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9. Sankharupekkhanananiddesavannana
[54] Sankharupekkhanananiddese uppadadini vuttatthaneva. Dukkhanti
bhayanti samisanti sankharati uppadadimuncanananassa karanavacanani. Evanca
lakkhanato sankharupekkham dassetva idani atthato dassetum uppado
sankhara, te sankhare ajjhupekkhatiti sankharupekkhatiadimaha. Tattha sankhare
ajjhupekkhatiti tassa araddhavipassakassa vipassanananena lakkhanattayassa ditthatta
lakkhanavicinane pahinabyaparassa aditte viya tayo bhave passato sankharaggahane
majjhattassa tam vipassanananam te sankhare visesena ca ikkhati, gahanena vajjitanca
hutva ikkhati oloketiti sankharupekkha namati attho. Yatha loke visesena
jayanto adhijayatiti annena vajjito vasanto upavasatiti vuccati. Puna sankhare
aniccadito vipassitva gahane majjhattabhavasanthitam sankharupekkhampi aniccadito
vipassitva tassapi sankharupekkhaya gahane majjhattakarasanthitaya sankharupekkhaya
sabhavato ye ca sankhara ya ca upekkhatiadi vuttam.
[55] Idani sankharupekkhaya cittabhiniharabhedam dassetum katihakarehiti-
adimaha. Tattha sankharupekkhayati bhummavacanam. Cittassa abhiniharoti
sankharupekkhalabhino tato annassa cittassa sankharupekkhabhimukham katva bhusam
haranam. Abhimukhattho hi ettha abhisaddo, bhusattho nisaddo. Katihakarehiti
pucchitam puccham atthahakarehiti vijsajjetva dutiyapucchavissajjaneneva te
atthakare dassetukamo te adassetvava puthujjanassa katihakarehitiadi
puccham akasi. Puthujjanassati ettha:-
duve puthujjana vutta buddhenadiccabandhuna
andho puthujjano eko kalyaneko puthujjanoti.
Tattha yassa khandhadhatuayatanadisu uggahaparipucchasavanadharanapaccavekkhanadini
natthi, ayam andhaputhujjano, yassa tani atthi, so kalyanaputhujjano. Duvidhopi
panesa:-
puthunam jananadihi karanehi puthujjano
puthujjanantogadhatta puthuvayam jano iti.
So hi puthunam nanappakaranam kilesadinam jananadihi karanehi puthujjano.
Yathaha "puthu kilese janentiti puthujjana, puthu avihatasakkayaditthikati puthujjana,
puthu sattharanam mukhullokikati puthujjana, puthu sabbagatihi avutthitati puthujjana,
puthu nanabhisankhare abhisankharontiti puthujjana, puthu nanaoghehi vuyhantiti
puthujjana, puthu nanasantapehi santappentiti puthujjana, puthu nanaparilahehi
paridayhantiti puthujjana, puthu pancasu kamagunesu ratta giddha gadhita mucchita
ajjhosanna lagga laggita palibuddhasati puthujjana, puthu pancahi nivaranehi
avuta nivutta ovuta pihita paticchanna patikujjitati puthujjanati. 1- Puthunam
@Footnote: 1 khu.maha. 29/430/289
Va gananapathatitanam ariyadhammaparammukhanam nicadhammasamacaranam jananam anto
gadhattapi puthujjana, puthu va ayam visumyeva sankham gato, visamsattho silasutadiguna-
yuttehi ariyehi janotipi puthujjano. Tesu kalyanaputhujjano idhadhippeto
itarassa bhavanaya eva abhava.
Sekkhassati ettha satta sekkha sotapattimaggaphalasakadagamimaggaphala-
anagamimaggaphalaarahattamaggattha. Te hi tissopi sikkha sikkhantiti sekkha. Tesu
sotapattisakadagamianagamiphalattha tayo idhadhippeta maggatthanam sankharupekkhaya
cittabhiniharabhava.
Vitaragassati ettha samucchedaviggamena vigato rago assati vitarago.
Arahato etam adhivacanam. Tisupi padesu jatiggahanena ekavacanam katam.
