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บทนำ พระวินัยปิฎก พระสุตตันตปิฎก พระอภิธรรมปิฎก ค้นพระไตรปิฎก ชาดก หนังสือธรรมะ
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Atthakatha Book 54 : PALI ROMAN Vibhaṅga.A. (sammoha.)

                           4. Saccavibhaṅga
                       1. Suttantabhājanīyavaṇṇanā
     [189] Idāni tadanantare saccavibhaṅge cattārīti gaṇanaparicchedo. Ariyasaccānīti
paricchinnadhammanidassanaṃ. Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccantiādimhi pana uddesavāre:-
            vibhāgato nibbacana-          lakkhaṇādippabhedato
            atthatthuddhārato ceva        anūnādhikato tathā.
            Kamato ariyasaccesu          yaṃ ñāṇaṃ tassa kiccato
            antogadhānaṃ pabhedā         upamāto catukkato.
            Suññatekavidhādīhi            sabhāgavisabhāgato
            vinicchayo veditabbo         viññunā sāsanakkame.
     Tattha vibhāgatoti dukkhādīnaṃ hi cattāro cattāro atthā vibhattā tathā
avitathā anaññathā, ye dukkhādīni abhisamentehi abhisametabbā. Yathāha "dukkhassa
pīḷanaṭṭho saṅkhataṭṭho santāpaṭṭho vipariṇāmaṭṭho, ime cattāro dukkhassa dukkhaṭṭhā
tathā avitathā anaññathā, samudayassa āyūhanaṭṭho nidānaṭṭho saṃyogaṭṭho
palibodhanaṭṭho .pe. Nirodhassa nissaraṇaṭṭho vivekaṭṭho asaṅkhataṭṭho amataṭṭho
.pe. Maggassa niyyānaṭṭho hetvaṭṭho dassanaṭṭho ādhipateyyaṭṭho, ime
cattāro maggassa maggaṭṭhā tathā avitathā anaññathā"ti. 1- Tathā "dukkhassa
pīḷanaṭṭho saṅkhataṭṭho santāpaṭṭho vipariṇāmaṭṭho abhisamayaṭṭhoti "2- evamādi. Iti
evaṃ vibhattānaṃ catunnaṃ catunnaṃ atthānaṃ vasena dukkhādīni veditabbānīti. Ayaṃ
tāvettha vibhāgato vinicchayo veditabbo.
     Nibbacanalakkhaṇādippabhedatoti ettha pana nibbacanato tāva idha duiti
ayaṃ saddo kucchite dissati. Kucchitaṃ hi puttaṃ duputtoti vadanti. Khaṃsaddo pana
@Footnote: 1 khu. paṭi. 31/545/449 (syā)    2 khu. paṭi. 31/549/454 (syā)
Tucche. Tucchaṃ hi ākāsaṃ khanti vuccati, idaṃ pana 1- paṭhamasaccaṃ kucchitaṃ
anekūpaddavādhiṭṭhānato, tucchaṃ bālajanaparikappitadhuvasubhasukhattabhāvavirahitato. Tasmā
kucchitattā ca tucchattā ca dukkhanti vuccati. Saṃiti ca ayaṃ saddo "samāgamo
sametan"tiādīsu 2- saṃyogaṃ dīpeti, uiti  ayaṃ saddo "uppannaṃ
uditan"tiādīsu 3- uppattiṃ. Ayasaddo pana kāraṇaṃ dīpeti. Idañcāpi dutiyasaccaṃ
avasesapaccayasamāyoge sati dukkhassuppattikāraṇaṃ. Iti dukkhassa saṃyoge
uppattikāraṇattā dukkhasamudayanti vuccati.
     Tatiyasaccaṃ pana yasmā nisaddo abhāvaṃ, rodhasaddo ca cārakaṃ dīpeti.
Tasmā abhāvo ettha saṃsāracārakasaṅkhātassa dukkharodhassa sabbagatisuññattā,
samadhigate vā tasmiṃ saṃsāracārakasaṅkhātassa dukkhanirodhassa abhāvo hoti
tappaṭipakkhattāpi dukkhanirodhanti vuccati. Dukkhassa vā anuppādanirodhapaccayattā
dukkhanirodhanti. Catutthasaccaṃ pana yasmā etaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ gacchati ārammaṇavasena
tadabhimukhībhūtattā, paṭipadā ca hoti dukkhanirodhappattiyā, tasmā
dukkhanirodhagāminīpaṭipādāti vuccati.
     Yasmā panetāni buddhādayo ariyā paṭivijjhanti, tasmā ariyasaccānīti
vuccanti. Yathāha "cattārimāni bhikkhave ariyasaccāni. 4- Katamāni .pe. Imāni
kho bhikkhave cattāri ariyasaccāni. Ariyā imāni paṭivijjhanti. Tasmā ariyasaccānīti
vuccantī"ti. Apica ariyassa saccānītipi ariyasaccāni. Yathāha "sadevake bhikkhave
loke .pe. Sadevamanussāya tathāgato ariyo. Tasmā ariyasaccānīti vuccantī"ti. 4-
Athavā etesaṃ abhisambuddhattā ariyabhāvasiddhitopi ariyasaccāni. Yathāha "imesaṃ kho
bhikkhave catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhattā tathāgato arahaṃ sammāsambuddho
ariyoti vuccatī"ti. 5- Apica kho pana ariyāni saccānītipi ariyasaccāni.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. idañca       2 dī.Ma. 10/396/261, abhi. 35/199/119
@3 vinaYu. 1/172/100, khu.cūḷa. 30/743/378 (syā)   4 saṃ.Ma. 19/1098/380
@5 saṃ.Ma. 19/1093/378
Ariyānīti tathāni avitathāni avisaṃvādakānītyattho. Yathāha "imāni kho bhikkhave
cattāri ariyasaccāni tathāni avitathāni anaññathāni. Tasmā ariyasaccānīti
vuccantī"ti. 1- Evamettha nibbacanato vinicchayo veditabbo.
     Kathaṃ lakkhaṇādīppabhedato? ettha hi bādhanalakkhaṇaṃ dukkhasaccaṃ, santāpanarasaṃ,
Pavattipaccupaṭṭhānaṃ. Pabhavalakkhaṇaṃ samudayasaccaṃ, anupacchedakaraṇarasaṃ, palibodhapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ.
Santilakkhaṇaṃ nirodhasaccaṃ, acutirasaṃ, animittapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ. Niyyānalakkhaṇaṃ magga-
saccaṃ, kilesappahānakaraṇarasaṃ, vuṭṭhānapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ. Apica pavattipavattakanivattinivatta-
kalakkhaṇāni paṭipāṭiyā, tathā saṅkhatataṇhāasaṅkhatadassanalakkhaṇāni cāti. Evamettha
lakkhaṇādippabhedato vinicchayo veditabbo.
     Atthatthuddhārato cevāti ettha pana atthato tāva ko saccaṭṭhoti ce.
Yo paññācakkhunā upaparikkhamānānaṃ māyāva viparīto 2- marīciva visaṃvādako
titthiyānaṃ attāva anupalabbhasabhāvo ca na hoti, athakho bādhanapabhavasantiniyyānappakārena
tacchāviparītabhūtabhāvena ariyañāṇassa gocaro hotiyeva. Esa aggilakkhaṇaṃ
viya lokapakati viya ca tacchāviparītabhūtabhāvo saccaṭṭhoti veditabbo. Yathāha
"idaṃ dukkhanti bhikkhave tathametaṃ avitathametaṃ anaññathametan"ti 3- vitthāro.
Apica:-
            nābādhakaṃ yato dukkhaṃ        dukkhā aññaṃ na bādhakaṃ
            bādhakattaniyāmena          tato saccamidaṃ mataṃ.
            Taṃ vinā nāññato dukkhaṃ      na hoti na ca taṃ tato
            dukkhahetuniyāmena          iti saccaṃ visattikā.
            Nāññā nibbānato santi     santaṃ na ca na taṃ yato
            santabhāvaniyāmena          tato saccamidaṃ mataṃ.
@Footnote: 1 saṃ.Ma. 19/1097/380       2 Sī. viparītako        3 saṃ.Ma. 19/1090/375
            Maggā aññaṃ na niyyānaṃ      aniyyāno na cāpi so
            tacchaniyyānabhāvattā        iti so saccasammato.
            Iti tacchāvipallāsa-        bhūtabhāvaṃ catūsupi
            dukkhādīsvavisesena         saccaṭṭhaṃ āhu paṇḍitāti.
Evaṃ atthato vinicchayo veditabbo.
     Kathaṃ atthuddhārato? idhāyaṃ saccasaddo anekesu atthesu dissati.
Seyyathīdaṃ:- "saccaṃ bhaṇe na kujjheyyā"tiādīsu 1- vācāsacce. "sacce ṭhitā
samaṇabrāhmaṇā cā"tiādīsu 2- viratisacce. "kasmā nu saccāni vadanti nānā,
pavādiyāse kusalā vadānā"tiādīsu 3- diṭṭhisacce. "ekaṃ hi saccaṃ na
dutīyamatthī"tiādīsu 3- paramatthasacce nibbāne ceva magge ca. "catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ
kati kusalā"tiādīsu 4- ariyasacce. Svāyamidhāpi ariyasacce vattatīti evamettha
atthuddhāratopi vinicchayo veditabbo.
     Anūnādhikatoti kasmā pana cattāreva ariyasaccāni vuttāni anūnāni
anadhikānīti ce. Aññassāsambhavato aññatarassa ca anapaneyyabhāvato. Na hi
etehi aññaṃ adhikaṃ vā etesaṃ vā ekampi apanetabbaṃ sambhoti. Yathāha "idha
bhikkhave āgaccheyya samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā `netaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, aññaṃ
dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ. Yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ, ahametaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ
ṭhapetvā aññaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paññapessāmī'ti, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī"tiādi.
Yathā cāha "yo hi koci bhikkhave 5- samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evaṃ vadeyya
`netaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ, ahametaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ
ariyasaccaṃ paccakkhāya aññaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paññapessāmī'ti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ
vijjatī"tiādi. 6-
@Footnote: 1 khu.dha. 25/224/56       2 khu.jā. 28/358/140 (syā)
@3 khu.su. 25/891-2/508    4 abhi. 35/216/134
@5 pāli. bhante, cha.Ma. bhikkhu  6 saṃ.Ma. 19/1086/373
     Apica pavattimācikkhanto bhagavā sahetukaṃ ācikkhi, nivattiñca saupāyaṃ. Iti
pavattinivattitadubhayahetūnaṃ etaparamato cattāreva vuttāni. Tathā pariññeyya-
pahātabbasacchikātabbabhāvetabbānaṃ ca taṇhātaṇhāvatthutaṇhānirodhataṇhānirodhu-
pāyānaṃ 1- ca ālayālayarāmatāālayasamugghātaālayasamugghātupāyānaṃ ca vasenāpi
cattāreva vuttānīti evamettha anūnādhikato vinicchayo veditabbo.
     Kamatoti ayampi desanākkamova. Ettha ca oḷārikattā sabbasattasādhāraṇattā
ca suviññeyyanti dukkhasaccaṃ paṭhamaṃ vuttaṃ, tasseva hetudassanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ
samudayasaccaṃ, hetunirodhā phalanirodhoti ñāpanatthaṃ tato nirodhasaccaṃ,
tadadhigamupāyadassanatthaṃ ante maggasaccaṃ. Bhavasukhassādagadhitānaṃ vā sattānaṃ saṃvegajananatthaṃ
paṭhamaṃ dukkhamāha, taṃ neva akataṃ āgacchati, na issaranimmānādito hoti, ito
pana hotīti ñāpanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ samudayaṃ, tato sahetukena dukkhena abhibhūtattā
saṃviggamānasānaṃ dukkhanissaraṇagavesīnaṃ nissaraṇadassanena assāsajananatthaṃ
nirodhaṃ, tato nirodhādhigamatthaṃ nirodhasampāpakaṃ magganti evamettha kamatopi 2-
vinicchayo veditabbo.
     Ariyasaccesu, yaṃ ñāṇaṃ tassa kiccatoti saccañāṇassa kiccatopi vinicchayo
veditabboti attho. Duvidhañhi saccañāṇaṃ anubodhañāṇañca paṭivedhañāṇañca.
Tattha anubodhañāṇaṃ lokiyaṃ anussavādivasena nirodhe magge ca pavattati.
