AtthaPali Vol.4

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Vipassanananakatha (1) [234] So evam samahite citte .pe. Anenjappatteti so cudadasahakarehi atthasu samapattisu cinnavasibhavo bhikkhuti dasseti. Sesamettha visuddhimagge vuttanayeneva veditabbam. Nanadassanaya cittam abhiniharatiti ettha nanadassanti maggananampi vuccati phalananampi, sabbannutananampi, paccavekkhanananampi, vipassanananampi. "kinnukho avuso nanadassanavisuddhattham bhagavati brahcariyam vussati"ti ^1- hi ettha maggananam nanadassanti vuttam. "ayamanno uttarimanussadhammo alamariyananadassanaviseso adhigato phasuviharo"ti ^2- ettha phalananam. "bhagavatopi kho nanadassanam `udapadi sattahakalakato alaro kalamo"ti ^3- ettha sabbannutananam. "nananca pana me dassanam udapadi akuppa me vimutti, ayamantima jati"ti ^4- ettha paccavekkhanananam. Idha pana "nanadassanaya cittan"ti idam vipassanananam "nanadassanan"ti vuttam ^5- abhiniharatiti vipassanananassa nibbattanatthaya tanninnam tapponam tappabbharam karoti. Rupiti adinam attho vuttoyeva. Odanakummasupacayoti odanena ceva kummasena ca upacito vaddhito. Aniccucchadanaparimaddanabhedanaviddhamsanadhammoti hutva abhavatthena aniccadhammo, duggandhavighatatthaya tanuvilepanena ucchadanadhammo, angapaccangabadhavinodanatthaya khuddakasambahanena parimaddanadhammo, daharakale va urusu sayapetva gabbhavasena dussanthitanam vinamitanam ^6- tesam tesam anganam santhanasampadanattham anjanapilanadivasena ^7- parimaddanadhammo. Evam pariharitopi bhedanaviddhamsanadhammo bhijjati ceva vikirati ca, evamsabhavoti attho. Tattha rupi catummahabhutikotiadisu chahi padehi samudayo kathito, aniccapadena saddhim pacchimehi dvihi atthangamo. Ettha nissitam ettha patibaddhanti ettha catummahabhutike kaye nissitanca patibaddhanca. @Footnote: ¹ Ma.mu. 12/257/217 rathavinitasutta ² Ma.mu. 12/328/291 culagosinagasutta @³ vi. mahavagga 4/10/10 ⁴ vinaYu. mahavagga 4/16/15 ⁵ cha.Ma. vuttanti @⁶ cha.Ma. ayam patho na dissati. ⁷ cha.Ma. anchana....

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[235] Subhoti sundaro. Jatimati parisuddhakarasamutthito. Suparikammakatoti sutthu kataparikammo apanitapasanasakkharo. Acchoti tanucchavi. Vippasannoti sutthu pasanno. Sabbakarasampannoti dhovanadihi sabbehi akarehi sampanno. Nilantiadihi vannasampattim dasseti. Tadisam hi avutam pakatam hoti. Evamevakhoti ettha evam upamasamsandanam ^1- veditabbam. Mani viya hi karajakayo, avutasuttam viya vipassanananam, cakkhuma puriso viya vipassanalabhi bhikkhu, hatthe karitva paccavekkhato "ayam kho mani"ti manino avibhutakalo viya vipassanananam abhiniharitva nisinnassa bhikkhuno catummahabhutikakayassa avibhutakalo, "tatridam suttam avutan"ti suttassavibhutakalo viya vipassanananam niharitva nisinnassa bhikkhuno tadarammananam phassapancamakanam va sabbacittacetasikanam va vipassanananasseva va avibhutakalo. Idanca vipassanananam magganananantaram. Evam santepi, yasma abhinnavare araddhe etassa antaravaro natthi, tasma idheva dassitam. Yasma ca aniccadivasena akatasammasanassa dibbaya sotadhatuya bheravasaddam sunato, pubbenivasanussatiya bherave khandhe anussarato, dibbena cakkhuna bheravarupam passato bhayasantaso uppajjati, na aniccadivasena katasammasanassa. Tasma abhinnam pattassa bhayavinodanahetusampadanatthampi idam idheva dassitam. Apica yasma vipassanasukham nametam maggaphalasukhasampadakam patiyekkam sanditthikam samannaphalam. Tasmapi aditova idam idha dassitanti veditabbam. Manomayiddhinanakatha (2) [236-237] Manomayanti manena nibbattitam. Sabbangapaccanganti sabbehi angehi ca paccangehi ca samannagatam. Ahinindriyanti santhanavasena avikalindriyam. Iddhimata nimmitarupam hi sace iddhima odato, tampi odatam. Sace aviddhakanno, tampi aviddhakannanti evam sabbakarehi tena sadisameva @Footnote: ¹ Ma. upamasampadanam