Sankharupekkham abhinandatiti tasmim upekkhavihare phasuviharasannam patilabhitva
phasuviharanikantiya sankharupekkhabhimukho hutva nandati, sappitikam tanham
uppadeti attho. Vipassatiti sotapattimaggappatilabhattham aniccadivasena vividha
passati, sekkho uparimaggattham, vitarago ditthadhammasukhaviharattham vipassati.
Patisankhayati aniccadivaseneva upaparikkhitva. Yasma pana sotapannadayo ariya sakam
sakam phalasamapattim samapajjamana udayabbayananadihi navahi vipassanananehi
avipassitva samapajjitum na sakkonti, tasma patisankhaya va phalasamapattim
samapajjantiti vuttam.
Phalasamapattiya pavattidassanattham pana tesam idam panhakammam:- ka
phalasamapatti, ke tam samapajjanti, ke na samapajjanti, kasma samapajjanti,
kathancassa samapajjanam hoti katham thanam, katham vutthanam, kim phalassa anantaram,
kassa ca phalam anantaranti?
Tattha ka phalasamapattiti? ya ariyaphalassa nirodhe appana.
Ke tam samapajjanti, ke na samapajjantiti? sabbepi puthujjana na
samapajjanti. Kasma? anadhigatatta. Ariya pana sabbepi samapajjanti.
Kasma? adhigatatta. Uparima pana hetthimam na samapajjanti puggalantarabhavupagamanena
patippassaddhatta, hetthima ca uparimam anadhigatatta. Attano attanoyeva pana
phalam sabbepi samapajjantiti idamettha sannitthanam.
Keci pana "sotapannasakadagaminopi na samapajjanti, uparima dveyeva
samapajjanti"ti vadanti. Idanca nesam karanam:- ete hi samadhismim
paripurakarinoti. Tam puthujjanassapi attana patiladdham lokiyasamadhim samapajjanato
akaranameva, kincettha karanakaranacintaya. Nanu idheva paliyam "katame dasa
sankharupekkha vipassanavasena uppajjanti, 1- katame dasa gotrabhudhamma vipassanavasena
uppajjanti"ti 2- imesam panhanam vissajjane "sotapattiphalasamapattatthaya
sakadagamiphalasamapattatthaya"ti visum visum vutta. Tasma sabbepi ariya attano
phalam samapajjantiti nitthamettha gantabbam.
Kasma samapajjantiti? ditthadhammasukhaviharattham. Yatha hi rajano rajjasukham,
Devata dibbasukhamanubhavanti, evam ariya "lokuttarasukham anubhavissama"ti
addhanaparicchedam katva icchiticchitakkhane phalasamapattim samapajjanti.
Kathancassa samapajjanam hoti, katham thanam, katham vutthananti? dvihi tava
Akarehi assa samapajjanam hoti nibbanato annassa arammanassa amanasikara,
nibbanassa ca manasikaRa. Yathaha "dve kho avuso paccaya animittaya
cetovimuttiya samapattiya sabbanimittananca amanasikaro, animittaya ca dhatuya
@Footnote: 1 khu.pati. 31/57/66 2 khu.pati. 31/60/69
Manasikaro"ti. Ayam panettha samapajjanakkamo:- phalasamapattatthikena hi
ariyasavakena rahogatena patisallinena udayabbayadivasena sankhara vipassitabba. Tassa
pavattanupubbavipassanassa sankhararammanagotrabhunananantaram phalasamapattivasena
nirodhe cittam appeti. Phalasamapattininnataya cettha sekkhassapi phalameva uppajjati,
na maggo. Ye pana vadanti "sotapanno `phalasamapattim samapajjissami'ti vipassanam
patthapetva sakadagami hoti, sakadagami ca anagami"ti te vattabba "evam
sati anagami araha bhavissati, araha paccekabuddho, paccekabuddho ca buddho"ti
tasma na kinci etam, palivaseneva ca patikkhittantipi na gahetabbam. Idameva
pana gahetabbam. Sekkhassapi phalameva uppajjati. Na maggo. Phalancassa sace anena
pathamajjhaniko maggo adhigato hoti, pathamajjhanikameva uppajjati, sace dutiyadisu
annatarajjhaniko dutiyadisu annatarajjhanikamevati evam tavassa
samapajjanam hoti.
