Te hi anuvicca pariyogahetva avannarahassa avannam bhasanti,
vannarahassa ca vannam bhasanti, tasma "vinnu pare"ti vuttam.
      Evam bhagava imahi addhadheyyagathahi santam padam abhisamecca
viharitukamassa, tadadhigamaya va patipajjitukamassa visesato arannakassa
arannakasisena ca sabbesampi kammatthanam gahetva viharitukamanam
karaniyakaraniyabhedam kammatthanupacaram vatva idani tesam bhikkhunam tassa devatabhayassa
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. anumattampi
Patighataya parittattham vipassanapadakajjhanavasena kammatthanatthanca "sukhino va
khemino hontu"tiadina nayena mettakatham kathetumaraddho.
      Tattha sukhinoti sukhasamangino. Kheminoti khemavanto, abhaya nirupaddavati
vuttam hoti. Sabbeti anavasesa. Sattati panino. Sukhitattati sukhitacitta.
Ettha ca kayikena sukhena sukhino, manasena sukhitatta, tadubhayenapi
sabbabhayupaddavavigamena va kheminoti veditabba. Kasma pana evam vuttam?
mettabhavanakaradassanattham. Evanhi metta bhavetabba "sabbe satta sukhito
hontu"ti va, "khemino hontu"ti va, "sukhitatta hontu"ti va.
      [146] Evam yava upacarato appanakoti, tava sankhepena mettabhavanam
dassetva idani vittharatopi tam dassetum "ye keci"ti gathadvayamaha. Atha
va yassa 1- puthuttarammane paricitam cittam na adikeneva ekagge 2- santhati,
arammanappabhedam pana anugantva kameneva 3- santhati, tasma tassa tasathavaradi-
dukattikappabhede arammane anugantva anugantva santhapanatthampi 4- "ye
keci"ti gathadvayamaha. Atha va yasma yassa yam arammanam vibhutam hoti, tassa
tattha cittam sukham titthati, tasma tesam bhikkhunam yassa yam vibhutam arammanam, tassa
tattha cittam santhapetukamo tasathavaradidukattikarammanappabhedadipakam "ye keci"ti
imam gathadvayamaha.
      Ettha hi tasathavaradukam ditthaditthadukam durasantikadukam bhutasambhavesidukanti
cattari dukani, dighadihi ca chahi padehi majjhimapadassa tisu, anukapadassa ca
dvisu tikesu atthasambhavato digharassamajjhimattikam mahantanukamajjhimattikam
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. yasma                 2 cha.Ma. ethatte
@3 cha.Ma. kamena                 4 cha.Ma. santhanatthampi
Thulanukamajjhimattikanti tayo tike ca dipeti. Tattha ye keciti anavasesavacanam.
Pana eva bhuta  panabhuta. Atha va panantiti pana. Etena
assasapassasapatibaddhe pancavokarasatte ganhati. Bhavantiti bhuta. Etena
ekavokaracatuvokarasatte ganhati. Atthiti santi samvijjanti.
      Evam "ye keci panabhutatthi"ti imina vacanena dukattikehi sangahetabbe
sabbe satte ekajjham dassetva idani sabbepi te tasa va thavara va
anavasesati imina dukena sangahetva dasseti.
      Tattha tasantiti tasa, satanhanam sabhayanam cetam adhivacanam. Titthantiti
thavara, pahinatanhabhayanam 1- arahatam etam adhivacanam. Natthi tesam avasesanti
anavasesa, sabbepiti vuttam hoti. Yanca dutiyagathaya ante vuttam, tam sabbam
dukattikehi sambandhitabbam:- ye keci panabhutatthi tasa va thavara va
anavasesa, imepi sabbe satta bhavantu sukhitatta. Evam yava bhuta va
sambhavesi va imepi sabbe satta bhavantu sukhitattati.
      Idani digharassamajjhimaditikattayadipakesu digha vatiadisu chasu padesu
dighati dighattabhava nagamacchagodhadayo. Anekabyamasatappamanapi hi
mahasamudde nagadinam 2- attabhava anekayojanappamanapi macchagodhadinam
attabhava honti. Mahantati mahantattabhava jale macchakacchapadayo, thale
hatthinagadayo, amanussesu danavadayo. Aha ca "rahuggam attabhavinan"ti. 3-
Tassa hi atta 4- ubbedhena cattari yojanasahassani attha ca yojanasatani,
bahu dvadasayojanasataparimana, pannasayojanam bhamukantaram, tatha ca 5-
@Footnote: 1 ka. pahinatanhagamananam             2 cha.Ma. naganam
@3 an.catukka. 21/15/19           4 cha.Ma. attabhavo
@5 cha.Ma. casaddo na dissati
Angulantarika, hatthalani dve yojanasataniti. Majjhimati assagonamahimsasukaradinam
attabhava. Rassakati tasu tasu jatisu vamanadayo dighamajjhimehi omakappamana
satta. Anukati mamsacakkhussa agocara dibbacakkhuvisaya udakadisu nibbatta
sukhumattabhava satta, ukadayo va. Apica ye tasu tasu jatisu mahantamajjhimehi
thulamajjhimehi ca omakappamana satta, te anukati veditabba. Thulati
parimandalattabhava macchakummasippikasambukadayo satta.