Paṭivedhañāṇaṃ lokuttaraṃ nirodhamārammaṇaṃ katvā kiccato cattāripi saccāni
paṭivijjhati. Yathāha "yo bhikkhave dukkhaṃ passati, dukkhasamudayampi so passati,
dukkhanirodhampi passati, dukkhanirodhagāminīpaṭipadampi passatī"ti 3- sabbampi 4-
vattabbaṃ. Yampanetaṃ lokiyaṃ, tattha dukkhañāṇaṃ pariyuṭṭhānābhibhavanavasena pavattamānaṃ
sakkāyadiṭṭhiṃ nivatteti. Samudayañāṇaṃ ucchedadiṭṭhiṃ, nirodhañāṇaṃ sassatadiṭṭhiṃ,
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. taṇhāvatthutaṇhātaṇhānirodha....     2 cha.Ma. kamato
@3 saṃ. Ma. 19/1100/381                4 cha.Ma. sabbaṃ
Maggañāṇaṃ akiriyadiṭṭhiṃ. Dukkhañāṇaṃ vā dhuvasubhasukhattabhāvarahitesu khandhesu
dhuvasubhasukhattabhāvasaññāsaṅkhātaṃ phale vippaṭipattiṃ, samudayañāṇaṃ issarapadhānakālasabhāvādīhi
loko pavattatīti akāraṇe kāraṇābhimānapavattaṃ hetumhi vippaṭipattiṃ,
nirodhañāṇaṃ arūpalokalokathupikādīsu apavaggagāhabhūtaṃ nirodhe vippaṭipattiṃ, maggañāṇaṃ
kāmasukhallikattakilamathānuyogappabhede avisuddhimagge visuddhimaggāhavasena pavattaṃ
upāye vippaṭipattiṃ nivatteti. Tenetaṃ vuccati:-
         "loke lokappabhave       lokatthagame sive ca tadupāye
          sammuyhati tāva naro      na vijānāti yāva saccānī"ti.
Evamettha ñāṇakiccatopi vinicchayo veditabbo.
     Antogadhānaṃ pabhedāti dukkhasaccasmiṃ hi ṭhapetvā taṇhañceva anāsavadhamme
ca sesā sabbadhammā antogadhā, samudayasacce chattiṃsa taṇhāvicaritāni. Nirodhasaccaṃ
asammissaṃ, maggasacce sammādiṭṭhimukhena vīmaṃsiddhipādapaññindriyapaññābaladhamma-
vicayasambojjhaṅgāni. Sammāsaṅkappāpadesena tayo nekkhammavitakkādayo,
sammāvācāpadesena cattāri vacīsucaritāni, sammākammantāpadesena tīṇi kāyasucaritāni,
sammāājīvamukhena appicchatā santuṭṭhitā ca. Sabbesaṃyeva vā etesaṃ
sammāvācākammantājīvānaṃ ariyakantasīlattā sīlassa ca saddhāhatthena
paṭiggahetabbattā tesaṃ atthitāya ca atthibhāvato saddhindriyasaddhābalachandiddhipādā,
sammāvāyāmāpadesena catubbidhasammappadhānaviriyiddhipādaviriyindriyaviriyabalaviriya-
  sambojjhaṅgāni, 1- sammāsatiapadesena catubbidhasatipaṭṭhānasatindriyasatibalasati-
sambojjhaṅgāni, sammāsamādhiapadesena savitakkasavicārādayo tayo tayo samādhī
cittasamādhisamādhindriyasamādhibalapītipassaddhisamādhiupekkhāsambojjhaṅgāni
antogadhānīti evamettha antogadhānaṃ pabhedāpi vinicchayo veditabbo.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. catubbidhasammappadhānavīriyindriYu....
     Upamātoti bhāro viya hi dukkhasaccaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, bhāranidānamiva 1- samudayasaccaṃ,
bhāranikkhepanamiva nirodhasaccaṃ, bhāranikkhepanupāyo viya maggasaccaṃ. Rogo viya ca
dukkhasaccaṃ, roganidānamiva samudayasaccaṃ, rogavūpasamo 2- viya nirodhasaccaṃ, bhesajjamiva
maggasaccaṃ. Dubbhikkhamiva vā dukkhasaccaṃ, dubbuṭṭhi viya samudayasaccaṃ, subhikkhamiva
nirodhasaccaṃ, suvuṭṭhi viya maggasaccaṃ. Apica verīveramūlaverasamugghātaverasamugghātu-
pāyehi visarukkharukkhamūlamūlopacchedatadupacchedanupāyehi bhayabhayamūlanibbhayatadadhigamupāyehi
orimatīramahoghapārimatīrataṃsampāpakavāyāmehi ca yojetvāpetāni upamāto veditabbānīti
evamettha upamāto vinicchayo veditabbo.
     Catukkatoti atthi cettha dukkhaṃ na ariyasaccaṃ, atthi ariyasaccaṃ na dukkhaṃ,
atthi dukkhañceva ariyasaccañca, atthi neva dukkhaṃ na ariyasaccaṃ. Esa nayo
samudayādīsu. Tattha maggasampayuttā dhammā sāmaññaphalāni ca "yadaniccaṃ taṃ
dukkhan"ti vacanato 3- saṅkhāradukkhatāya dukkhaṃ na ariyasaccaṃ. Nirodho ariyasaccaṃ
na dukkhaṃ. Itaraṃ pana ariyasaccadvayaṃ siyā dukkhaṃ aniccato. Na pana yassa
pariññāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati, tathattena. 4- Sabbākārena pana
upādānakkhandhapañcakaṃ dukkhañceva ariyasaccañca aññatra taṇhāya. Maggasampayuttā
dhammā sāmaññaphalāni ca yassa pariññatthaṃ bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati, tathattena
neva dukkhaṃ na ariyasaccaṃ. Evaṃ samudayādīsupi yathāyogaṃ yojetvā catukkatopettha
vinicchayo veditabbo.
     Suññatekavidhādīhīti ettha suññato tāva:- paramatthena hi sabbāneva
saccāni vedakakārakanibbutagamakābhāvato suññānīti veditabbāni. Tenetaṃ
vuccati:-
                 "dukkhameva hi na koci dukkhito
                  kārako na kiriyāva vijjati
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. bhārādānamiva           2 cha.Ma. rogūpasamo
@3 saṃ.kha. 17/15/19            4 cha.Ma. tathatthena
                  Atthi nibbuti na nibbuto pumā
                  maggamatthi gamako na vijjatī"ti.
Athavā
           dhuvasubhasukhattasuññaṃ        purimadvayamattasuññamamatapadaṃ
           dhuvasukhaattavirahito       maggo iti suññatā 1- tesu.
     Nirodhasuññāni vā tīṇi, nirodho ca sesattayasuñño. Phalasuñño vā
hettha hetu samudaye dukkhassābhāvato magge ca nirodhassa, na phalena sagabbho
pakativādīnaṃ pakati viya. Hetusuññañca phalaṃ dukkhasamudayānaṃ nirodhamaggānañca
asamavāyā, na hetusamavetaṃ phalaṃ 2- hetuphalasamavāyavādīnaṃ dviaṇukādīni viya.
Tenetaṃ vuccati:-
           tayamidha nirodhasuññaṃ       tayena tenāpi nibbuti suññā
           suñño phalena hetu      phalampi taṃ hetunā suññanti.
Evaṃ tāva suññato vinicchayo veditabbo.
     Ekavidhādīhīti sabbameva cettha dukkhaṃ ekavidhaṃ pavattibhāvato, duvidhaṃ nāma
rūpato, tividhaṃ kāmarūpārūpūpapattibhavabhedato, catubbidhaṃ catuāhārabhedato, pañcavidhaṃ
pañcupādānakkhandhabhedato. Samudayopi ekavidho pavattakabhāvato, duvidho
diṭṭhisampayuttāsampayuttato, tividho kāmabhavavibhavataṇhābhedato, catubbidho
catumaggappaheyyato, pañcavidho rūpābhinandanādibhedato, chabbidho chataṇhākāyabhedato.
Nirodhopi ekavidho asaṅkhatadhātubhāvato, pariyāyena pana duvidho saupādisesaanupādisesato,
tividho bhavattayavūpasamato, catubbidho catumaggādhigamanīyato, pañcavidho
pañcābhinandanavūpasamato, chabbidho chataṇhākāyakkhayabhedato. Maggopi ekavidho
bhāvetabbato, duvidho samathavipassanābhedato dassanabhāvanābhedato vā, tividho
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. suññato         2 cha.Ma. hetuphalaṃ
Khandhattayabhedato. Ayaṃ hi sappadesattā nagaraṃ viya rajjena gahitaṃ 1- nippadesehi
tīhi khandhehi saṅgahito. Yathāha:-
          "na kho āvuso visākha ariyena aṭṭhaṅgikena maggena tayo
        khandhā saṅgahitā. Tīhi ca kho āvuso visākha khandhehi ariyo
        aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo saṅgahito. Yā cāvuso visākha sammāvācā, yo ca
        sammākammanto, yo ca sammāājīvo, ime dhammā sīlakkhandhena
        saṅgahitā. Yo ca sammāvāyāmo, yā ca sammāsati, yo ca sammāsamādhi,
        ime dhammā samādhikkhandhena saṅgahitā. Yā ca sammādiṭṭhi, yo ca
        sammāsaṅkappo, ime dhammā paññākkhandhena saṅgahitā"ti. 2-
     Ettha hi sammāvācādayo tayo sīlameva. Tasmā te sajātito sīlakkhandhena
saṅgahitā. Kiñcāpi hi pāliyaṃ sīlakkhandheti bhummena niddeso kato,
attho pana karaṇavaseneva veditabbo. Sammāvāyāmādīsu pana tīsu samādhi attano
dhammatāya ārammaṇe ekaggabhāvena appetuṃ na sakkoti, viriye pana paggahakiccaṃ
sādhente satiyā ca apilāpanakiccaṃ sādhentiyā laddhūpakāro hutvā sakkoti.
     Tatrāyaṃ upamā:- yathā hi nakkhattaṃ kīḷissāmāti uyyānaṃ paviṭṭhesu
tīsu sahāyesu eko supupphitaṃ campakarukkhaṃ disvā hatthaṃ ukkhipitvāpi gahetuṃ na
sakkuṇeyya, athassa dutiyo onamitvā piṭṭhiṃ dadeyya. So tassa piṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhatvāpi
kampamāno gahetuṃ na sakkuṇeyya, athassa itaro aṃsakūṭaṃ upanāmeyya. So
ekassa piṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhatvā ekassa aṃsakūṭaṃ olambamāno 3- yathāruciṃ pupphāni
ocinitvā pilandhitvā nakkhattaṃ kīḷeyya. Evaṃ sampadamidaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.
     Ekato uyyānaṃ paviṭṭhā tayo sahāyā viya hi ekato jātā
sammāvāyāmādayo tayo dhammā, supupphitacampako 4- viya ārammaṇaṃ, hatthaṃ uk-
khipitvāpi gahetuṃ asakkonto viya attano dhammatāya ārammaṇe ekaggabhāvena
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. ayaṃ pāṭho na dissati       2 Ma.mū. 12/462/412
@3 cha.Ma. olubbha                4 cha.Ma. supupphitacampakarukkho
Appetuṃ asakkonto samādhi, piṭṭhiṃ datvā onatasahāyo viya vāyāmo, aṃsakūṭaṃ
datvā ṭhitasahāyo viya sati. Yathā tesu ekassa piṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhatvā ekassa aṃsakūṭaṃ
olambamāno itaro yathāruciṃ pupphaṃ gahetuṃ sakkoti, evameva viriye paggahakiccaṃ
sādhente satiyā ca apilāpanakiccaṃ sādhentiyā laddhūpakāro hutvā samādhi sakkoti
ārammaṇe ekaggabhāvena appetuṃ. Tasmā samādhiyevettha sajātito samādhikkhandhena
saṅgahito. Vāyāmasatiyo pana kiriyato saṅgahitā honti.
     Sammādiṭṭhisammāsaṅkappesupi paññā attano dhammatāya aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ
anattāti ārammaṇaṃ nicchetuṃ na sakkoti, vitakke pana ākoṭetvā ākoṭetvā
dente sakkoti. Kathaṃ? yathā hi heraññiko kahāpaṇaṃ hatthe ṭhapetvā
sabbabhāgesu oloketukāmo samānopi na cakkhutaleneva parivattetuṃ sakkoti,
aṅgulipabbehi pana parivattetvā parivattetvā ito cito ca oloketuṃ sakkoti,
evameva na paññā attano dhammatāya aniccādivasena ārammaṇaṃ nicchetuṃ
sakkoti, abhiniropanalakkhaṇena pana āhananapariyāhananarasena vitakkena
ākoṭentena viya parivattentena viya ca ādāyādāya dinnameva nicchetuṃ
sakkoti. Tasmā idhāpi sammādiṭṭhiyeva sajātito paññākkhandhena saṅgahitā.