"tayo kho avuso paccaya animittaya cetovimuttiya thitiya
sabbanimittananca amanasikaro, animittaya ca dhatuya manasikaro, pubbe ca
abhisankharo"ti vacanato panassa tihakarehi thanam hoti. Tattha pubbe ca
abhisankharoti samapattito pubbe kalaparicchedo. "asukasmim nama kale
vutthahissami"ti paricchinnatta hissa yava so kalo nagacchati, tava thanam
hoti. Evamassa thanam hoti.
"dve kho avuso paccaya animittaya cetovimuttiya vutthanaya
sabbanimittananca manasikaro, animittaya ca dhatuya amanasikaro"ti 1- vacanato panassa
dvihakarehi vutthanam hoti. Tattha sabbanimittananti rupanimittavedanasanna-
sankharavinnananimittanam. Kamanca na sabbanevetani ekato manasikaroti,
@Footnote: 1 Ma.mu. 12/458/407
Sabbasangahikavasena panetam vuttam. Tasma yam bhavangassa arammanam hoti, tam manasikaroto
phalasamapattito vutthanam hotiti evamassa vutthanam veditabbam.
Kim phalassa anantaram, kassa ca phalam anantaranti? phalassa tava phalameva
Va anantaram hoti bhavangam va. Phalam pana atthi magganantaram, atthi phalanantaram,
atthi gotrabhuanantaram, atthi nevasannanasannayatananantaranti. Tattha maggavithiyam
magganantaram, purimassa purimassa pacchimam pacchimam phalanantaram, phalasamapattisu purimam
purimam gotrabhuanantaram. Gotrabhuti cettha anulomam veditabbam. Vuttam hetam patthane
"arahato anulomam phalasamapattiya anantarapaccayena paccayo. Sekkhanam anulomam
phalasamapattiya anantarapaccayena paccayo"ti. 1- Yena phalena nirodha vutthanam hoti,
tam nevasannanasannayatananantaranti. Tattha thapetva maggavithiyam uppannaphalam
avasesam sabbam phalasamapattivasena pavattam nama. Evametam maggavithiyam phalasamapattiyam
va uppajjanavasena:-
patipassaddhadaratham amatarammanam subham
vantalokamisam santam samannaphalamuttamanti.
Ayamettha phalasamapattikatha.
Tadajjhupekkhitvati tam sankharupekkham annena tadiseneva vipassanananena
ajjhupekkhitva. Sunnataviharenevatiadisu phalasamapattim vina vipassanavihareneva
viharitukamassa arahato attabhinivesam bhayato disva sunnatadhimuttassa sankharupekkhaya
vayam passantassa vipassanattayaviharo sunnataviharo nama, sankharanimittam bhayato
disva animittadhimuttassa sankharupekkhaya vayam passantassa vipassanattayaviharo
animit taviharo nama, tanhapanidhim bhayato disva appanihitadhimuttassa
@Footnote: 1 abhi.pa. 40/418/129
Sankharupekkhaya vayam passantassa vipassanattayaviharo appanihitaviharo nama. Tatha
hi parato vuttam:-
"abhinivesam bhayato sampassamano sunnate adhimuttatta phussa
phussa vayam passati, sunnato viharo. Nimittam bhayato sampassamano
animitte adhimuttatta phussa phussa vayam passati, animitto viharo.
Panidhim bhayato sampassamano appanihite adhimuttatta phussa phussa
vayam passati, appanihito viharo"ti. 1-
Chalangupekkhasambhavena patikule appatikulasannadiviharasabhavena ca arahatoyeva
sabbakarena cittam vase vattati tato ayam vipassanaviharo arahatoyeva ijjhatiti
vuttam hoti. Vitarago sankharupekkham vipassati vati ettha pana tidha ca bhayam,
tidha ca adhimuttim anapajjitva kevalam vipassanati veditabba. Evam hi sati
pubbaparaviseso hoti.
[56] Idani dvinnam tinnam puggalanam vasena sankharupekkhaya ekatta-
nanattabhedam dassetukamo katham puthujjanassa ca sekkhassa catiadimaha. Tattha
cittassa abhiniharo ekattam hotiti eko hoti, sakatthe bhavavacananti veditabbam.