      [147] Evam tihi tikehi anavasesato satte dassetva idani "dittha
va ye ca 1- aditthatiadihi tihi dukehipi te sangahetva dassetum aha. 2-
      Tattha ditthati ye attano cakkhussa apathamagatavasena ditthapubba.
Aditthati ye parasamuddaparaselaparacakkavaladisu thita. "ye ca dure vasanti
avidure"ti imina pana dukena attano attabhavassa dure ca avidure ca vasante
satte dasseti. Te upadayupadavasena veditabba. Attano hi kaye vasanta
satta avidure, bahikaye vasanta dure. Tatha antoupacare vasanta avidure,
bahiupacare vasanta dure. Attano vihare game janapade dipe cakkavale
vasanta avidure vasanti, 3- paracakkavale vasanta dure vasantiti vuccanti.
      Bhutati jata abhinibbatta. Ye bhuta eva, na puna bhavissantiti sankhyam
gacchanti, tesam khinasavanametam adhivacanam. Sambhavamesantiti sambhaveSi.
Appahinabhavasamyojanatta ayatimpi sambhavam esantanam sekkhaputhujjananametam adhivacanam. Atha
va catusu yonisu andajajalabuja satta yava andakosam vatthikosanca na
bhindanti, tava sambhavesi nama. Andakosam vatthikosanca bhinditva bahi
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. yeva           2 cha.Ma. dasseti
@3 cha.Ma. ayam patho na dissati
Nikkhanta bhuta nama. Samsedaja opapatika ca pathamacittakkhane sambhavesi nama.
Dutiyacittakkhanato pabhuti bhuta nama. Yena va iriyapathena jayanti, yava tato
annam na papunanti, tava sambhavesi nama. 1- Tato param bhutati.
      [148] Evam bhagava "sukhino va"tiadihi addhadheyyagathahi nanappakarato
tesam bhikkhunam hitasukhagamanapatthanavasena 2- sattesu mettabhavanam
dassetva idani ahitadukkhanagamanapatthanavasenapi tam dassento aha "na
paro param nikubbetha"ti esa poranapatho, idani "param hi"tipi pathanti. Ayam
na sundaro. 3-
      Tattha paroti parajano. Paranti parajanam. Na nikubbethati na vambheyya. 4-
Natimannethati na atikkamitva manneyya. Katthaciti katthaci okase, game va
khette 5- va natimajjhe va puttamajjhe vatiadisu. 6- Nanti etam. Kanciti
yam kanci khattiyam va brahmanam va gahattham va pabbajitam va sugatam va duggatam
vatiadi. Byarosana patighasannati kayavacivikarehi byarosanaya ca,
manovikarena patighasannaya ca. "byarosanaya patighasannaya"ti hi vattabbe
"byarosana patighasanna"ti vuccati yatha "sammadannaya vimutta"ti vattabbe
"sammadanna vimutta"ti, 7- yatha ca "anupubbasikkhaya anupubbakiriyaya
anupubbapatipadaya"ti vattabbe "anupubbasikkha anupubbakiriya anupubbapatipada
annaradhana"ti. 8- Nannamannassa dukkhamiccheyyati annamannassa
dukkham na iccheyya. Kim vuttam hoti? na kevalam "sukhino va khemino
@Footnote: 1 ka. sambhavesi        2 cha.Ma.... gamapatthana..., ka....gamahapatthana...
@3 cha.Ma. sobhano        4 cha.Ma.,i. na vanceyya
@5 Ma. nigame va khette va     6 cha.Ma. pugamajjhe vatiadi
@7 sam.maha. 19/988/283, Ma.u. 14/147/129
@8 an.atthaka. 23/109/203, 110/210 (sya) khu.u. 25/45/168, vi.cula. 7/385/208
Hontu"tiadimanasikaravaseneva mettam bhaveyya, kim pana "aho vata yo
koci parapuggalo yam kanci parapuggalam vancanadihi nikatihi na nikubbetha,
jatiadihi ca navahi manavatthuhi katthaci padese yam kanci parapuggalam natimanneyya,
annamannassa ca byarosanaya va patighasannaya va dukkham na iccheyya"ti
evampi manasikaronto bhaveyyati.
      [149] Evam ahitadukkhanagamanapatthanavasena atthato mettabhavanam
dassetva idani tameva upamaya dassento aha "mata yatha niyam puttan"ti.