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Hoti. Munjamha isikantiadi upamattayampi hi sadisabhavadassanatthameva vuttam. Munjasadisaeva hi tassa anto isika hoti. Kosisadisoyeva asi, vattaya kosiya vattam asimeva pakkhipanti, patthataya patthatam. Karandati idampi ahikancukassa namam, na vilivakarandakassa ahikancuko hi ahina sadisova hoti. Tattha kincapi "puriso ahim karanda uddhareyya"ti hatthena uddharamano viya dassito, athakho cittenevassa uddharanam veditabbam. Ayam hi ahi nama sajatiyam thito, katthantaram va rukkhantaram va nissaya, tacato sariranikkaddhanapayogasankhatena thamena, sariram khadamanam ^1- viya puranatacam jigucchantoti imehi catuhi karanehi sayameva kancukam pajahati, na sakka tato annena uddharitum, tasma cittena uddharanam sandhaya idam vuttanti veditabbam. Iti munajadisadisam imassa bhikkhuno sariram, isikadisadisam nimmitarupanti idamettha opammasamsandanam. Nimmanavidhanam panettha parato ca idadhividhadipancaabhinnakatha sabbakarena visuddhimagge vittharitati tattha vuttanayeneva veditabba. Upamamattameva hi idha adhikam. Iddhividhananakatha (3-7) [239] Tattha chekakumbhakaradayo viya iddhividhananalabhi bhikkhu datthabbo, suparikammakatamattikadayo viya iddhividhananam datthabbam, icchaticchitabhajanavikatiadikaranam viya tassa bhikkhuno vikubbanam datthabbam. [241] Dibbasotadhatuupamayam yasma kantaraddhanamaggo sasanko hoti sappatibhayo. Tattha ussankitaparisankitena ayam bherisaddo, ayam mudingasaddoti na sakka vavatthapetum, tasma kantaraggahanam akatva khemamaggam dassento "addhanamaggapatipanno"ti aha. Appatibhayam hi khemamaggam sise satakam katva sanikam patipanno vuttappakare sadde sukham vavatthapeti. Tassa vasena tesam tesam saddanam avibhutakalo viya yogino durasantikabhedanam dibbanam ceva manusakananca saddanam avibhutakalo datthabbo. @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. khadayamano

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[243] Cetopariyananupamayam:- daharoti taruno. Yuvagi yobbanena samannagato. Mandanajatikoti yuvapi samano na alasiyo na kilitthavatthasariro. Athakho mandanapakatiko, divasassa dve tayo vare nhayitva suddhavatthaparidahanaalankarakaranasilota attho. Sakanikanti kalatilakavanamukhadulipilakadinam ^1- annatarena sadosam. Tattha yatha tassa mukhanimittam paccavekkhato mukhe doso pakato hoti, evam cetopariyananaya cittam abhiniharitva nisinnassa bhikkhuno paresam solasavidham cittam pakatam hotiti veditabbam. [245] Pubbenivasananupamayam:- tamdivasam katakiriya pakata hotiti tamdivasam gatagamattayameva gahitam. Tattha gamattayagatapuriso viya pubbenivasananalabhi datthabbo, tayo gama viya tayo bhava datthabba, tassa purisassa tisu gamesu tamdivasam katakiriyaya avibhavo viya pubbenivasaya cittam abhiniharitva nisinnassa bhikkhuno tisu bhavesu katakiriyaya pakatabhavo datthabbo. [247] Dibbacakkhupamayam:- vithim sancaranteti aparaparamsancarante. "vitham carante"tipi ^2- patho, ayamevattho. Tattha nagaramajjhe singhatakamhi pasado viya imassa bhikkhuno karajakayo datthabbo, pasade thito cakkhuma puriso viya ayameva dibbacakkhum patva thito bhikkhu, geham pavisanta viya patisandhivasena matukucchiyam pavisanta, geha nikkhamanta viya matu kucchito nikkhamanta, rathikaya vithim sancaranta viya aparaparam sancaranakasatta, purato abbhokasatthane majjhe singhatake nisinna viya tisu bhavesu tattha tattha nibbattasatta, pasadatale thitapurisassa tesam manussanam avibhutakalo viya dibbacakkhunanaya cittam abhiniharitva nisinnassa bhikkhuno tisu bhavesu nibbattasattanam avibhutakalo datthabbo. Idam ca desanasukhatthameva vuttam, aruppe pana dibbacakkhussa gocaro natthiti. Asavakkhayananakatha (8) [248] So evam samahite citteti idha vipassanapadakam catutthajjhanacittam veditabbam. Asavanam khayananayati asavanam khayanananibbattanatthaya. @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma., i. kalatilakavangamukhadusipilakadinam. @² Si. vithisancarantetipi, Ma. rathikam sancarantetipi