Yatha idappaccaya eva idappaccayatati vuttam, tatha eko eva ekattam. Abhiniharoti
samiatthe paccattavacanam va, abhiniharassati attho. "so deso sammajjitva"ti-
adisu 2- viya vibhattivipallaso katoti veditabbo. Cittam kilissatiti vipassana-
nikantisankhatena lobhakilesena cittam kilisati, tapiyati badhiyatiti attho. Bhavanaya
paripantho hotiti patiladdhaya vipassanabhavanaya upaghato hoti. Pativedhassa antarayo
hotiti vipassanabhavanaya patilabhitabbassa saccappativedhassa patilabhantarayo hoti.
@Footnote: 1 khu.pati. 31/78/96 2 vi.maha. 4/168/177
Ayatim patisandhiya paccayo hotiti sankharupekkhasampayuttakammassa balavatta
teneva sugatipatisandhiya diyamanaya abhinandanasankhato lobhakileso anagate
kamavacarasugatipatisandhiya paccayo hoti. Yasma kilesasahayam kammam vipakam janeti,
tasma kammam janakapaccayo hoti. Kileso upatthambhakapaccayo. Sekkhassa pana
uttarippativedhassati sakadagamimaggadivasena saccappativedhassa. Ayatim patisandhiya
paccayo hotiti sekkhesu sotapannasakadagaminam anadhiggatajjhananam sankharupekkha-
kammena diyamanaya kamavacarasugatipatisandhiya abhinandanakileso paccayo hoti,
jhanalabhinam pana anagamissa ca brahmalokeyeva patisandhanato paccayo na hoti,
anulomagotrabhuhi ca diyamanaya patisandhiya ayameva kileso paccayo hotiti veditabbo.
Aniccatoti hutva abhavatthena aniccantikataya adiantavantataya ca
aniccato. Dukkhatoti abhinham patipilayatthena uppadavayappatipilanataya dukkha-
vatthutaya ca dukkhato. Anattatoti avasavattanatthena paccayayattavuttitaya
saminivasikarakavedakabhavena ca anattato. Anupassanatthenati anu anu
aniccadito passanatthena. Abhiniharo nanattam hotiti abhiniharo nana
hotiti va abhiniharassa nanabhavo hotiti va veditabbam.
Kusalati arogyatthena anavajjatthena kosallasambhutatthena. Abyakatati
kusalakusalabhavena na byakata. Kincikale suviditati vipassanakale sutthu vidita.
Kincikale na suviditati abhinandanakale sutthu vidita. Accantam suviditati
abhinandanaya pahinatta ekantena suviditati. Viditatthena ca aviditatthena cati
ettha puthujjanasekkhanam suviditatthopi vitaragassa accantasuviditatthopi
viditatthova hoti, dvinnampi suviditattho aviditatthova.
Atittattati vipassanaya karaniyassa apariyositatta appanitabhavena. Tabbiparitena
tittatta. Tinnam sannojananam pahanayati sakkayaditthivicikicchasilabbataparamasanam
Paharattham. Pacchimabhavikapi bodhisatta ettheva sangaham gacchanti
apacchimabhavika pana vipassanam sankharupekkham papetva thapenti. Sotapattimaggam
patilabhatthayati asamasetva pathanti, samasetva patho sundarataro. Sekkho
tinnam sannojananam pahinattati sotapannasakadagamianagaminam samannena
vuttam. Sakadagamianagaminampi hi tani pahinaneva. Uttaripatilabhatthayati
uparuparimaggappatilabhattham. Ditthadhammasukhaviharatthayati ditthe dhamme paccakkhe
attabhave yo sukho viharo, tadatthaya. Viharasamapattatthenati sekkhassa
phalasamapattatthena, vitaragassa vipassanaviharaphalasamapattatthena.
[57] Idani sankharupekkhanam gananaparicchedam dassetum kati
sankharupekkhatiadimaha. Tattha samathavasenati samadhivasena. Ayameva va patho.
Nivarane patisankhati panca nivaranani pahatabbabhavena pariggahetva. Santitthanati
nivarananam pahanabhimukhibhutatta tesam pahanepi abyaparabhavupagamanena majjhattataya
santitthana. Sankharupekkhasuti nivaranappahane byaparakaranena nivaranasankhatanam
sankharanam upekkhanasu. Esa nayo vitakkavicaradisu uppadadisu 1- ca. Samathe
sankharupekkha nama appanavithiya asannapubbabhage balappattabhavanamayananam.