      Tassattho:- yatha mata niyam puttam attani jatam orasam puttam, tanca
ekaputtameva ayusa anurakkhe, tassa dukkhagamanapatibahanattham 1- attano
ayumpi cajitva tam anurakkhe, evampi sabbabhutesu idam mettamanasam bhavaye,
punappunam janaye vaddhaye, tanca aparimanasattarammanavasena ekasmim va satte
anavasesapharanavasena aparimanam bhavaye iti.
      [150] Evam sabbakarena mettabhavanam dassetva idani tasseva
vaddhanam dassento aha "mettanca sabbalokasmin"ti.
      Tattha mijjati tayati cati mitta, 2- hitajjhasayataya siniyhati,
ahitagamanato rakkhati cati attho. Mittassa bhavo mettam. Sabbanti anavasesam. 3-
Lokasminti sattaloke. Manasi bhavam 4- manasam. Tanhi cittasampayuttatta evam
vuttam. Bhavayeti vaddhaye. Nassa parimananti aparimanam, aparimanasattarammanataya
evam vuttam. Uddhanti upari. Tena arupabhavam ganhati. Adhoti hettha.
Tena kamabhavam ganhati. Tiriyanti vemajjham. Tena rupabhavam ganhati. Asambadhanti
@Footnote: 1 Si. dukkhopagamapatibahanattham            2 cha.Ma. mitto
@3 cha.Ma. sabbasmim anavasese            4 cha.Ma. manasi bhavanti
Sambadhavirahitam, bhinnasimanti vuttam hoti. Sima nama paccatthiko vuccati,
tasmimpi pavattanti attho. Averanti veravirahitam, antarantarapi veracetanapatubhava-
virahitanti vuttam hoti. Asapattanti vigatapaccatthikam. Mettavihari hi puggalo
manussanam piyo hoti, amanussanam piyo hoti, nassa koci paccatthiko hoti,
tenassa tam manasam vigatapaccatthikatta "asapattan"ti vuccati. Pariyayavacanam hi
etam, yadidam paccatthiko sapattoti. Ayam anupadato atthavannana.
      Ayam panettha adhippetatthavannana:- yadetam "evampi sabbabhutesu manasam
bhavaye aparimanan"ti vuttam, tancetam aparimanam mettam manasam sabbalokasmim
bhavaye vaddhaye, vuddhim virulhim vepullam gamaye. Katham? uddham adho ca tiriyanca,
uddham yava bhavagga, adho yava avicito, tiriyam yava avasesasadisa. Uddham va
aruppam, adho kamadhatum, tiriyam rupadhatum anavasesam pharanto. Evam bhaventopi ca
tam yatha asambadham averam asapattanca hoti, tatha sambadhaverasapattabhavam
karonto bhavaye. Yam va tam va bhavanasampadam pattam sabbattha okasalokavasena 1-
asambadham, attano paresu aghatapativinayena averam, attani ca paresam
aghatapativinayena asapattam hoti, tam asambadham averam asapattam aparimanam mettam
manasamva 2- uddham adho tiriyancati tividhaparicchedena sabbalokasmim bhavaye
vuddhayeti.
      [151] Evam mettabhavanaya vaddhanam dassetva idani tava 3- tam
bhavanam anuyuttassa viharato iriyapathaniyamabhavam dassento aha tittham caram .pe.
Adhittheyya"ti.
      Tassattho:- evam cetam 4- mettam manasam bhavento so "nisidati pallankam
abhujitva ujum kayam panidhaya parimukhantiadisu 5- viya iriyapathaniyamam akatva
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma.,i. okasalabhavasena          2 cha.Ma. manasam
@3 cha.Ma. ayam patho na dissati           4 cha.Ma. evametam
@5 di.maha. 10/374/248, Ma.mu. 12/107/77, abhi.vi. 35/508/294
Yathasukham annataraannatarairiyapathabadhanavinodanam karonto tittham va caram va nisinno
va sayano va yavata vigatamiddho assa, atha etam mettajjhanassatim adhittheyya.
      Atha va evam mettabhavanaya vaddhanam dassetva idani vasibhavam
dassento aha "titthancaran"ti. Vasibhavappatto hi tittham va caram va nisinno
va sayano va yavata 1- iriyapathena etam mettajjhanassatim adhitthatukamo
hoti, atha va tittham caram nisinnoti 2- na tassa thanadini antarayakarani
honti. Apica kho so yavata etam mettajjhanassatim adhitthatukamo hoti,
tavata vigatamiddho 3- hutva. Adhitthati, natthi tassa tattha bandhayitattam. Tenaha
"titthancaram nisinno va sayano va yavatassa vigatamiddho. Etam satim
adhattheyya"ti
      tassayam adhippayo:- yantam "mettanca sabbalokasmim, manasam bhavaye"ti
vuttam, tam tatha bhavaye, yatha thanadisu yavata iriyapathena, thanadini va
anadiyitva yavata etam mettajjhanassatim adhitthatukamo assa, tavata
vigatamiddho hutva etam satim adhittheyyati.