Sammāsaṅkappo pana kiriyato saṅgahito hoti. Iti imehi tīhi khandhehi maggo
saṅgahaṃ gacchati. Tena vuttaṃ "tividho khandhattayabhedato"ti. Catubbidho
sotāpattimaggādivasena.
     Apica sabbāneva saccāni ekavidhāni avitathattā abhiññeyyattā vā.
Duvidhāni lokiyalokuttarato saṅkhatāsaṅkhatato ca. Tividhāni dassanabhāvanāhi pahātabbato
apahātabbato nevapahātabbanāpahātabbato saṅkhatāsaṅkhatato ca. Catubbidhāni
pariññeyyādibhedatoti evamettha ekavidhādīhi vinicchayo veditabbo.
     Sabhāgavisabhāgatoti sabbāneva ca saccāni aññamaññasabhāgāni avitathato
attasuññato dukkarapaṭivedhato ca. Yathāha:-
           "taṃ kiṃ maññasi ānanda, katamaṃ nu kho dukkarataraṃ vā
       durabhisambhavataraṃ vā, yo dūratova sukhumena tālacchiggaḷena asanaṃ
       atipāteyya pokhānupokhaṃ 1- avirādhitaṃ, yo vā satadhā 2- bhinnassa
       vālassa koṭiyā koṭiṃ paṭivijjheyyāti. Etadeva bhante dukkaratarañceva
       durabhisambhavatarañca, yo vā satadhā bhinnassa vālassa koṭiyā koṭiṃ
       paṭivijjheyyāti. Athakho te ānanda duppaṭivijjhataraṃ paṭivijjhanti,
       ye idaṃ dukkhanti yathābhūtaṃ paṭivijjhanti .pe. Ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminīpaṭipadāti
       yathābhūtaṃ paṭivijjhantī"ti. 3-
     Visabhāgāni salakkhaṇavavatthānato. Purimāni ca dve sabhāgāni duravagāhatthena
gambhīrattā lokiyattā sāsavattā ca, visabhāgāni phalahetubhedato pariññeyyapahātabbato
ca. Pacchimānipi dve sabhāgāni gambhīratthena duravagāhattā lokuttarattā anāsavattā
ca, visabhāgāni visayavisayībhedato sacchikātabbabhāvetabbato ca. Paṭhamatatiyāni cāpi
sabhāgāni phalāpadesato, visabhāgāni saṅkhatāsaṅkhatato. Dutiyacatutthāni cāpi
sabhāgāni hetuapadesato, visabhāgāni ekantakusalākusalato. Paṭhamacatutthāni cāpi
sabhāgāni saṅkhatato, visabhāgāni lokiyalokuttarato. Dutiyatatiyāni cāpi sabhāgāni
nevasekkhānāsekkhabhāvato, visabhāgāni sārammaṇānārammaṇato:-
             "iti evaṃ pakārehi        nayehi ca vicakkhaṇo
              vijaññā ariyasaccānaṃ       sabhāgavisabhāgatan"ti.
                   Suttantabhājanīyauddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
                       ------------------
                       1. Dukkhasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā
                            jātiniddesa
     [190] Idāni saṅkhepato uddiṭṭhāni dukkhādīni vibhajitvā dassetuṃ
ayaṃ tattha katamaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ jātipi dukkhāti niddesavāro āraddho. Tattha
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ, ka. pokkhānupokkhaṃ     2 cha. sattadhā
@3 saṃ.Ma. 19/1115/394
Jāti veditabbā, jātiyā dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo. Jarā, maraṇaṃ, soko, paridevo,
dukkhaṃ, domanassaṃ, upāyāso, appiyasampayogo, piyavippayogo veditabbo.
Appiyasampayogassa piyavippayogassa dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo, icchā veditabbā,
icchāya dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo. Khandhā veditabbā, khandhānaṃ dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo.
     Tattha dukkhassa ariyasaccassa kathanatthāya ayaṃ mātikā:- idaṃ hi dukkhaṃ
nāma anekannānappakārakaṃ. Seyyathīdaṃ? dukkhadukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadukkhaṃ saṅkhāradukkhaṃ
paṭicchannadukkhaṃ appaṭicchannadukkhaṃ pariyāyadukkhaṃ nippariyāyadukkhanti.
     Tattha kāyikacetasikā dukkhā vedanā sabhāvato ca nāmato ca dukkhattā
dukkhadukkhaṃ nāma. Sukhā vedanā vipariṇāmena dukkhuppattihetuto vipariṇāmadukkhaṃ
nāma. Upekkhāvedanā ceva avasesā ca tebhūmikā saṅkhārā udayabbayapīḷitattā
saṅkhāradukkhaṃ nāma. Tathā pīḷanampana maggaphalānampi atthi. Tasmā ete dhammā
dukkhasaccapariyāpannattena saṅkhāradukkhaṃ nāmāti veditabbā.
Kaṇṇasūladantasūlarāgajapariḷāhadosajapariḷāhādiko kāyikacetasikābādho pucchitvā
jānitabbato upakkamassa ca apākaṭabhāvato paṭicchannadukkhaṃ nāma. Apākaṭadukkhantipi
vuccati. Dvattiṃsakammakaraṇādisamuṭṭhāno ābādho apucchitvāva jānitabbato upakkamassa
ca pākaṭabhāvato appaṭicchannadukkhaṃ nāma. Pākaṭadukkhantipi vuccati. Ṭhapetvā
dukkhadukkhaṃ sesaṃ dukkhasaccavibhaṅge āgataṃ jātiādi sabbampi tassa tassa dukkhassa
vatthubhāvato pariyāyadukkhaṃ nāma. Dukkhadukkhaṃ nippariyāyadukkhaṃ nāma.
      Tattha pariyāyadukkhaṃ nippariyāyadukkhanti imasmiṃ padadvaye ṭhatvā dukkhaṃ
ariyasaccaṃ kathetabbaṃ. Ariyasaccaṃ ca nāmetaṃ pāliyaṃ saṅkhepatopi āgacchati
vitthāratopi. Saṅkhepato āgataṭṭhāne saṅkhepenapi vitthārenapi kathetuṃ vaṭṭati,
vitthārato āgataṭṭhāne pana vitthāreneva kathetuṃ vaṭṭati, na saṅkhepena. Taṃ
idaṃ imasmiṃ ṭhāne vitthārena āgatanti vitthāreneva kathetabbaṃ. Tasmā yantaṃ
niddesavāre "tattha katamaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, jātipi dukkhā"tiādīni padāni gahetvā
"jāti veditabbā, jātiyā dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo"tiādi vuttaṃ, tattha jātiādīni
tāva "tattha katamā jāti, yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye
jātī"ti 1- imassa pana padabhājanīyassa vasena veditabbāni.
     [191] Tatrāyaṃ atthavaṇṇanā:- tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānanti ayaṃ saṅkhepato
anekesaṃ sattānaṃ sādhāraṇaniddeso. Yā devadattassa jāti, yā somadattassāti 2-
evaṃ 3- divasampi kathiyamāne neva sattā pariyādānaṃ gacchanti, na sabbaṃ
aparatthadīpanaṃ sijjhati. Imehi pana dvīhi padehi na koci satto pariyādinno 4-
hoti, na kiñci aparatthadīpanaṃ na sijjhati. Tena vuttaṃ "yā tesaṃ tesaṃ
sattānan"ti. Tamhi tamhīti ayaṃ gatijātivasena 5- anekesaṃ sattanikāyānaṃ
sādhāraṇaniddeso. Sattanikāyeti sattānaṃ nikāye, sattaghaṭāyaṃ sattasamūhetyattho.
     Jātīti ayaṃ jātisaddo anekattho. Tathā hesa "ekampi jātiṃ dvepi
jātiyo"ti 6- ettha bhave āgato. "atthi visākhe nigaṇṭhā nāma samaṇajātikā"ti 7-
ettha nikāye. "tiriyā nāma tiṇajāti nābhiyā uggantvā nabhaṃ āhacca ṭhitā
ahosī"ti 8- ettha paññattiyaṃ. "jāti dvīhi khandhehi saṅgahitā"ti 9- ettha
saṅkhatalakkhaṇe. "yaṃ bhikkhave mātu kucchismiṃ paṭhamaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ paṭhamaṃ viññāṇaṃ
pātubhūtaṃ, tadupādāya sāvassa jātī"ti 10- ettha paṭisandhiyaṃ, "sampatijāto
ānanda bodhisatto"ti 11- ettha pasūtiyaṃ. "anupakkuṭṭho jātivādenā"ti 12-
ettha kule. "yatohaṃ bhagini ariyāya jātiyā jāto"ti 13- ettha ariyasīle.
Idha panāyaṃ savikārakesu paṭhamābhinibbattakkhandhesu vaṭṭati. Tasmā jāyanakajātīti 14-
idamettha sabhāvapaccattaṃ. Sañjāyanavasena sañjātīti upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ.
Okkamanavasena okkanti. Jāyanaṭṭhena vā jāti. Sā aparipuṇṇāyatanavasena
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. jāti sañjātīti     2 cha.Ma. somadattassa jātīti    3 cha.Ma. evañhi
@4 cha.Ma. apariyādinno      5 Sī. jātigativasena
@6 vinaYu. 1/12/5, Ma.Ma. 13/257/231   7 aṅ. tika. 20/71/200
@8 aṅ. pañcaka. 22/196/268 (syā)     9. abhi. 36/71/13
@10 vinaYu. 4/124/135               11 Ma.u. 14/207/173
@12 dī.Sī. 9/331/129               13 Ma.Ma. 13/351/335
@14 cha.Ma. jāyamānakavasena jātīti
Yuttā. 1- Sañjāyanaṭṭhena sañjāti. Sā paripuṇṇāyatanavasena yuttā.
Okkamanaṭṭhena okkanti. Sā aṇḍajajalāmbujavasena yuttā. Te hi
aṇḍakosañca vatthikosañca okkamanti. Okkamantāpi pavisantā viya ca 2-
paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhanti. Abhinibbattanaṭṭhena abhinibbatti. Sā saṃsedajopapātikavasena
yuttā. Te hi pākaṭāyeva hutvā nibbattanti. Ayaṃ tāva sammatikathā. 3-
     Idāni paramatthakathā hoti. Khandhāeva hi paramatthato pātubhavanti, na
sattā. Tattha ca khandhānanti ekavokārabhave ekassa, catuvokārabhave catunnaṃ,
pañcavokārabhave pañcannaṃ gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Pātubhāvoti uppatti. Āyatanānanti
ettha tatra tatra uppajjamānāyatanavasena saṅgaho veditabbo. Paṭilābhoti
santatiyaṃ pātubhāvoyeva. Pātubhavantāniyeva hi tāni paṭiladdhāni nāma honti.
Ayaṃ vuccati jātīti ayaṃ jāti nāma kathiyati. Sā panesā tattha tattha bhave
paṭhamābhinibbattilakkhaṇā, niyyātanarasā, atītabhavato idha ummujjanapaccupaṭṭhānā
phalavasena dukkhavicittatāpaccupaṭṭhānā vā.
     Idāni jātiyā dukkhaṭṭho veditabboti ayaṃ hi jāti sayaṃ na dukkhā,
dukkhuppattiyā pana vatthubhāvena dukkhāti vuttā. Kataradukkhassa panāyaṃ vatthūti.
Yantaṃ bālapaṇḍitasuttādīsu 4- bhagavatāpi upamāvasena pakāsitaṃ āpāyikadukkhaṃ,
yañca sugatiyaṃ manussaloke gabbhokkantimūlakādibhedaṃ dukkhaṃ uppajjati, tassa
sabbassāpi esā vatthu. Tatridaṃ gabbhokkantimūlakādibhedaṃ dukakhaṃ:- ayaṃ hi
satto mātu kucchimhi nibbattamāno na uppalapadumapuṇḍarīkādīsu nibbattati,
athakho heṭṭhā āmāsayassa upari pakkāsayassa udarapaṭalapiṭṭhikaṇṭakānaṃ vemajjhe
paramasambādhe tibbandhakāre nānākuṇapagandhaparibhāvite asuciparamaduggandhapavanavicarite
adhimattajegucche kucchippadese pūtimacchapūtikummāsacandanikādīsu kimi viya
nibbattati. So tattha nibbatto dasa māse mātu kucchisambhavena usmanā puṭapākaṃ viya
@Footnote: 1 Sī. vuttā           2 cha.Ma. ca-saddo na dissati
@3 cha.Ma. sammutikathā      4 Ma.u. 14/246/213 (ādito passitabbaṃ)
Paccamāno piṭṭhapiṇḍi viya sediyamāno sammiñjanapasāraṇādirahito adhimattaṃ
dukkhaṃ paccanubhotīti idaṃ tāva gabbhokkantimūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ.