Sotapattimaggam patilabhatthayatiadisu catusu maggavaresu sunnatanimitta-
appanihitamagganam annatarannataro 2- maggo labbhati. Sotapattiphalasamapattatthayati-
adisu catusu phalavaresu pana appanihitaphalasamapatti veditabba. Kasma?
"sunnataviharasamapattatthaya animittaviharasamapattatthaya"ti itarasam dvinnam
phalasamapattinam visum vuttatta. Aniccanupassana vutthanavasena hi animittamaggo,
tatheva phalasamapattikale animittaphalasamapatti, dukkhanupassana vutthanavasena
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. ayam patho na dissati 2 Ma. annataro
Appanihitamaggaphalasamapattiyo, anattanupassana vutthanavasena sunnatamaggaphalasamapattiyo
suttantanayeneva veditabba.
Ettha ca catusu maggavaresu uppadantiadini panca mulapadani, gatintiadini
dasa vevacanapadaniti pannarasa padani vuttani. Chasu pana phalasamapattivaresu
panca mulapadaneva vuttani. Tam kasma iti ce? sankharupekkhaya tikkhabhave
sati kilesappahane samatthassa maggassa sambhavato tassa tikkhabhavadassanattham
vevacanapadehi saha dalham katva mulapadani vuttani. Phalassa nirussahabhavena
santasabhavatta maggayattatta ca mandabhutapi sankharupekkha phalassa paccayo
hotiti dassanattham mulapadaneva vuttaniti veditabbani.
[58] Idani jativasena pucchitva labbhamanavasena vissajjetum kati
sankharupekkha kusalatiadimaha. Tattha pannarasa sankharupekkhati samathavasena
attha, catunnam magganam tinnam phalanam vasena sattati pannarasa. Samathavasena
attha sankharupekkha arahato nivaranapatisankhaabhavato, vitakkavicaradinam
pahanabyaparam vina sukhena pahanato ca sankharupekkhanamassa ananurupati katva
tasam abyakatata na vuttati veditabba. Arahata pana phalasamapattim samapajjantena
sankharupekkham vina samapajjitum na sakkati tisso sankharupekkha abyakatati
vutta. Appanihitasunnatanimittavasena hi arahato tisso sankharupekkha.
Idani sankharupekkhanam samvannanavasena vuttasu tisu gathasu patisankha
santitthaya pannati sankharupekkha. Attha cittassa gocarati samathavasena
vutta attha sankharupekkha samadhissa visaya, bhumiyoti attho. "cittam pannanca
bhavayan"tiadisu 1- viya cittasisena samadhi niddittho, "gocare bhikkhave caratha sake
@Footnote: 1 sam. 1/13/167
Pettike visaye"tiadisu 1- viya gocarasaddena visayo. Yam hi yadayattam,
tasseso visayoti vuccati. Puthujjanassa dveti samathavasena vipassanavasena ca. Tayo
sekkhassati samathavipassanasamapattivasena. Tayo ca vitaragassati appanihita-
sunnatanimittaphalasamapattivasena. "tisso"ti vattabbe "tayo"ti ca lingavipallaso
kato. Tayo sankharupekkha dhammati va yojetabbam. Yehi cittam vivattatiti yehi
sankharupekkhadhammehi vitakkavicaradito, uppadadito va cittam apagacchati.
Vitaragassapi hi sankharupekkhasabhavato ca sankharato cittam vivattitva nibbanam
pakkhandatiti vuttam hoti. Attha samadhissa paccayati samathavasena vutta attha
appanasampapakatta appanasamadhissa paccaya. Dasa nanassa gocarati
vipassanavasena vutta dasa maggananassa phalananassa ca bhumiyo. Tinnam
vimokkhanapaccayati sunnatanimittaapanihitavimokkhanam upanissayapaccayena paccayo.
Nanaditthisu na kampatiti bhangam avissajjitvava sankhare aniccadivasena
vipassanto 2- sassataditthiadisu nanappakarasu ditthisu na vedhatiti.
Sankharupekkhanananiddesavannana nitthita.
------------
The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 47 page 283-293.
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=47&A=6330&modeTY=2
อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=47&A=6330&modeTY=2
อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=31&i=120
เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=31&A=1434
พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=31&A=1711
The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=31&A=1711
Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 31
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_31
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