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Ettha ca asavanam khayo nama maggopi phalampi nibbanampi bhangopi vuccati. "khaye nanam anuppade nanan"ti ^1- ettha hi maggo "asavanam khayo"ti vutto. "asavanam khaya samano hoti"ti ^2- ettha phalam. "paravajjanupassissa niccam ujjhanasannino asava tassa vaddhanti ara so asavakkhaya"ti ^3- ettha nibbanam. "asavanam khayo vayo bhedo aniccata antaradhanan"ti ^4- ettha bhango. Idha pana nibbanam adhippetam, arahattamaggopi vattatiyeva. Cittam abhiniharatiti vipassanacittam tanninnam tapponam tappabbharam karoti. So idam dukkhantiadisu "ettakam dukkham, na ito bhiyyo"ti sabbampi dukkhasaccam sarasalakkhanapativedhena yathabhutam pajanatiti attho. Tassa ca dukkhas nibbattikam ^5- tanham "ayam dukkhasamudayo"ti, tadubhayampi yam thanam patva nirujjhati, tantesam appavattim nibbanam "ayam dukkhanirodho"ti, tassa ca sampapakam ariyamaggam "ayam dukkhanirodhagaminipatipada"ti sarasalakkhanapativedhena yathabhutam pajanatiti attho. Evam sarupato saccani dassetva puna kilesavasena pariyayato dassento "ime asava"tiadimaha. Tassa evam janato evam passatoti tassa bhikkhuno evam janantassa evam passantassa, saha vipassanaya kotippattam maggam kathesi. Kamasavati kamasavato. "vimuccati"ti imina maggakkhanam dasseti. Vimuttasminti imina phalakkhanam. Vimuttamiti nanam hotiti imina paccavekkhanananam. Khina jatitiadihi tassa bhumim. Tena hi nanena khinasavo paccavekkhanto "khina jati"tiadini pajanati. Katama panassa jati khina, kathanca nam pajanatiti? na tavassa Atita jati khina, pubbeva khinatta. Na anagata, anagate vayamabhavato. Na paccuppanna, vijjamanatta. Ya pana maggassa abhavitatta uppajjeyya ekacatupancavokarabhavesu ekacatupancakkhandhappabheda jati, sa maggassa bhavitatta @Footnote: ¹ di. pati. 11/304/193 sangitisutta ² Ma.mu. 12/438/386 culaassapurasutta @³ khu. dhamma 25/253/60 ujjhanasannittheravatthu ⁴ abhi.vi. 35/354/228 @⁵ Ma. nibbattanikam

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Ayatim anuppadadhammatam apajjanena khina, tam so maggabhavanaya pahinakilese paccavekkhitva "kilesabhave vijjamanampi kammam ayatim appatisandhikamva hoti"ti jananto pajanati. Vusitanti vuttham parivuttham. ^1- Brahmacariyanti maggabrahmacariyam. Puthujjanakalyanakena hisaddhim satta sekha ^2- brahmacariyavasam vasanti nama, khinasavo vutthavaso. Tasma so attano brahmacariyavasam paccavekkhanto "vusitam brahmacariyan"ti pajanati. Katam karaniyanti catusu saccesu catuhi maggehi parinnapahanasacchikiriyabhavanavasena solasavidham kiccam nitthapitam. Tena tena maggena pahatabbakilesa pahina, dukkhamulam samucchinnanti attho. Puthujjanakalyanakadayo hi tam kiccam karonti, khinasavo katakaraniyo. Tasma so attano karaniyam paccavekkhanto "katam me karaniyan"ti pajanati. Naparam itthattayati idani puna itthabhavaya evam solasakiccabhavaya kilesakkhayabhavaya va kattabbam maggabhavanakiccam me natthiti pajanati. Athava itthattayati itthabhavato ^3- imasma evampakara idani vattamanakkhandhasantana aparam khandhasantanam mayham natthi. Ime pana pancakkhandha parinnata titthanti chinnamulaka rukkha viya, te carimakacittanirodhena anupadano viya jatavedo nibbayissanti, apannattikabhavam ca gamissantiti pajanati. [249] Pabbatasankhepeti pabbatamatthake. Anaviloti nikkaddamo. Sippiyo ca sambuka ca sippisambukam. Sakkhara cakathala ^4- ca sakkharakathalam. Macchanam gumba ghatati macchagumbam. Titthantampi carantampiti ettha sakkharakathalam titthatiyeva, itarani carantipi titthantipi. Yatha pana antarantara thitasupi nisinnasupi vijjamanasupi "eta gavo caranti"ti carantiyo upadaya itarapi carantiti vuccanti, evam titthantameva sakkharakathalamupadaya itarampi dvayam titthantanti vuttam. Itaranca dvayam carantam upadaya sakkharakathalampi carantanti vuttam. Tattha cakkhumato purisassa tire thatva passato sippisambukadinam vibhutakalo viya @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. vuttham parivuttham ² cha.Ma. sekkha ³ Si. itthambhavato @⁴ cha.Ma. kathalani, Si. kathalani