     Yampana so mātu sahasā upakkhalanagamananisīdanavuṭṭhānaparivattanādīsu
surādhuttahatthagato eḷakapotako 1- viya ahituṇḍikahatthagato sappapotako viya ca
ākaḍḍhanaparikaḍḍhanaodhunananiddhunanādinā upakkamena adhimattaṃ dukkhamanubhavati, yañca
mātu sītūdakapānakāle sītanarakupapanno viya uṇhayāgubhattādiajjhoharaṇakāle
aṅgāravuṭṭhisamparikiṇṇo viya loṇambilādiajjhoharaṇakāle khārapaṭicchakādi-
kammakaraṇappatto viya tibbaṃ dukkhamanubhavati, 2- idaṃ gabbhapariharaṇamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ.
     Yaṃ panassa mūḷhagabbhāya mātuyā mittāmaccasuhajjādīhipi adassanārahe dukkhup-
pattiṭṭhāne chedanaphālanādīhi dukkhaṃ uppajjati, idaṃ gabbhavipattimūlakaṃ dukakhaṃ.
Yaṃ vijāyamānāya mātuyā kammajehi vātehi parivattetvā narakapapātaṃ viya atibhayānakaṃ
yonimaggaṃ paṭipāṭiyamānassa narakasattassa viya ca saṅghāṭapabbatehi vicuṇṇiyamānassa
dukkhaṃ uppajjati, idaṃ vijāyanamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ. Yaṃ pana jātassa taruṇavaṇasadisassa
sukumārasarīrassa hatthagahaṇanahāpanadhovanacoḷaparimajjanādikāle sūcimukhakhuradhārāhi
vijjhanaphālanasadisaṃ dukkhaṃ uppajjati, idaṃ mātu kucchito bahi nikkhamanamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ.
Yaṃ tato paraṃ pavattiyaṃ attanāva attānaṃ vadhantassa aceḷakavattādivasena
ātāpanaparitāpanānuyogamanuyuttassa kodhavasena abhuñjantassa ubbandhantassa ca dukkhaṃ
hoti, idaṃ attūpakkamamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ.
     Yaṃ pana parato vadhabandhanādīni anubhavantassa dukkhaṃ uppajjati, idaṃ
parūpakkamamūlakaṃ dukkhanti. Iti imassa sabbassāpi dukkhassa ayaṃ jāti vatthumeva
hoti. Tenetaṃ vuccati:-
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. eḷako     2 cha.Ma. dukkhamanubhoti     3 cha.Ma. mahānāgassa
                  "jāyetha no ce narakesu satto
                   tatthaggidāhādikamappasayhaṃ
                   labhetha dukkhaṃ na kuhiṃ patiṭṭhaṃ
                   iccāha dukkhāti munīdha jātiṃ.
                   Dukkhaṃ tiracchesu kasāpatoda-
                   daṇḍābhighātādibhavaṃ anekaṃ
                   yantaṃ kathaṃ tattha bhaveyya jātiṃ
                   vinā tahiṃ jāti tatopi dukkhā.
                   Petesu dukkhaṃ pana khuppipāsā-
                   vātātapādippabhavaṃ vicittaṃ
                   yasmā ajātassa na tattha atthi
                   tasmāpi dukkhaṃ muni jātimāha.
                   Tibbandhakāre ca asayhasīte
                   lokantare yaṃ asuresu dukkhaṃ
                   na taṃ bhave tattha na cassa jāti
                   yato ayaṃ jāti tatopi dukkhā.
                   Yañcāpi gūthanarake viya mātu gabbhe
                   satto vasaṃ ciramato bahi nikkhamanañca
                   pappoti dukkhamatighoramidampi natthi
                   jātiṃ vinā itipi jātirayaṃ hi dukkhā.
                   Kiṃ bhāsitena bahunā nanu yaṃ kuhiñci
                   atthīdha kiñcirapi dukkhamidaṃ kadāci
                   nevatthi jātivirahe yadato mahesi
                   dukkhāti sabbapaṭhamaṃ imamāha jātin"ti.
                            Jarāniddesa
     [192] Jarāniddese jarāti sabhāvapaccattaṃ. Jīraṇatāti ākāraniddeso.
Khaṇḍiccantiādayo tayo kālātikkame kiccaniddesā, pacchimā dve pakatiniddesā.
Ayaṃ hi jarāti iminā padena sabhāvato dīpitā, tenassā idaṃ sabhāvapaccattaṃ.
Jīraṇatāti iminā ākārato. Tenassāyaṃ ākāraniddeso. Khaṇḍiccanti iminā
kālātikkame dantanakhānaṃ khaṇḍitabhāvakaraṇakiccato. Pāliccanti iminā kesalomānaṃ
palitabhāvakaraṇakiccato. Valittacatāti iminā maṃsaṃ milāpetvā tace valitabhāvakaraṇakiccato
dīpitā. Tenassā ime khaṇḍiccantiādayo tayo kālātikkame kiccaniddesā.
Tehi imesaṃ vikārānaṃ dassanavasena pākaṭībhūtāti pākaṭajarā dassitā. Yatheva hi
udakassa vā vātassa vā aggino vā tiṇarukkhādīnaṃ saṃbhaggapalibhaggatāya vā
jhāmatāya vā gatamaggo pākaṭo hoti, na ca so gatamaggo tāneva udakādīni,
evameva jarāya dantādīsu khaṇḍiccādivasena gatamaggo pākaṭo, cakkhuṃ ummiletvāpi
gayhati. Na ca khaṇḍiccādīneva jaRā. Na hi jarā cakkhuviññeyyā hoti.
     Āyuno saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paripākoti imehi pana padehi kālātikkameyeva
abhibyattāya āyukkhayacakkhvādiindriyaparipākasaṅkhātāya pakatiyā dīpitā,
tenassime pacchimā dve pakatiniddesāti veditabbā. Tattha yasmā jaraṃ pattassāyu
hāyati. Tasmā jarā "āyuno saṃhānī"ti phalūpacārena vuttā. Yasmā ca 1- daharakāle
supasannāni sukhumampi attano visayaṃ sukheneva gaṇhanasamatthāni cakkhvādīni
indriyāni jaraṃ pattassa paripakkāni āluḷitāni avisadāni, oḷārikampi attano
visayaṃ gahetuṃ asamatthāni honti, tasmā "indriyānaṃ paripāko"ti phalūpacāreneva
vuttā.
     Sā panesā evaṃ niddiṭṭhā sabbāpi jarā pākaṭā paṭicchannāti duvidhā
hoti. Tattha dantādīsu khaṇḍādibhāvadassanato rūpadhammesu jarā pākaṭajarā nāma,
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. ca-saddo na dissati
Arūpadhammesu pana jarā tādisassa vikārassa adassanato paṭicchannajarā nāma.
Tattha yvāyaṃ khaṇḍādibhāvo dissati, so tādisānaṃ dantādīnaṃ suviññeyyattā
vaṇṇoyeva, taṃ cakkhunā disvā manodvārena cintetvā "ime khandhā 1- jarāya
pahaṭā"ti jaraṃ jānāti udakaṭṭhāne bandhāni gosiṅgādīni oloketvā heṭṭhā
udakassa atthibhāvaṃ jānanaṃ viya. Puna avīci savīcīti evampi ayaṃ jarā duvidhā
hoti. Tattha maṇikanakarajatapavāḷacandimasuriyādīnaṃ mandadasakādīsu pāṇīnaṃ viya ca
pupphaphalapallavādīsu apāṇīnaṃ viya ca antarantarā vaṇṇavisesādīnaṃ duviññeyyattā
jarā avīcijarā nāma, nirantarajarāti attho. Tato aññesu pana yathāvuttesu
antarantarā vaṇṇavisesādīnaṃ suviññeyyattā jarā savīcijarā nāma.
    Tattha savīcijarā upādinnānupādinnakavasena evaṃ veditabbā 2-:-
daharakumārakānaṃ hi paṭhamameva khīradantā nāma uṭṭhahanti, na te thiRā. Tesu pana
patitesu puna dantā uṭṭhahanti. Te paṭhamameva setā honti, jarāvātena pana
pahaṭakāle kāḷakā honti. Kesā pana paṭhamameva tambāpi honti kāḷakāpi
setāpi. Chavi pana salohitikā hoti. Vaḍḍhantānaṃ vaḍḍhantānaṃ odātānaṃ
odātabhāvo kāḷakānaṃ kāḷakabhāvo paññāyati. Jarāvātena pana pahaṭakāle valiṃ
gaṇhāti. Sabbampi sassaṃ vāpitakāle 3- setaṃ hoti, pacchā nīlaṃ. Jarāvātena
pana pahaṭakāle paṇḍukaṃ hoti. Ambaṅkurenāpi dīpetuṃ vaṭṭatieva. Ayaṃ vuccati
jarāti ayaṃ jarā nāma kathiyati. Sā panesā khandhaparipākalakkhaṇā, maraṇūpanayanarasā,
yobbanavināsapaccupaṭṭhānā.
     Jarāya dukkhaṭṭho veditabboti ettha pana ayampi jarā 4- sayaṃ na dukkhā,
dukkhassa pana vatthubhāvena dukkhāti vuttā. Kataradukkhassa? kāyadukkhassa ceva
domanassadukkhassa ca. Jiṇṇassa hi attabhāvo jarasakaṭaṃ viya dubbalo hoti,
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. dantā              2 cha.Ma. dīpetabbā
@3 cha.Ma. vapitakāle           4 cha.Ma. ayaṃ pāṭho na dissati
Ṭhātuṃ vā gantuṃ vā nisīdituṃ vā vāyamantassa balavakāyadukkhaṃ uppajjati. Puttadāre
yathāpure asallakkhente domanassaṃ uppajjati. Iti imesaṃ dvinnaṃ dukkhānaṃ
vatthubhāvena dukkhāti veditabbā. Apica:-
              aṅgānaṃ sithilabhāvā       indriyānaṃ vikārato
              yobbanassa vināsena      balassa upaghātato.
              Vippavāsā satādīnaṃ       puttadārehi attano
              appasādanīyato ceva      bhiyyo bālattapattiyā.
              Pappoti dukkhaṃ yaṃ macco    kāyikaṃ mānasaṃ tathā
              sabbametaṃ jarāhetu       yasmā tasmā jarā dukkhāti.
                          Maraṇaniddesa
     [193] Maraṇaniddese cavanakavasena cuti, ekacatupañcakkhandhāya cutiyā
sāmaññavacanametaṃ. Cavanatāti bhāvavacanena lakkhaṇanidassanaṃ. Bhedoti cutikhandhānaṃ 1-
bhaṅguppattiparidīpanaṃ. Antaradhānanti ghaṭassa viya bhinnassa bhinnānaṃ cutikhandhānaṃ
yena kenaci pariyāyena ṭhānābhāvaparidīpanaṃ. Maccu maraṇanti maccusaṅkhātaṃ maraṇaṃ.
Kālo nāma antako, tassa kiriyā kālakiriyā. Ettāvatā sammatiyā maraṇaṃ
dīpitaṃ hoti.
     Idāni paramatthena niyametuṃ 2- khandhānaṃ bhedotiādimāha. Paramatthena hi
khandhāyeva bhijjanti, na satto nāma koci marati. Khandhesu pana bhijjamānesu
satto marati, bhinnesu matoti vohāro hoti. Ettha ca catupañcavokāravasena
khandhānaṃ bhedo, ekavokāravasena kaḷevarassa nikkhePo. Catuvokāravasena vā
khandhānaṃ bhedo, sesadvayavasena kaḷevarassa nikkhepo veditabbo. Kasmā?
bhavadvayepi rūpakāyasaṅkhātassa kaḷevarassa sambhavato. 3- Yasmā vā
@Footnote: 1 Ma. khandhānaṃ        2 cha.Ma. dīpetuṃ       3 cha.Ma. sabbhāvato
Cātumahārājikādīsu khandhā bhijjanteva, na kiñci nikkhipati, tasmā tesaṃ vasena
khandhānaṃ bhedo. Manussādīsu kaḷevarassa nikkhePo. Ettha ca kaḷevarassa nikkhepakāraṇato
maraṇaṃ "kaḷevarassa nikkhepo"ti vuttaṃ.