      Evam mettabhavanaya vasibhavam dassento "etam satim adhittheyya"ti tasmim
mettavihare niyojetva idani tam viharam thunanto aha brahmametam viharam
idhamahu"ti.
      Tassattho:- yvayam "sukhino va khemino hontu"tiadim katva yava
"etam satim adhittheyya"ti samvannito 4- mettaviharo, etam catusu
dibbabrahmaariyairiyapathaviharesu niddosatta attanopi paresampi atthakaratta ca idha
ariyassa dhammavinaye brahmaviharamahu setthaviharamahuti. Yato satatam samitam
@Footnote: 1 Si. yavata yavata              2 cha.Ma. tittham va caram vati
@3 cha.Ma. vitamiddho, evamuparipi        4 cha.Ma. samvannito
Abbokinnam tittham caram nisinno va sayano va yavatassa vigatamiddho, etam
satim adhittheyyati.
      [152] Evam bhagava tesam bhikkhunam nanappakarato mettabhavanam dassetva
idani yasma metta sattarammanatta attaditthiya asanna hoti, tasma
ditthiggahananisedhanamukhena tesam bhikkhunam tadeva mettajjhanam padakam katva
ariyabhumippattim dassento aha "ditthinca anupagamma"ti. Imaya desanam
samapesi.
      Tassattho:- yvayam "brahmametam viharam idhamahu"ti samvannito
mettajjhanaviharo, tato vutthaya ye tattha vitakkavicaradayo dhamma, te, tesanca
vatthadianusarena rupadhamme pariggahetva arupadhamme pariggahetva 1- imina
namarupaparicchedena suddhasankharapunjoyam na idha sattupalabbhati"ti 2- evam ditthinca
anupagamma anupubbena lokuttarasilena silava hutva lokuttarasilasampayutteneva
sotapattimaggasammaditthisankhatena dassanena sampanno. Tato param yo cayam 3-
vatthukamesu gedho kilesakamo appahino hoti, tampi sakadagamianagamimaggehi
ca tanubhavena anavasesappahanena ca kamesu gedham vineyya vinayitva vupasametva
na hi jatu gabbhaseyyam puna reti ekamseneva puna gabbhaseyyam na eti,
suddhavasesu nibbattitva tattheva arahattam papunitva parinibbatiti.
      Evam bhagava desanam samapetva te bhikkhu aha "gacchatha bhikkhave tasmim 4-
vanasande viharatha, imanca suttamadaya 5- masassa atthasu dhammassavanadivasesu
gandim akotetva osaretha, dhammakatham karotha sakacchatha anumodatha, kammatthanam
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. arupadhamme pariggahetvati ayam patho na dissati     2 sam.sa. 15/171/173
@3 cha.Ma. yopayam          4 cha.Ma. tasmimyeva
@5 cha.Ma. adayati idam na pannayati
Asevatha bhavetha bahulirotha, tepi vo amanussa tam bheravarammanam na
dassessanti, annadatthum atthakama hitakama bhavissanti"ti. Te "sadhu"ti
bhagavato patissunitva utthayasana bhagavantam abhivadetva padakkhinam katva tattha
gantva tatha akamsu. Devatayo ca "bhaddanta amhakam atthakama hitakama"ti
pitisomanassajata hutva sayameva senasanam sammajjanti, unhodakam patiyadenti,
pitthiparikammam karonti, padaparikammam karonti, arakkham samvidahanti. Tepi bhikkhu
tatheva mettam bhavetva tameva padakam katva vipassanam arabhitva sabbepi
tasmimyeva antotemase aggaphalam arahattam papunitva mahapavaranaya
visuddhipavaranam pavaresunti.
                Evanhi atthakusalena tathagatena 1-
                dhammissarena kathitam karaniyamattham
                katvanubhuyya paramam dahayassa santim
                santam padam abhisamenti samattapanna.
                Tasma hi tam amatamabbhutamariyakantam
                santam padam abhisamecca viharitukamo.
                Vinnu jano vimalasilasamadhipanna-
                bhedam kareyya satatam karaniyamatthanti.
                Paramatthajotikaya khuddakatthakathaya
                          suttanipatatthakathaya
                       mettasuttavannana nitthita.
@Footnote: 1 Si.,Ma. atthakusala kusalassa dhamme


             The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 28 page 201-222.
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=28&A=4805&modeTY=2
             อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=28&A=4805&modeTY=2
             อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=25&i=308
             เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=25&A=7380
             พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=25&A=7324
             The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=25&A=7324
             Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 25
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_25