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Asavanam khayaya cittam abhiniharitva nisinnassa bhikkhuno catunnam saccanam vibhutakalo datthabboti. Ettavata ^1- vipassanananam, manomayananam, iddhividhananam, dibbasotananam, cetopariyananam, pubbenivasananam, dibbacakkhuvasena nipphannam anagatamsanana- yathakammupagananadvayam, dibbacakkhunanam, asavakkhayanananti dasa nanani nidditthani honti. Tesam arammanavibhago janitabbo:- tattha vipassanananam parittamahaggataatitanagatapaccuppannaajjhattabahiddhavasena sattavidharammanam. Manomayananam nimmitarupayatanamattameva arammanam karotiti parittapaccuppannabahiddharammanam. Asavakkhayananam appamanabahiddhaavattabbarammanam. ^2- Avasesanam arammanabhedo visuddhimagge vutto. Uttaritaram va panitataram vati yena kenaci pariyayena ito setthataram samannaphalam nama natthiti bhagava arahattanikutena desanam nitthapesi. Ajatasattuupasakattapativedanakatha [250] Raja tattha tattha sadhukaram pavattento adimajjhapariyosanam sakkaccam sutva "ciram vatamhi ime panhe puthusamanabrahmane pucchanto, thuse kottento viya kinci saram nalattham, aho vata bhagavato gunasampada, yo me dipasahassam jalento viya mahantam alokam katva ime panhe vissajjesi. Suciram vatamhi dasabalassa gunanukavam ajananto vancito"ti cintetva buddha- gunanussarasambhutaya pancavidhaya pitiya phutthasariro attano pasadam avikaronto upasakattam pativedesi. Tam dassetum "evam vutte raja"tiadi araddham. Tattha abhikkantam bhanteti ayam abhikkantasaddo khayasundarabhirupaabbhanumodanesu dissati. "abhikkanta bhante ratti, nikkhanto pathamo yamo, ciranisinno bhikkhusamgho"ti ^3- adisu hi khaye dissati. "ayam me puggalo khamati, imesam catunnam puggalanam abhikkantataro ca panitataro ca"tiadisu ^4- sundare. @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. ettavata ² cha.Ma....navattabbarammanam @³ vinaYu. cula. 7/383/204, an. atthaka, 23/20/207 (sya), khu. udana. 25/45/164 @⁴ an. catukka 21/100/113

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"ko me vandti padani iddhiya yasasa jalam abhikkantena vannena sabba obhasayam disa"ti ^1- adisu abhirupe. "abhikkantam bho gotama"tiadisu ^2- abbhanumodane. Idhapi abbhanumodaneyeva. Yasma ca abbhanumodane, tasma sadhu sadhu bhanteti vuttam hotiti veditabbo. Bhaye kodhe pasamsayam turite kotuhalacchare hase soke pasade ca kare amenditam budhoti imina ca lakkhanena idha pasadavasena pasamsavasena cayam dvikkhattum vuttoti veditabbo. Athava akikkantanti abhikkantam atiittham atimanapam, atisundaranti vuttam hoti. Ettha ekena abhikkantasaddena desanam thometi, ekena attano pasadam. Ayam hettha adhippayo:- abhikkantam bhante yadidam bhagavato dhammadesana, abhikkantam yadidam bhagavato dhammadesanam agamma mama pasadoti. Bhagavatoyeva va vacanam dve dve atthe sandhaya thometi. Bhagavato vacanam abhikkantam dosanasanato, abhikkantam gunadhigamanato. Tatha saddhajananato pannajananato, satthato sabyanjanato, uttanapadato gambhiratthato, kannasukhato hadayangamato, anattukakamsanato aparavambhanato, karunasitalato pannavadatato, apatharamaniyato vimaddakkhamato, suyyamanasukhato, vimamsiyamanahitatoti evamadihi yojetabbam. Tato parampi catuhi upamahi desanamyeva thometi. Tattha nikkujjitanti adhomukhathapitam, hetthamukhajatam va. Ukkujjeyyati upari mukham kareyya. Paticchannanti tinapannadicchaditam. Vivareyyati ugghateyya. Mulhassa vati disamulhassa. Maggam acikkheyyati hatthe gahetva "esa maggo"ti vadeyya. Andhakareti kalapakkhacatuddasiaddharattaghanavanasandameghapatalehi caturangatame, ayam tava anuttanapadattho. Ayam pana adhippayayojana:- yatha koci nikkujjitam ukkujjeyya, evam saddhammavimukham assaddhamme patitam mam assaddhamma vutthapentena, yatha paticchannam vivareyya, evam kassapassa bhagavato sasanantaradhana pabhuti micchaditthiggahanapaticchannam @Footnote: ¹ khu. vimana. 26/857/87 mandukadevaputtavimana @² vinaYu. mahavi. 1/15/7 veranjakanda, an. atthaka. 23/101/181 mahavagga: varanjasutta