     Jīvitindriyassa upacchedoti iminā indriyapaṭibaddhasseva maraṇaṃ nāma
hoti, anindriyabaddhassa maraṇaṃ nāma natthīti dasseti. "sassaṃ mataṃ, rukkho
mato"ti idaṃ pana vohāramattameva. Atthato pana evarūpāni vacanāni sassādīnaṃ
khayavayabhāvameva dīpenti. Idaṃ vuccati maraṇanti idaṃ sabbampi maraṇaṃ nāma
kathiyati.
     Apicettha khaṇikamaraṇaṃ sammatimaraṇaṃ samucchedamaraṇanti ayampi bhedo
veditabbo. Tattha khaṇikamaraṇaṃ nāma pavatte rūpārūpadhammānaṃ bhedo. Tisso mato,
pusso 1- matoti idaṃ sammatimaraṇaṃ nāma. Khīṇāsavassa appaṭisandhikā kālakiriyā
samucchedamaraṇaṃ nāma. Imasmiṃ panatthe sammatimaraṇaṃ adhippetaṃ. Jātipaccayamaraṇaṃ 2-
upakkamamaraṇaṃ sarasamaraṇaṃ āyukkhayamaraṇantipi tasseva nāmaṃ. Tayidaṃ cutilakkhaṇaṃ,
viyogarasaṃ, vippavāsapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ.
     Maraṇassa dukkhaṭṭho veditabboti ettha pana idampi sayaṃ na dukkhaṃ,
dukkhassa pana vatthubhāvena dukkhanti vuttaṃ. Māraṇantikāpi hi sārīrikā vedanā
paṭivāte gahitā ādittatiṇukkā viya sarīraṃ dahanti. 3- Narakanimittādīnaṃ
upaṭṭhahanakāle balavadomanassaṃ uppajjati. Iti imesaṃ dvinnampi dukkhānaṃ
vatthubhāvena dukkhanti veditabbaṃ. Apica:-
            "pāpassa pāpakammādi-       nimittamanupassato
             bhaddassāpasahantassa         viyogaṃ piyavatthukaṃ.
             Mīyamānassa yaṃ dukkhaṃ         mānasaṃ avisesato
             sabbesañcāpi yaṃ sandhi-      bandhanacchedanādikaṃ.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. phusso       2 cha.Ma. jātikkhayamaraṇaṃ     3 cha.Ma. nidahanti
             Vitujjamānadhammānaṃ 1-       hoti dukkhaṃ sarīrajaṃ
             asayhamappaṭikāraṃ           dukkhassetassidaṃ yato
             maraṇaṃ vatthu tenetaṃ         dukkhamicceva bhāsitan"ti.
     Apica imāni jātijarāmaraṇāni nāma imesaṃ sattānaṃ vadhakapaccāmittā viya
otāraṃ gavesantāni vicaranti. Yathā hi purisassa tīsu paccāmittesu
otārāpekkhesu vicarantesu eko vadeyya "ahaṃ asukaaraññassa nāma vaṇṇaṃ kathetvā
etaṃ ādāya tattha gamissāmi, ettha mayhaṃ dukkaraṃ natthī"ti. Dutiyo vadeyya
"ahaṃ tava etaṃ gahetvā gatakāle pothetvā dubbalaṃ karissāmi, ettha mayhaṃ
dukkaraṃ natthī"ti. Tatiyo vadeyya "tayā etasmiṃ pothetvā dubbale kate tiṇhena
asinā sīsacchedanaṃ nāma mayhaṃ bhāro hotū"ti te evaṃ vatvā tathā kareyyuṃ.
     Tattha paṭhamapaccāmittassa araññavaṇṇaṃ kathetvā taṃ ādāya tattha gatakālo
viya suhajjañātimaṇḍalato nikkaḍḍhitvā yattha katthaci nibbattāpanaṃ nāma jātiyā
kiccaṃ, dutiyassa pothetvā dubbalīkaraṇaṃ 2- viya nibbattakkhandhesu nipatitvā
parādhīnamañcaparāyanabhāvakaraṇaṃ jarāya kiccaṃ, tatiyassa tiṇhena asinā sīsacchedanaṃ
viya jīvitakkhayapāpanaṃ maraṇassa kiccanti veditabbaṃ.
     Apicettha jātidukkhaṃ sādīnavamahākantārappaveso viya daṭṭhabbaṃ, jarādukkhaṃ
tattha annapānarahitassa dubbalyaṃ 3- viya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Maraṇadukkhaṃ dubbalassa
iriyāpathapavattane vihataparakkamassa bandhādīhi 4- anayabyasanāpādanaṃ viya
daṭṭhabbanti.
                            Sokaniddesa
     [194] Sokaniddese viyasatīti 5- byasanaṃ. Hitasukhaṃ khipati viddhaṃsetītyattho.
Ñātīnaṃ byasanaṃ ñātibyasanaṃ, corarogabhayādīhi ñātikkhayo ñātivināsotyattho.
@Footnote: 1 cha. vitujjamānamammānaṃ      2 cha.Ma. dubbalakaraṇaṃ      3 cha.Ma. dubbalaṃ
@4 cha.Ma. vāḷādīhi          5 cha.Ma. byasatīti. evamuparipi
Tena ñātibyasanena. Phuṭṭhassāti ajjhotthatassa, abhibhūtassa samannāgatassāti
attho. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Ayampana viseso:- bhogānaṃ byasanaṃ bhogabyasanaṃ,
rājacorādivasena bhogakkhayo bhogavināsotyattho. Rogoyeva byasanaṃ rogabyasanaṃ.
Rogo hi ārogyaṃ viyasati vināsetīti byasanaṃ. Sīlassa byasanaṃ sīlabyasanaṃ.
Dussīlyassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Sammādiṭṭhiṃ vināsayamānā uppannā diṭṭhieva byasanaṃ
diṭṭhibyasanaṃ. Ettha ca purimāni dve anipphannāni, pacchimāni tīṇi nipphannāni
tilakkhaṇabbhāhatāni. Purimānipi 1- tīṇi neva kusalāni na akusalāni,
sīladiṭṭhibyasanadvayaṃ akusalaṃ.
     Aññataraññatarenāti gahitesu vā yena kenaci aggahitesu vā
mittāmaccabyasanādīsu yena kenaci. Samannāgatassāti samanubandhassa aparimuccamānassa.
Aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammenāti yena kenaci sokadukkhassa uppattihetunā.
Sokoti socanavasena 2- soko. Idaṃ etehi kāraṇehi uppajjanakasokassa
sabhāvapaccattaṃ. Socanāti socanākāro. Socitattanti socitabhāvo. Antosokoti
abbhantare soko. Dutiyapadaṃ upasaggena vaḍḍhitaṃ. So hi abbhantaraṃ sukkhāpento
parisukkhāpento 3- uppajjatīti "antosoko antoparisoko"ti vuccati.
     Cetaso parijjhāyanāti cittassa jhāyanākāro. Soko hi uppajjamāno
ativiya 4- cittaṃ jhāpeti dahati, 5- "cittaṃ me jhāmaṃ, na me kiñci paṭibhātī"ti
vadāpeti. Dukkhito mano dummano, tassa bhāvo domanassaṃ. Anupaviṭṭhaṭṭhena
sokova sallanti sokasallaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati sokoti ayaṃ soko nāma kathiyati. So
panāyaṃ kiñcāpi atthato domanassavedanāva hoti, evaṃ santepi anto
nijjhāyanalakkhaṇo, cetaso parinijjhāyanaraso, anusocanapaccupaṭṭhāno.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. purimāni ca  2 cha.Ma. socanakavasena
@3 cha.Ma. abbhantare sukkhāpento viya parisukkhāpento viya  4 cha.Ma. aggi viya
@5 cha.Ma. paridahati
     Sokassa dukkhaṭṭho veditabboti ettha pana ayaṃ sabhāvadukkhattā ceva
dukkhassa ca vatthubhāvena dukkhoti vutto. Kataradukkhassa 1-? kāyadukkhassa ceva
javanakkhaṇe ca domanassadukkhassa. Sokavegena hi hadaye vā mahāgaṇḍo
uṭṭhahitvā paripaccitvā bhijjati, mukhato vā kāḷalohitaṃ nikkhamati, balavakāyadukkhaṃ
uppajjati. "ettakā me ñātayo khayaṃ gatā, ettakā me bhogā"ti cintentassa
ca balavadomanassaṃ uppajjati. Iti imesaṃ dvinnaṃ dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvenapesa
dukkhoti veditabbo. Apica:-
            sattānaṃ hadayaṃ soko        sallaṃ viya vitujjati
            aggitattova nārāco       bhusañca uhate 2- puna.
            Samāvahati ca byādhi-        jarāmaraṇabhedanaṃ
            dukkhampi vividhaṃ yasmā        tasmā dukkhoti vuccatīti.
                           Paridevaniddesa
     [195] Paridevaniddese "mayhaṃ dhītā mayhaṃ putto"ti evaṃ ādissa
ādissa devanti rodanti etenāti ādevo. Taṃ taṃ vaṇṇaṃ parikittetvā 3-
devanti etenāti paridevo. Tato parāni dve dve padāni purimadvayasseva
ākārabhāvaniddesavasena vuttāni. Vācāti vacanaṃ. Palāpoti tucchaniratthakavacanaṃ.
Upaḍḍhabhaṇitaaññabhaṇitādivasena virūpo palāpoti 4- vippalāPo. Lālapoti punappunaṃ
lapanaṃ. Lālappanākāro lālappanā. Lālappitassa bhāvo lālappitattaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati
paridevoti ayaṃ paridevo nāma kathiyati. So lālappanalakkhaṇo, guṇadosaparikittanaraso,
sambhamapaccupaṭṭhāno.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. kataradukkhassāti          2 cha.Ma. ḍahate
@3 parikittetvā parikittetvā      4 cha.Ma. iti-saddo na dissati
     Paridevassa dukkhaṭṭho veditabboti ettha pana ayampi sayaṃ na dukkho,
kāyadukkhadomanassadukkhānaṃ pana vatthubhāvena dukkhoti vutto. Paridevanto hi
attano khandhaṃ muṭṭhīhi potheti, ubhohi hatthehi uraṃ paharati piṃsati, 1- sīsena
bhittiyā saddhiṃ yujjhati. Tenassa balavakāyadukkhaṃ uppajjati, "ettakā me ñātayo
khayaṃ vayaṃ abbhatthaṃ gatā"tiādīni cinteti, tenassa balavadomanassaṃ uppajjati.
Iti imesaṃ dvinnampi dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvena dukkhoti veditabbo. Apica:-
                 yaṃ sokasallavihato paridevamāno
                 kaṇṭhoṭṭhatālutalasosajamappasayhaṃ 2-
                 bhiyyodhimattamadhigacchatiyeva dukkhaṃ
                 dukkhoti tena bhagavā paridevamāhāti.
                         Dukkhadomanassaniddesa
     [196-7] Dukkhadomanassaniddesā heṭṭhā dhammasaṅgahaṭṭhakathāyaṃ 3-
vaṇṇitattā pākaṭāeva. Lakkhaṇādīni pana nesaṃ tattha vuttāneva.
     "dukkhassa dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo, domanassassa dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo"ti
ettha pana ubhayampetaṃ sayañca dukkhattā kāyikacetasikadukkhānañca vatthubhāvena
dukkhanti vuttaṃ. Hatthapādānaṃ hi kaṇṇanāsikānañca chedanadukkhena dukkhitassa
anāthasālāyaṃ ucchiṭṭhakapālaṃ purato katvā nipannassa vaṇamukhehi puḷuvesu 4-
nikkhamantesu balavakāyadukkhaṃ uppajjati. Nānāraṅgarattavatthaṃ manuññālaṅkāraṃ
nakkhattaṃ kīḷantaṃ mahājanaṃ disvā balavadomanassaṃ uppajjati. Evaṃ tāva dukkhassa
dvinnampi dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvo veditabbo. Apica:-
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. pisati               2 Sī.....tālugalasosajamappasayhaṃ
@3 saṅgaṇī. A. 1/413/314     4 cha.Ma. puḷuvakesu
            Pīḷeti kāyikamidaṃ         dukkhaṃ dukkhañca mānasaṃ
            bhiyyo janayati yasmā      tasmā dukkhanti visesatoti. 1-
     Cetodukkhasamappitā pana kese pakiriya urāni patipiṃsenti 2- āvaṭṭanti
vivaṭṭanti, chinnapapātaṃ papatanti, satthaṃ āharanti, visaṃ khādanti, rajjuyā
ubbandhanti, aggiṃ pavisanti. Taṃ taṃ viparītaṃ vatthuṃ tathā tathā vippaṭisārino
pariḍayhamānacittā cintenti. Evaṃ domanassassa ubhinnaṃ dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvo
veditabbo. Apica:-
            pīḷeti yato cittaṃ        kāyassa ca pīḷanaṃ samāvahati
            dukkhanti domanassampi      domanassaṃ tato āhūti.
                           Upāyāsaniddesa
     [198] Upāyāsaniddese āyāsanaṭṭhena āyāso. Saṃsīdanavisīdanākārappavattassa
cittakilamathassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Balavaāyāso upāyāso. Āyāsitassa bhāvo
āyāsitattaṃ. Upāyāsitassa bhāvo upāyāsitattaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati upāyāsoti ayaṃ
upāyāso nāma kathiyati. So panesa byāsattilakkhaṇo, nitthunanaraso,
visādapaccupaṭṭhāno.
     Upāyāsassa dukkhaṭṭho veditabboti ettha pana ayampi sayaṃ na dukkho,
ubhinnampi pana 3- dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvena dukkhoti vutto. Kupitena hi raññā
issariyaṃ acchinditvā hataputtabhātikānaṃ āṇattavadhānaṃ bhayena aṭaviṃ pavisitvā
nilīnānaṃ mahāvisādappattānaṃ dukkhaṭṭhānena dukkhaseyyāya dukkhanisajjāya
balavakāyadukkhaṃ uppajjati, "ettakā no ñātakā ettakā bhogā naṭṭhā"ti
cintentānaṃ balavadomanassaṃ uppajjati. Iti imesaṃ dvinnampi dukkhānaṃ
vatthubhāvena dukkhoti veditabbo. 4- Apica:-
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. visesato vuttanti           2 cha.Ma. patipisanti
@3 cha.Ma. ayaṃ saddo na dissati        4 cha.Ma. veditabboti
             Cittassa paridahanā        kāyassa ca visādanā
             adhimattaṃ yaṃ dukkhamupāyāso  janeti dukkho tato vuttoti.
     Ettha ca mandagginā antobhājaneyeva telādīnaṃ pāko viya soko,
tikkhagginā paccamānassa bhājanato bahi nikkhamanaṃ viya paridevo, bahi
nikkhantāvasesassa nikkhamitumpi appahontassa antobhājaneyeva yāva parikkhayā
pāko viya upāyāso daṭṭhabbo.
                         Appiyasampayoganiddesa
     [199] Appiyasampayoganiddese yassāti ye assa. Aniṭṭhāti apariyesitā.
Pariyesitā vā hontu apariyesitā vā, apariyesitabbānaṃ 1- nāmaṃ cetaṃ 2-
amanāpārammaṇānaṃ. Manasmiṃ na kamanti na pavisantīti akantā. Manasmiṃ na
appiyanti, na vā manaṃ vaḍḍhentīti amanāpā. Rūpātiādi tesaṃ sabhāvanidassanaṃ.
Anatthaṃ kāmenti icchantīti anatthakāmā. Ahitaṃ kāmenti icchantīti
ahitakāmā. Aphāsuṃ dukkhavihāraṃ kāmenti icchantīti aphāsukakāmā. Catūhi yogehi
khemaṃ nibbhayaṃ vivaṭṭaṃ na icchanti, sabhayaṃ vaṭṭameva nesaṃ kāmenti icchantīti
ayogakkhemakāmā.
     Apica saddhādīnaṃ vuddhisaṅkhātassa atthassa akāmanato tesaṃyeva hānisaṅkhātassa
anatthassa ca kāmanato anatthakāmā. Saddhādīnaṃyeva upāyabhūtassa
hitassa akāmanato saddhāhāniādīnaṃ upāyabhūtassa ahitassa ca kāmanato ahitakāmā.
Phāsuvihārassa 3- akāmanato aphāsuvihārassa ca kāmanato aphāsukakāmā. Yassa
kassaci nibbhayassa akāmanato bhayassa ca kāmanato ayogakkhemakāmāti evamettha 4-
attho daṭṭhabbo.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. ayaṃ pāṭho na dissati        2 cha.Ma. nāmevetaṃ
@3 cha.Ma. phāsukavihārassa            4 cha.Ma. evampettha
     Saṅgatīti gantvā saṃyogo. Samāgamoti āgatehi saṃyogo. Samodhānanti
ṭhānanisajjādīsu sahabhāvo. Missībhāvoti sabbakiccānaṃ sahakaraṇaṃ. Ayaṃ sattavasena
yojanā. Saṅkhāravasena pana yaṃ labbhati, taṃ gahetabbaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccatīti ayaṃ
appiyasampayogo nāma kathiyati. So aniṭṭhasamodhānalakkhaṇo, cittavighātakaraṇaraso,
anatthabhāvapaccupaṭṭhāno.
     So atthato eko dhammo nāma natthi, kevalaṃ appiyasampayuttānaṃ
duvidhassāpi dukkhassa vatthubhāvato dukkhoti vutto. Aniṭṭhāni hi vatthūni
samodhānagatāni vijjhanachedanaphālanādīhi kāyikampi dukkhaṃ uppādenti,
ubbegajananato mānasampi. Tenetaṃ vuccati:-
           disvāva appiye dukkhaṃ       paṭhamaṃ hoti cetasi
           tadupakkamasambhūta-           matha kāye yato idha.
           Tato dukkhadvayassāpi        vatthuto so mahesinā
           dukkho vuttoti viññeyyo    appiyehi samāgamoti.
                          Piyavippayoganiddesa
     [200] Piyavippayoganiddeso vuttapaṭipakkhanayeneva veditabbo. Mātā
vātiādi panettha atthakāme sarūpena dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha mamāyatīti mātā.
Piyāyatīti pitā. Bhajatīti bhātā. Tathā bhaginī. Mettāyantīti mittā. Minantīti
vā mittā, sabbaguyhesu anto pakkhipantīti attho. Kiccakaraṇīyesu sahabhāvaṭṭhena
amā hontīti amaccā. Ayaṃ amhākaṃ ajjhattikoti evaṃ jānanti, ñāyanti
vāti ñātī. Lohitena sambandhāti sālohitā. Evametāni padāni atthato
veditabbāni. Ayaṃ vuccatīti ayaṃ piyehi vippayogo nāma kathiyati. So
iṭṭhavatthuviyogalakkhaṇo, sokuppādanaraso, byāsanapaccupaṭṭhāno. 1-
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. byasana....
     So atthato eko dhammo nāma natthi, kevalaṃ piyavippayuttānaṃ duvidhassāpi
dukkhassa vatthubhāvato dukkhoti vutto. Iṭṭhāni hi vatthūni viyujjamānāni
sarīrassa sosanamilāpanādibhāvena kāyikampi dukkhaṃ uppādenti, yampi no ahosi,
tampi no natthīti anusocanāpanato mānasampi. Tenetaṃ vuccati:-
           ñātidhanādiviyogā        sokasarasamappitā vitujjanti
           bālā yato tato yaṃ      dukkhoti mato piyavippayogoti. 1-
                            Icchāniddesa
     [201] Icchāniddese jātidhammānanti jātisabhāvānaṃ jātipakatikānaṃ.
Icchā uppajjatīti taṇhā uppajjati. Aho vatāti patthanā. Na kho panetaṃ
icchāya pattabbanti yaṃ etaṃ "aho vata mayaṃ na jātidhammā assāma, na ca
vata no cāti āgaccheyyā"ti evaṃ pahīnasamudayesu sādhūsu vijjamānaṃ ajātidhammattaṃ
parinibbutesu ca vijjamānaṃ jātiyā anāgamanaṃ icchitaṃ, taṃ icchantassāpi
maggabhāvanāya vinā apattabbato anicchantassāpi 2- ca maggabhāvanāya pattabbato
na icchāya pattabbaṃ nāma hoti. Idampīti etampi. Upari visesāni 3- upādāya
pikāro. Yampicchanti yenapi dhammena alabbhaneyyavatthuṃ icchanto na labhati, taṃ
alabbhaneyyavatthumhi icchanaṃ dukkhanti veditabbaṃ. Jarādhammānantiādīsupi eseva
nayo. Evamettha alabbhaneyyavatthūsu icchāva "yampicchaṃ na labhati, tampi dukakhan"ti
vuttā. Sā alabbhaneyyavatthuicchanalakkhaṇā, tappariyesanarasā, tesaṃ
appattipaccupaṭṭhānā.
     Dvinnampi pana dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvato dukkhāti vuttā. Ekacco hi rājā
bhavissatīti sambhāvito hoti. So chinnabhinnagaṇena parivārito pabbatavisamaṃ vā
vanagahanaṃ vā pavisati. Atha rājā taṃ pavattiṃ ñatvā balakāyaṃ pesesi. 4- So
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. piyaviyogoti         2 cha.Ma. anicchantassa     3 cha.Ma. sesāni
@4 cha.Ma. peseti
Rājapurisehi nihataparivāro sayampi laddhappahāro palāyamāno rukkhantaraṃ vā
pāsāṇantaraṃ vā pavisati. Tasmiṃ samaye mahāmegho uṭṭhahati, tibbandhakārā
kāḷavaddalikā hoti. Atha naṃ samantato kāḷakipillikādayo pāṇā parivāretvā
gaṇhanti. Tenassa balavakāyadukkhaṃ uppajjati. Maṃ ekaṃ nissāya ettakā ñātī
ca bhogā ca vinaṭṭhāti cintentassa balavadomanassaṃ uppajjati. Iti ayaṃ icchā
imesaṃ dvinnampi dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvena dukkhāti veditabbā. Apica:-
            taṃ taṃ patthayamānānaṃ        tassa tassa alābhato
            yaṃ vighātamayaṃ dukkhaṃ         sattānaṃ idha jāyati.
            Alabbhaneyyavatthūnaṃ         patthanā tassa kāraṇaṃ
            yasmā tasmā jino dukkhaṃ    icchitālābhamabravīti.
                         Upādānakkhandhaniddesa
     [202] Upādānakkhandhassa niddese saṅkhittenāti desanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ.
Dukkhaṃ hi ettakāni dukkhasatānīti vā ettakāni dukkhasahassānīti vā ettakāni
dukkhasatasahassānīti vā saṅkhipituṃ na sakkā, desanā pana sakkā. Tasmā "dukkhaṃ
nāma aññaṃ kiñci natthi, saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā"ti desanaṃ
saṅkhipanto 1- evamāha. Seyyathīdanti nipāto. Tassa te katame iti ceti attho.
Rūpūpādānakkhandhotiādīnaṃ attho khandhavibhaṅge vaṇṇitoyeva.
     Khandhānaṃ dukkhaṭṭho veditabboti ettha pana:-
            jātippabhūtikaṃ dukkhaṃ         yaṃ vuttaṃ idha tādinā
            avuttaṃ yañca taṃ sabbaṃ       vinā ete na vijjati.
            Yasmā tasmā upādānak-   khandhā saṅkhepato ime
            dukkhāti vuttā dukkhanta-    desakena mahesinā.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. saṅkhipento
     Tathā hi indanamiva pāvako, lakkhamiva paharaṇāni, gorūpamiva ḍaṃsamakasādayo,
khettamiva lāvakā, gāmaṃ viya gāmaghātakā, upādānakkhandhapañcakameva jātiādayo
nānappakārehi bādhayamānā tiṇalatādīni viya bhūmiyaṃ, pupphaphalapallavādīni viya
rukkhesu, upādānakkhandhesuyeva nibbattanti. Upādānakkhandhānañca ādidukkhaṃ
jāti, majjhe dukkhaṃ jarā, pariyosānadukkhaṃ maraṇaṃ, māraṇantikadukkhābhighātena
pariḍayhanadukkhaṃ soko tadasahanato lālappanadukkhaṃ paridevo, tato
dhātukkhobhasaṅkhātaaniṭṭhaphoṭṭhabbasamāyogato kāyassa ābādhanadukkhaṃ dukkhaṃ, tena
bādhiyamānānaṃ puthujjanānaṃ tattha paṭighuppattito cetobādhanadukkhaṃ domanassaṃ,
sokādivuḍḍhiyā janitavisādānaṃ anutthunanadukkhaṃ upāyāso, manorathavighātappattānaṃ
icchāvighātadukkhaṃ icchitālābhoti evaṃ nānappakārato upaparikkhiyamānā
upādānakkhandhāva dukkhāti yadetaṃ ekamekaṃ dassetvā vuccamānaṃ anekehi kappehi na
sakkā asesato vattuṃ, taṃ sabbampi dukkhaṃ ekajalabindumhi sakalasamuddajalarasaṃ
viya yesu kesuci pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu saṅkhipitvā dassetuṃ "saṅkhittena
pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā"ti bhagavā avocāti.