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Sasanam vivarantena, yatha mulahassa maggam acikkheyya, evam kummaggamicchamagga- patipannassa ^1- me saggamokkhamaggam avikarontena, yatha andhakare telapajjotam dhareyya, evam mohandhakaranimuggassa me buddhadiratanarupani apassato tappaticchadakamohandhakaraviddhamsakadesanapajjotadharakena mayham bhagavata etehi pariyayehi pakasitatta anekapariyayena dhammo pakasito. Evam desanam thometva imaya desanaya ratanattaye pasannacitto pasannakaram karonto "esahan"tiadimaha. Tattha esahanti eso aham. Bhagavantam saranam gacchamiti bhagava me saranam parayanam aghassa ghata, hitassa ca vidhatati imina adhippayena bhagavantam gacchami bhajami sevami payirupasami, evam va janami bujjhamiti. Yesam hi dhatunam gati attho, buddhipi tesam attho. Tasma "gacchami"ti imassa janami bujjhamiti ayamevattho ^2- vutto. Dhammanca bhikkhusamghancati ettha pana adhigatamagge sacchikatanirodhe yathanusittham patipajjamane ca catusu apayesu apatamane dharetiti dhammo, so atthato ariyamaggo ceva nibbanam ca. Vuttanhetam "yavata bhikkhave dhamma sankhata, ariyo atthangiko maggo tesam aggamakkhayati"ti ^3- vittharo. Na kevalanca ariyamaggo ceva nibbananca. Apica kho ariyaphalehi saddhim pariyattidhammopi. Vuttam hetam chattamanavakavimane:- "ragaviragamanejamasokam dhammamasankhatamappatikulam madhuramimam pagunam suvibhattam dhammamimam saranatthamupehi"ti. ^4- Ettha hi ragaviragoti maggo kathito. Anejamasokanti phalam. Dhammamasankhatanti nibbanam. Appatikulam madhuramimam pagunam suvibhattanti pitakattayena vibhattasabbadhammakkhandhati. ^5- Ditthisilasanghatena samhatoti samgho. So atthato atthaariyapuggalasamuho. Vuttam hetam tasmimyeva vimane:- @Footnote: ¹ ka. kummaggam patipannassa ² cha.Ma. ayampi attho @³ an. catukka. 21/34/39, khu. iti. 25/90/308 ⁴ khu. vimana 26/887/91 @⁵ cha.Ma. vibhatta dhammakkhandhati

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"yattha ca dinnam mahapphalamahu catusu sucisu purisayugesu attha ca puggaladhammadasa te samghamimam saranatthamupehi"ti. ^1- Bhikkhunam samgho bhikkhusamgho. Ettavata raja tini saranagamanani pativedesi. Saranagamanakatha idani tesu saranagamanesu kosallattham saranam, saranagamanam, yo ca saranam gacchati, saranagamanappabhedo, saranagamanaphalam, sankileso, bhedoti ayam vidhi veditabbo. Seyyathidam? saranatthato ^2- tava himsatiti saranam. Saranagatanam teneva saranagamanena bhayam santasam dukkham duggatiparikilesam hanati himsati ^3- vinasetiti attho, ratanattayassevetam adhivacanam. Athava:- hite pavattanena ahita ca nivattanena sattanam bhayam himsati buddho, bhavakantara uttaranena assasadanena ca dhammo, appakanampi karanam vipulaphalapatilabhakaranena samgho. Tasma iminapi pariyayena ratanattayam saranam. Tappasadataggarutahi vihatakileso tapparayanatakarappavatto cittuppado saranagamanam. Tamsamangisatto saranam gacchati. Vuttappakarena cittuppadena etani me tini ratanani saranam, etani parayananti evam upetiti attho. Evam tava saranam, saranagamanam, yo ca saranam gacchati, idam tayam veditabbam. Saranagamanappabhede pana duvidham saranagamanam:- lokuttaram lokiyanca. Tattha lokuttaram ditthasaccanam maggakkhane saranagamanupakilesasamucchedena arammanato nibbanarammanam hutva kiccato sakalepi ratanattaye ijjhati. Lokiyam puthujjananam saranagamanupakilesavikkhambhanena arammanato buddhadigunarammanam hutva ijjhati. Tam atthato buddhadisu vatthusu saddhapatilabho, saddhamulika ca sammaditthi dasasu punnakiriyavatthusu ditthujukammanti ^4- vuccati. @Footnote: ¹ khu, vimana. 26/888/92 ² ka. padatthato @³ cha.Ma., i. himsatiti padam na dissati ⁴ cha.Ma. ditthajukammanti

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Tayidam catudha vattati 1-:- attasanniyyatanena tapparayanataya, sissabhavupagamanena panipatenati. ^2- Tattha attasanniyyatanam nama "ajjadim katva aham attanam buddhassa niyyademi, dhammassa, samghassa"ti evam buddhadinam attapariccajanam. Tapparayanata nama "ajjadim katva `aham buddhaparayano, dhammaparayano, samghaparayano'ti mam dharetha"ti evam tapparayanabhavo. Sissabhavupagamanannama "ajjadim katva `aham buddhassa antevasiko, dhammassa, samghassa'ti mam dharetha"ti evam sissabhavupagamo. Panipato ^3- nama "ajjadim katva `aham abhivadanapaccupatthanam anjalikammasamicikammam buddhadinamyeva tinnamvatthunam karomi'ti mam dharetha"ti evam buddhadisu paramanihaccakaro. Imesam hi catunnam akaranam annatarampi karontena gahitamyeva hoti saranam. Apica bhagavato attanam pariccajami, dhammassa, samghassa attanam pariccajami. Jivitam pariccajami, pariccattoyeva me atta, pariccattamyeva me jivitam, jivitapariyantikam buddham saranam gacchami, buddho me saranam lenam tananti evampi attasanniyyatanam veditabbam. "sattharanca vataham passeyyam bhagavantameva passeyyam. Sugatanca vatahampasseyyam bhagavantameva passeyyam, sammasambuddhanca vataham passeyyam bhagavantameva passeyyan"ti ^4- evampi mahakassapassa saranagamanam ^5- viya sissabhavupagamanam veditabbam. "so aham vicarissami gama gamam pura puram namassamano sambuddham dhammassa ca sudhammatan"ti ^6- evampi alavakadinam saranagamanam viya tapparayanata veditabba. "athakho brahmayu brahmano utthayasana ekamsam uttarasangam karitva bhagavato padesu sirasa nipatitva bhagavato padani mukhena ca paricumbati, panihi caparisambahati, namanca saveti `brahmayu aham bho gotama brahmano, brahmayu aham bho gotama brahmano"ti ^7- evampi panipato datthabbo. @Footnote: ¹ ka. pavattati ² cha.Ma. panipatenati ³ cha.Ma. panipato @⁴ sam. nidana. 16/154/110 ⁵ Si.,Ma. saranagamane @⁶ khu.su. 25/194/371, sam. saga, 15/246/259 ⁷ Ma.Ma. 13/394/377

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So panesa natibhayacirayadakkhineyyavasena catubbidho hoti. Tattha dakkhineyyapanipatena saranagamanam hoti, na itarehi. Setthavaseneva hi saranam ganhati, setthavasena ca bhijjati. Tasma yo sakiyo va koliyo va "buddho amhakam natako"ti vandati, aggahitameva hoti saranam. Yo va "samano gotamo rajapujito mahanubhavo avandiyamano anatthampi kareyya"ti bhayena vandati, aggahitameva hoti saranam. Yo va ^1- bodhisattakale bhagavatosantike kinci uggahitam saramano, buddhakale va "catudha vibhaje bhoge pandito gharamavasam ekena bhogam bhunjeyya dvihi kammam payojaye catutthanca nidhapeyya, apadasu bhavissati"ti ^2- evarupam anusasanim uggahetva "acariyo me"ti vandati, aggahitameva hoti saranam. Yo pana "ayam loke aggadakkhineyyo"ti vandati, teneva gahitam hoti saranam. Evam gahitasaranassa ca upasakassa va upasikaya va annatitthiyesu pabbajitampi natim "natako me ayan"ti vandato saranagamanam nabhijjati, pageva apabbajitam. Tatha rajanam bhayavasena vandato. So hi ratthapujitatta avandiyamano anatthampi kareyyati. Tatha yam kinci sippam sikkhapakam titthiyampi "acariyo me ayan"ti vandatopi na bhijjati, evam saranagamanappabhedo veditabbo. Ettha ca lokuttarassa saranagamanassa cattari samannaphalani vipakaphalam, sabbadukkhakkhayo anisamsaphalam. Vuttanhetam "yo ca buddhanca dhammanca samghanca saranam gato cattari ariyasaccani sammappannaya passati. Dukkham dukkhasamuppadam dukkhassa ca atikkamam ariyancatthangikam maggam dukkhu pasamagaminam. Etam kho saranam khemam etam saranamuttamam etam saranamagamma sabbadukkha pamuccati"ti ^3- @Footnote: ¹ Si., Ma. yopi ² di. pati. 11/265/163 ³ khu. dhamMa. 25/190/192

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Apica niccadito ^1- anupagamanadivasenapetassa anisamsaphalam veditabbam. Vuttam hetam "atthanametam anavakaso, yam ditthisampanno puggalo kanci sankharam niccato upagaccheyya .pe. Kanci sankharam sukhato .pe. Kanci dhammam attato upagaccheyya .pe. Mataram jivita voropeyya .pe. Pitaram. Arahantam. Padutthacitto tathagatassa lohitam uppadeyya .pe. Samgham bhindeyya .pe. Annam sattharam uddiseyya, netam thanam vijjati"ti. ^2- Lokiyassa pana saranagamanassa bhavasampadapi bhogasampadapi phalameva. Vuttam hetam:- "yekeci buddham saranam gatase na te gamissanti apayabhumim pahaya manusam deham devakayam paripuressanti"ti. ^3- Aparampi vuttam "athakho sakko devanamindo asitiya devatasahassehi saddhim yenayasma mahamoggallano tenupasankami .pe. Ekamantam thitam kho sakkam devanamindam ayasma mahamoggalano etadavoca "sadhu kho devanaminda buddhasaranagamanam hoti. Buddhasaranagamanahetu kho devanaminda evamidhekacce satta kayassa bheda param marana sugatim saggam lokam upapajjanti'ti te anne deve dasahi thanehi adhigganhanti:- dibbena ayuna, dibbena vannena, dibbena sukhena, dibbena yasena, dibbena adhipateyayena, dibbehi rupehi, saddehi gandhehi rasehi photthabbehi"ti. ^4- Esa nayo dhamme ca samghe ca. Apica velamasuttadivasenapi ^5- saranagamanassa phalaviseso vedibbo. Evam saranagamanaphalam veditabbam. Tattha ca lokiyasaranagamanam tisu vatthusu annanasamsayamicchananadihi samkilissati, na hamajutikam hoti na mahavippharam. Lokuttarassa natthi samkileso. Lokiyassa ca saranagamanassa duvidho bhedo savajjo ca anavajjo ca. Tattha savajjo annasattharadisu attasanniyyatanadihi hoti, so ca anitthaphalo. @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. aniccato ² Ma. upari. 14/127/114, abhi. vibhanga. 35/809/409 @³ sam. saga. 15/37/30 ⁴ sam. sala. 18/530/337(sya) ⁵ an. navaka. 23/224/406