                     Dukkhasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
                          -------------
                      2. Samudayasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā
     [203] Samudayasaccaniddese yāyaṃ taṇhāti yā ayaṃ taṇhā. Ponobbhavikāti 1-
punabbhavakaraṇaṃ punobbhavo, punobbhavo sīlamassāti ponobbhavikā. Apica
punabbhavaṃ deti, punabbhavāya saṃvattati, punappunaṃ bhave nibbattetīti ponobbhavikā.
Sā panesā punabbhavassa dāyikāpi atthi adāyikāpi, punabbhavāya saṃvattanikāpi
atthi asaṃvattanikāpi. Dinnāya paṭisandhiyā upadhivepakkamattāpi. Sā punabbhavaṃ
@Footnote: 1 Sī. ponobhavikā
Dadamānāpi adadamānāpi punabbhavāya saṃvattamānāpi asaṃvattamānāpi dinnāya
paṭisandhiyā upadhivepakkāpi 1- ponobbhavikāevāti nāmaṃ labhati. Abhinandanasaṅkhātena
nandirāgena saha gatāti nandirāgasahagatā. Nandirāgena saddhiṃ atthato ekattameva gatāti
vuttaṃ hoti. Tatratatrābhinandinīti yatra yatra attabhāvo, tatratatrābhinandinī.
Rūpādīsu vā ārammaṇesu tatratatrābhinandinī, rūpābhinandinī
saddagandharasaphoṭṭhabbadhammābhinandinīti attho. Seyyathīdanti nipāto. Tassa sā katamāti
ceti attho. Kāmataṇhāti kāme taṇhā kāmataṇhā. Pañcakāmaguṇikarāgassetaṃ
nāmaṃ. 2- Bhave taṇhā bhavataṇhā. Bhavapatthanāvasena uppannassa sassatadiṭṭhisahagatassa
rūpārūpabhavarāgassa ca jhānanikantiyā cetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Vibhave taṇhā vibhavataṇhā.
Ucchedadiṭṭhisahagatarāgassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
     Idāni tassā taṇhāya vatthuṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ sā kho panesātiādimāha.
Tattha uppajjatīti jāyati. Nivisatīti punappunaṃ pavattivasena patiṭṭhahati.
Yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpanti yaṃ lokasmiṃ piyasabhāvañceva madhurasabhāvañca. Cakkhuṃ
loketiādīsu lokasmiṃ hi cakkhvādīsu mamattena abhiniviṭṭhā sattā sampattiyaṃ
patiṭṭhitā attano cakkhuṃ ādāsādīsu nimittaggahaṇānusārena vippasannapañcapasādaṃ
suvaṇṇavimāne ugghāṭitamaṇisīhapañjaraṃ viya maññanti, sotaṃ rajatapanāḷikaṃ viya
pāmaṅgasuttakaṃ viya ca maññanti, tuṅganāsāti laddhavohāraṃ ghānaṃ vaṭṭetvā
ṭhapitaharitālavaṭṭiṃ viya maññanti, jivhaṃ rattakambalapaṭalaṃ viya mudusiniddhamadhurarasadaṃ
maññanti, kāyaṃ sālayaṭṭhiṃ viya suvaṇṇatoraṇaṃ viya ca maññanti, manaṃ aññesaṃ
manena asadisaṃ uḷāraṃ maññanti, rūpaṃ suvaṇṇakaṇṇikārapupphādivaṇṇaṃ viya, saddaṃ
mattakaravikakokilamandadhamitamaṇivaṃsanigghosaṃ viya, attanā paṭiladdhāni
catusamuṭṭhānikagandhārammaṇādīni "kassa aññassa evarūpāni atthī"ti maññanti, tesaṃ
evaṃ maññamānānaṃ tāni cakkhvādīni piyarūpāni ceva sātarūpāni ca honti. Atha nesaṃ
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. upadhivepakkamattāpi          2 cha.Ma. adhivacanaṃ
Tattha anuppannā ceva taṇhā uppajjati, uppannā ca punappunaṃ pavattivasena
nivisati. Tasmā bhagavā "cakkhuṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā
uppajjatī"tiādimāha. Tattha uppajjamānāti yadā uppajjati, tadā ettha
uppajjatīti attho. Esa nayo sabbatthāpīti.
                    Samudayasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
                         ---------------
                      3. Nirodhasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā
     [204] Nirodhasaccaniddese yo tassāyevā taṇhāyāti ettha "yo
tasseva dukkhassā"ti vattabbe yasmā samudayanirodheneva dukkhaṃ nirujjhati, no
aññathā. Yathāha:-
                   "yathāpi mūle anupaddave daḷhe
                    chinnopi rukkho punareva rūhati
                    evampi taṇhānusaye anūhate
                    nibbattate 1- dukkhamidaṃ punappunan"ti. 2-
     Tasmā taṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ dassento samudayanirodhena dassetuṃ evamāha.
Sīhasamānavuttino hi tathāgatā, te dukkhaṃ nirodhentā dukkhanirodhañca dassentā
hetumhi paṭipajjanti na phale. Suvānavuttino pana aññatitthiyā, te dukkhaṃ
nirodhentā dukkhanirodhañca dassentā attakilamathānuyogena ceva tasseva ca
desanāya phale paṭipajjanti na hetumhīti sīhasamānavuttitāya satthā hetumhi
paṭipajjamāno yo tassāyevātiādimāha.
     Tattha tassāyevāti yā sā uppattinivesavasena heṭṭhā pakāsitā, tassāyeva.
Asesavirāganirodhotiādīni sabbāni nibbānavevacanāneva. Nibbānaṃ hi āgamma
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. nibbattatī     2 khu.dha. 25/338/75
Taṇhā asesā virajjati nirujjhati, tasmā taṃ "tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho"ti
vuccati. Nibbānañca āgamma taṇhā cajiyati paṭinissajjiyati muccati
na allīyati, tasmā nibbānaṃ "cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo"ti vuccati.
Ekameva hi nibbānaṃ, nāmāni panassa sabbasaṅkhatānaṃ nāmapaṭipakkhavasena
anekāni nibbānavevacanāneva honti. Seyyathīdaṃ? asesato virāgo nirodho 1-
cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo rāgakkhayo dosakkhayo mohakkhayo taṇhakkhayo
anuppādo appavattaṃ animittaṃ appaṇihitaṃ anāyūhanaṃ appaṭisandhi appaṭivatti 2-
agati ajātaṃ ajaraṃ abyādhi amataṃ asokaṃ aparidevaṃ anupāyāsaṃ asaṅkiliṭṭhantiādīni.
     Idāni maggena chinnāya nibbānaṃ āgamma appavattiṃ pattāyapi ca
taṇhāya yesu vatthūsu tassā uppatti dassitā, tattheva abhāvaṃ dassetuṃ sā
kho panesātiādimāha. Tattha yathā puriso khette jātaṃ tittaṃ alābuvalliṃ disvā
aggato paṭṭhāya mūlaṃ pariyesitvā chindeyya, sā anupubbena milāyitvā apaññattiṃ
gaccheyya. Tato tasmiṃ khette tittaalābu niruddhā pahīnāti vucceyya, evameva
khette tittaalābu viya cakkhvādīsu taṇhā. Sā ariyamaggena mūle chinnā
nibbānaṃ āgamma appavattiṃ gacchati. 3- Evaṃ gatā pana tesu vatthūsu khette
tittaalābu viya na paññāyati. Yathā ca aṭavito core ānetvā nagarassa
dakkhiṇadvāre ghāteyyuṃ, tato aṭaviyaṃ corā matāti vā māritāti vā vucceyyuṃ,
evameva aṭaviyaṃ corā viya yā cakkhvādīsu taṇhā, sā dakkhiṇadvāre corā
viya nibbānaṃ āgamma niruddhattā nibbāne niruddhā. Evaṃ niruddhā pana tesu
vatthūsu aṭaviyaṃ corā viya na paññāyati. Tenassā tattheva nirodhaṃ 4- dassento
"cakkhuṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati. Ettha
nirujjhamānā nirujjhatī"tiādimāha. Sesamettha uttānatthamevāti.
                    Nirodhasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. asesavirāganirodho       2 cha.Ma. anupapatti
@4 cha.Ma. niruddhaṃ                3 Ma. gaccheyya
                       4. Maggasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā
     [205] Maggasaccaniddese ayamevāti aññamaggapaṭikkhepanatthaṃ niyamanaṃ.
Ariyoti taṃtaṃmaggavajjhehi kilesehi ārakattā ariyabhāvakarattā ariyaphalapaṭilābhakarattā
ca ariyo. Aṭṭha aṅgāni assāti aṭṭhaṅgiko. Svāyaṃ caturaṅgikā viya senā
pañcaṅgikaṃ viya turiyaṃ aṅgamattameva hoti, aṅgavinimutto natthi. Nibbānatthikehi
maggiyati, nibbānaṃ vā maggati, kilese vā mārento gacchatīti maggo. Seyyathīdanti
so katamoti ceti attho.
     Idāni aṅgamattameva maggo hoti, aṅgavinimutto natthīti dassento
sammādiṭṭhi .pe. Sammāsamādhīti āha. Tattha sammā dassanalakkhaṇā sammādiṭṭhi.
Sammā abhiniropanalakkhaṇo sammāsaṅkapPo. Sammā pariggahalakkhaṇā sammāvācā.
Sammā samuṭṭhāpanalakkhaṇo sammākammanto. Sammā vodānalakkhaṇo 1- sammāājīvo.
Sammā paggahalakkhaṇo sammāvāyāmo. Sammā upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇā sammāsati. Sammā
samādhānalakkhaṇo sammāsamādhi.
     Tesu ca ekekassa tīṇi tīṇi kiccāni honti. Seyyathīdaṃ? sammādiṭṭhi
Tāva aññehipi attano paccanīkakilesehi saddhiṃ micchādiṭṭhiṃ pajahati, nirodhaṃ
ārammaṇaṃ karoti. Sampayuttadhamme ca passati tappaṭicchādakamohavidhamanavasena
asammohato. Sammāsaṅkappādayopi tatheva micchāsaṅkappādīni ca pajahanti,
nirodhañca ārammaṇaṃ karonti. Visesato panettha sammāsaṅkappo sahajātadhamme
abhiniropeti, sammāvācā sammā pariggaṇhāti, sammākammanto sammā samuṭṭhāpeti,
sammāājīvo sammā vodāpeti, sammāvāyāmo sammā paggaṇhāti, sammāsati
sammā upaṭṭhāti, sammāsamādhi sammā padahati.
     Apicesā sammādiṭṭhi nāma pubbabhāge nānākkhaṇā nānārammaṇā hoti,
maggakāle ekakkhaṇā ekārammaṇā. Kiccato pana dukkhe ñāṇantiādīni cattāri
@Footnote: 1 Ma. vodāpanalakkhaṇo
Nāmāni labhati. Sammāsaṅkappādayopi pubbabhāge nānākkhaṇā nānārammaṇā
honti, maggakāle ekakkhaṇā ekārammaṇā. Tesu sammāsaṅkappo kiccato
nekkhammasaṅkappotiādīni tīṇi nāmāni labhati. Sammāvācādayo tayo pubbabhāge
nānākkhaṇā nānārammaṇā viratiyopi honti cetanāyopi, maggakkhaṇe pana viratiyova.
Sammāvāyāmo sammāsatīti idampi dvayaṃ kiccato sammappadhānasatipaṭṭhānavasena
cattāri nāmāni labhati. Sammāsamādhi pana pubbabhāgepi maggakkhaṇepi
sammāsamādhiyeva.