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Anavajjo kalakiriyaya hoti, so avipakatta aphalo. Lokuttarassa pana nevatthi bhedo, bhavantarepi hi ariyasavako annam sattharam na uddisatiti. Evam saranagamanassa samkileso ca bhedo ca veditabbo upasakam mam bhante bhagava dharetuti mam bhagava "upasako ayan"ti evam dharetu, janatuti attho. Upasakavidhikatha upasakavidhikosallattham panettha ko upasako, kasma upasakoti vuccati, kimassa silam, ko ajivo, ka vipatti, ka sampattiti idam pakinnakam veditabbam. Tattha ko upasakoti yo koci saranagato gahattho. Vuttam hetam "yato kho mahanama buddham saranam gato hoti, dhammam samgham saranam gato hoti. Ettavata kho mahanama upasako hoti"ti ^1- kasma upasakoti ratanattayam ^2- upasanato. So hi buddham upasatiti upasako. Tatha dhammam samgham. Kimassa silanti panca veramaniyo. Yathaha "yato kho mahanama upasako panatipata pativirato hoti, adinnadana, kamesumicchacara, musavada, suramerayamajjapamadatthana pativirato hoti. Ettavata kho mahanama upasako silava hoti"ti. ^3- Ko ajivoti panca micchavanijja pahaya dhammena samena jivikakappanam. Vuttam hetam "pancima bhikkhave vanijja upasakena akaraniya. Katama panca? satthavanijja sattavanijja mamsavanijja majjavanijja. Imakho bhikkhave panca vanijja upasakena akaraniya"ti. ^4- Ka vipattiti ya tasseva silassa ca ajivassa ca vipatti, ayamassa vipatti. Apica yaya esa candalo ceva hoti malanca patikittho ^5- ca, sapissa vipattiti veditabba. Te ca atthato assaddhiyadayo panca dhamma honti. Yathaha @Footnote: ¹ an. atthaka. 23/115/223 (saya.), sam. maha. 19/1033/343 mahanamasutta @² cha.Ma. ratanattayassa ³ an. atthaka. 23/115/223 (saya.) sam. maha. 19/1033/343 @⁴ an. pancaka. 22/177/232 (saya.) ⁵ cha.Ma. patikittho Ma. patikuttho

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"pancahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannagato upasako upasakacandalo ca hoti upasakamalanca upasakapatikittho ca. Katamehi pancahi? assaddho hoti, dussilo hoti, kotuhalamangaliko hoti, mangalam pacceti, no kammam, ito ca bahiddha dakkhineyyam pariyesati, tattha ca pubbakaram karoti"ti. ^1- Ka sampattiti sampatti. Ya cassa silasampada ceva ajivasampada ca, sa sampatti ye cassa ratanabhavadikara saddhadayo panca dhamma. Yathaha "pancahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannagato upasako upasakaratananca hoti upasakapadumanca upasakapundarikanca. Katamehi pancahi? saddho hoti, silava hoti, na kotuhalamangaliko hoti, kammam pacceti, no mangalam, na ito bahiddha dakkhineyyam gavesati, idha ca pubbakaram karoti"ti. ^2- Ajjataggeti etthayam aggasaddo adikotikotthasasetthesu dissati. "ajjatagge samma dovarika avarami dvaram niganthanam niganthinan"ti ^3- adisu adimhi dissati. "teneva angulaggena tam angulaggam paramaseyya. ^4- Ucchaggam velaggan"ti adisu kotiyam. "ambilaggam va madhuraggam va tittakaggam va. ^5- Anujanami bhikkhave viharaggena va parivenaggena va bhajetun"ti ^6- adisu kotthase. "yavata bhikkhave satta apada va .pe. Tathagato tesam aggamakkhayati"ti ^7- adisu setthe. Idha panayam adimhi datthabbo. Tasma ajjaggeti ajjatam adim katvati evamettha attho veditabbo. Ajjatanti ajjabhavam. Ajjadaggeti va patho, dakaro padasandhikaro. Ajja aggam katvati attho. ^8- Panupetanti panehi upetam yava me jivitam pavattati, tava upetam anannasatthukam tihi saranagamanehi saranagatam upasakam kappiyakarakam mam bhagava dharetu @Footnote: ¹ an. pancaka. 22/175/230 ² A. pancaka. 22/175/230 @³ Ma.Ma. 13/70/47 upalivadasutta ⁴ abhi. katha. 37/1073/343 @⁵ sam. maha. 19/374/131 sudasutta ⁶ vi. cula. 7/318/89 @⁷ an. catukka. 21/34/39, sam. maha. 19/139/39, khu. iti. 25/90/308 @ aggappasadasutta ⁸ Ma. ajja agganti attho.

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Janatu. Aham hi sacepi me tikhinena asina sisam chindeyya, neva buddham "na buddho"ti va, dhammam "na dhammo"ti va, samgham "na samgho"ti va vadeyyanti. Evam attasanniyyatanena saranam gantva attana katam aparadham pakasento "accayo mam bhante"ti adimaha. Tattha accayoti aparadho. Mam accagamati mam atikkamma abhibhavitva pavatto. Dhammikam dhammarajananti ettha dhammam caratiti dhammiko. Dhammeneva raja jato, na pitughatanadina adhammenati dhammaraja. Jivita voro pesinti jivita viyojesim. Patigganhatuti khamatu. Ayatim samvarayati anagate samvaratthaya. Puna evarupassa aparadhassa dosassa khalitassa akaranatthaya. [251] Tagghati ekamse nipato. Yathadhammam patikarositi yatha dhammo thito, tatheva karosi, khamapesiti vuttam hoti. Tante mayam patigganhamati tam tava aparadham mayam khamama. Vuddhi hesa maharaja ariyassa vinayeti esa maharaja ariyassa vinaye buddhassa bhagavato sasane vuddhi nama. Katama? yayam accayam accayato disva yathadhammam patikaritva ayatim samvarapajjana, desanam pana puggaladhitthanam karonto "yo accayam accayato disva yathadhammam patikaroti, ayatim samvaram apajjati"ti aha. [252] Evam vutteti evam bhagavata vutte. Handa cadani mayam bhanteti ettha handati vavassaggatthe ^1- nipato. So hi gamanavacasayam ^2- katva evamaha. Bahukiccati balavakicca. Bahukaraniyati tasseva vevacanam. Yassadani tvanti yassa idani tvam maharaja gamanassa kalam mannasi janasi, tassa kalam tvameva janasiti vuttam hoti. Padakkhinam katva pakkamiti tikkhattum padakkhinam katva dasanakhasamodhanasamujjalam anjalim sirasi patitthapetva yava dassanavisaya ^3- bhagavato abhimukhova patikkamitva dassanavijahanatthanabhumiyam pancapatitthitena vanditva pakkami. @Footnote: ¹ ka. vacasayatthe ² Si. gamanavavassayam ³ cha.Ma. dassanavisayam

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[253] Khatayam bhikkhave rajati khato ayam bhikkhave raja. Upahatayanti upahato ayam. Idam vuttam hoti:- ayam bhikkhave raja khato upahato bhinnapatittho jato, tathanena attanava atta khato, yatha attanova patittha na jatoti. Virajanti ragarajadivirahitam. Ragamaladinamyeva vigatatta vitamalam. Dhammacakkhunti dhammesu va cakkhum, annesu thanesu tinnam magganam etam adhivacanam. Idha pana sotapattimaggasseva. Idam vuttam hoti:- sace imina pita ghatito nabhavissa, idani idhevasane nisinno sotapattimaggam patto abhavissa, papamittasamsaggena panassa antarayo jato. Evam santepi, yasma ayam tathagatam upasankamitva ratanattayam saranam gato tasma mama ca sasanassa mahantataya yatha nama koci kassaci vadham katva pupphamutthimattena dandena mucceyya, evameva lohakumbhiyam nibbattitva timsavassasahassani adho papatanto hetthimatalam patva timsavassasahassani uddham gacchanto punapi uparimatalam papunitva muccissatiti idampi kira bhagavata vuttameva, paliyam pana na arulaham. Idam pana suttam sutva ranna koci anisamso laddhoti? mahanisamso Laddho. Ayam hi pitu maritakalato patthaya neva rattim na divaniddam labhati, sattharam pana upasankamitva imaya madhuraya ojavantiya dhammadesanaya sutakalato patthaya niddam upeti. ^1- Tinnam ratananam mahasakkaram akasi. Pothujjanikaya saddhaya samannagato nama imina ranna sadiso nahosi. Anagate pana jivitaviseso ^2- nama paccekabuddho hutva parinibbayissatiti. Idamavoca bhagava. Attamana te bhikkhu bhagavato bhasitam abhinandunti. Iti sumangalavilasiniya dighanikayatthakathaya samannaphalasuttavannana nitthita. ----------------- @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. labhi, Ma. labhati ² cha.Ma. vijitavi, i. viditaviseso

The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 4 page 198-214. http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=4&A=5198&modeTY=2&pagebreak=1 อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=4&A=5198&modeTY=2&pagebreak=1 อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=9&i=91 เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=9&A=1072 พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=9&A=1199 The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=9&A=1199 Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 9 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_9