     Iti imesu aṭṭhasu dhammesu bhagavatā nibbānādhigamāya paṭipannassa
yogino bahuppakārattā paṭhamaṃ sammādiṭṭhi desitā. Ayañhi "paññāpajoto
paññāsatthan"ti 1- pavuttā. Tasmā etāya pubbabhāge vipassanāñāṇasaṅkhātāya
sammādiṭṭhiyā avijjandhakāraṃ vidhametvā 2- kilesacore ghātento khemena yogāvacaro
nibbānaṃ pāpuṇāti. Tena vuttaṃ "nibbānādhigamāya paṭipannassa yogino
bahuppakārattā paṭhamaṃ sammādiṭṭhi desitā"ti.
     Sammāsaṅkappo pana tassā bahuppakāro. Tasmā tadanantaraṃ vutto. Yathā hi
heraññiko hatthena parivattetvā parivattetvā cakkhunā kahāpaṇaṃ olokento "ayaṃ
kūṭo ayaṃ cheko"ti jānāti, evaṃ yogāvacaropi pubbabhāge vitakkena vitakketvā
vitakketvā vipassanāpaññāya olokayamāno "ime dhammā kāmāvacarā ime
dhammā rūpāvacarādayo"ti jānāti. Yathā vā pana purisena koṭiyaṃ gahetvā
parivattetvā parivattetvā dinnaṃ mahārukkhaṃ tacchako vāsiyā tacchetvā kamme
upaneti, evaṃ vitakkena vitakketvā vitakketvā dinne dhamme yogāvacaro
paññāya "ime dhammā kāmāvacarā ime dhammā rūpāvacarā"tiādinā nayena
paricchinditvā kamme upaneti. Tena vuttaṃ "sammāsaṅkappo pana tassā
bahuppakāro. Tasmā tadanantaraṃ vutto"ti.
@Footnote: 1 abhi. 34/20,29/24,26     2 cha.Ma. viddhaṃsetvā
     Svāyaṃ yathā sammādiṭṭhiyā, evaṃ sammāvācāyapi upakārako. Yathāha "pubbe
kho gahapati vitakketvā vicāretvā pacchā vācaṃ bhindatī"ti. 1- Tasmā tadanantaraṃ
sammāvācā vuttā.
     Yasmā pana idañcidañca karissāmāti paṭhamaṃ vācāya saṃvidahitvā loke
kammante payojenti, tasmā vācā kāyakammassa upakārikāti sammāvācāya
anantaraṃ sammākammanto vutto.
     Catubbidhaṃ pana vacīduccaritaṃ tividhaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya ubhayaṃ sucaritaṃ
pūrentasseva yasmā ājīvaṭṭhamakaṃ sīlaṃ pūrati, na itarassa. Tasmā tadubhayānantaraṃ
sammāājīvo vutto.
     Evaṃ suddhājīvena "parisuddho me ājīvo"ti ettāvatā paritosaṃ katvā 2-
suttapamattena viharituṃ na yuttaṃ, athakho sabbairiyāpathesu idaṃ viriyamārabhitabbanti
dassetuṃ tadanantaraṃ sammāvāyāmo vutto.
     Tato āraddhaviriyenāpi kāyādīsu catūsu vatthūsu sati suppatiṭṭhitā kātabbāti
dassanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ sammāsati desitā.
     Yasmā pana evaṃ suppatiṭṭhitā sati samādhissa upakārānupakārānaṃ dhammānaṃ
gatiyo samanvesitvā pahoti ekattārammaṇe cittaṃ samādhātuṃ, tasmā
sammāsatianantaraṃ sammāsamādhi desitoti veditabbo.
     Sammādiṭṭhiniddese "dukkhe ñāṇan"tiādinā catusaccakammaṭṭhānaṃ dassitaṃ.
Tattha purimāni dve saccāni vaṭṭaṃ, pacchimāni vivaṭṭaṃ. Tesu bhikkhuno vaṭṭe
kammaṭṭhānābhiniveso hoti, vivaṭṭe natthi abhiniveso. Purimāni hi dve saccāni
"pañcakkhandhā dukkhaṃ, taṇhā samudayo"ti evaṃ saṅkhepena ca "katame pañcakkhandhā,
rūpakkhandho"tiādinā nayena vitthārena ca ācariyasantike uggaṇhitvā vācāya
@Footnote: 1 Ma.mū. 12/463/413       2 cha.Ma. akatvā
Punappunaṃ parivattento yogāvacaro kammaṃ karoti. Itaresu pana dvīsu saccesu
"nirodhasaccaṃ iṭṭhaṃ kantaṃ manāpaṃ, maggasaccaṃ iṭṭhaṃ kantaṃ manāpan"ti evaṃ
savaneneva kammaṃ karoti. So evaṃ kammaṃ karonto cattāri saccāni ekena
paṭivedhena paṭivijjhati, ekābhisamayena abhisameti. Dukkhaṃ pariññāpaṭivedhena paṭivijjhati,
samudayaṃ pahānapaṭivedhena, nirodhaṃ sacchikiriyāpaṭivedhena, maggaṃ bhāvanāpaṭivedhena
paṭivijjhati. Dukkhaṃ pariññābhisamayena .pe. Maggaṃ bhāvanābhisamayena abhisameti.
     Evamassa pubbabhāge dvīsu saccesu uggahaparipucchāsavanadhāraṇasammasanapaṭivedho
hoti, dvīsu savanapaṭivedhoyeva. Aparabhāge tīsu kiccato paṭivedho hoti, nirodhe
ārammaṇapaṭivedho. Tattha sabbampi paṭivedhañāṇaṃ lokuttaraṃ. Savanadhāraṇasammasanañāṇaṃ
lokiyaṃ kāmāvacaraṃ. Paccavekkhaṇā pana maggasaccassa 1- hoti. Ayañca ādikammiko,
tasmā sā idha na vuttā. Imassa ca bhikkhuno pubbe pariggahato "dukkhaṃ
parijānāmi, samudayaṃ pajahāmi, nirodhaṃ sacchikaromi, maggaṃ bhāvemī"ti
ābhogasamannāhāramanasikārapaccavekkhaṇā natthi. Pariggahato paṭṭhāya hoti. Aparabhāge
pana dukkhaṃ pariññātameva hoti .pe. Maggo bhāvitova hoti.
     Tatthassa 2- dve saccāni duddasattā gambhīrāni. Dve gambhīrattā duddasāni.
Dukkhasaccañhi uppattito pākaṭaṃ, khāṇukaṇṭakappahārādīsu "aho dukkhan"ti
vattabbatampi āpajjati. Samudayampi khāditukāmatābhuñjitukāmatādivasena uppattito
pākaṭaṃ. Lakkhaṇapaṭivedhato pana ubhayaṃ tampi gambhīraṃ. Iti tāni duddasattā
gambhīrāni. Itaresaṃ pana dvinnaṃ dassanatthāya payogo bhavaggagahaṇatthaṃ hatthappasāraṇaṃ
viya avīciphusanatthaṃ pādappasāraṇaṃ viya satadhābhinnavālassa koṭiyā koṭipaṭipādanaṃ
viya ca hoti. Iti tāni gambhīrattā duddasāni. Evaṃ duddasattā gambhīresu
gambhīrattā ca duddasesu catūsu saccesu uggahādivasena pubbabhāgañāṇuppattiṃ
sandhāya idaṃ "dukkhe ñāṇan"tiādi vuttaṃ. Paṭivedhakkhaṇe pana ekameva taṃ 3-
ñāṇaṃ hoti.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. pattasaccassa     2 cha.Ma. tattha   3 cha.Ma. ayaṃ pāṭho na dissati
     Sammāsaṅkappaniddese kāmato nissaṭoti nekkhammasaṅkapPo. Byāpādato
nissaṭoti abyāpādasaṅkapPo. Vihiṃsato nissaṭoti avihiṃsāsaṅkapPo. Tattha
nekkhammavitakko kāmavitakkassa padaghātaṃ padacchedaṃ karonto uppajjati,
abyāpādavitakko byāpādavitakkassa, avihiṃsāvitakko vihiṃsāvitakkassa.
Nekkhammavitakko ca kāmavitakkassa paccanīko hutvā uppajjati,
abyāpādaavihiṃsāvitakkā byāpādavihiṃsāvitakkānaṃ.
     Tattha yogāvacaro kāmavitakkassa padaghātanatthaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ vā sammasati
aññaṃ vā pana 1- kiñci saṅkhāraṃ. Athassa vipassanākkhaṇe vipassanāsampayutto
saṅkappo tadaṅgavasena kāmavitakkassa padaghātaṃ padacchedaṃ karonto uppajjati,
vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā maggaṃ pāpeti. Athassa maggakkhaṇe maggasampayutto
saṅkappo samucchedavasena kāmavitakkassa padaghātaṃ padacchedaṃ karonto uppajjati.
Byāpādavitakkassāpi padaghātanatthaṃ byāpādavitakkaṃ vā aññaṃ vā saṅkhāraṃ
sammasati. Vihiṃsāvitakkassa padaghātanatthaṃ vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ vā aññaṃ vā saṅkhāraṃ
sammasati. Athassa vipassanākkhaṇeti sabbaṃ purimanayeneva yojetabbaṃ.
     Kāmavitakkādīnaṃ pana tiṇṇampi pāliyaṃ vibhattesu aṭṭhatiṃsārammaṇesu ekaṃ
kammaṭṭhānampi apaccanīkaṃ nāma natthi. Ekantato pana kāmavitakkassa tāva
asubhesu paṭhamajjhānameva paccanīkaṃ, byāpādavitakkassa mettāya tikacatukkajjhānāni,
vihiṃsāvitakkassa karuṇāya tikacatukkajjhānāni. Tasmā asubhe parikammaṃ katvā jhānaṃ
samāpannassa samāpattikkhaṇe jhānasampayutto saṅkappo vikkhambhanavasena kāmavitakkassa
paccanīko hutvā uppajjati. Jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapentassa
vipassanākkhaṇe vipassanāsampayutto saṅkappo tadaṅgavasena kāmavitakkassa paccanīko
hutvā uppajjati. Vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā maggaṃ pāpentassa maggakkhaṇe
maggasampayutto saṅkappo samucchedavasena kāmavitakkassa paccanīko hutvā
uppajjati. Evaṃ uppanno nekkhammasaṅkappoti vuccatīti veditabbo.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. pana-saddo na dissati
     Mettāya pana parikammaṃ katvā, karuṇāya parikammaṃ katvā jhānaṃ samāpajjatīti
sabbaṃ purimanayeneva yojetabbaṃ. Evaṃ uppanno abyāpādasaṅkappoti vuccati,
avihiṃsāsaṅkappoti vuccatīti veditabbo. Evamete nekkhammasaṅkappādayo
vipassanājhānavasena uppattīnaṃ nānattā pubbabhāge nānā. Maggakkhaṇe pana imesu
tīsu ṭhānesu uppannassa akusalasaṅkappassa padacchedato anuppattisādhanavasena
maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamāno ekova kusalasaṅkappo uppajjati. Ayaṃ sammāsaṅkappo nāma.
     Sammāvācāniddesepi yasmā aññeneva cittena musāvādā viramati,
aññena 1- pisuṇāvācādīhi, tasmā catassopetā veramaṇiyo pubbabhāge nānā.
Maggakkhaṇe pana micchāvācāsaṅkhātāya catubbidhāya akusaladussīlyacetanāya padacchedato
anuppattisādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānā ekāva sammāvācāsaṅkhātā kusalaveramaṇī
uppajjati. Ayaṃ sammāvācā nāma.
     Sammākammantaniddesepi yasmā aññeneva cittena pāṇātipātā viramati,
aññena adinnādānā, aññena kāmesu micchācārā, tasmā tissopetā
veramaṇiyo pubbabhāge nānā. Maggakkhaṇe pana micchākammantasaṅkhātāya tividhāya
akusaladussīlyacetanāya padacchedato anuppattisādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānā
ekāva sammākammantasaṅkhātā kusalaveramaṇī uppajjati. Ayaṃ sammākammanto nāma.
     Sammāājīvaniddese idhāti imasmiṃ sāsane. Ariyasāvakoti ariyassa
buddhassa sāvako. Micchāājīvaṃ pahāyāti pāpakaṃ ājīvaṃ pajahitvā. Sammāājīvenāti
buddhapasaṭṭhena kusalaājīvena. Jīvikaṃ kappetīti jīvitappavattiṃ pavatteti. Idhāpi
yasmā aññeneva cittena kāyadvāravītikkamā viramati, aññena vacīdvāravītikkamā,
tasmā pubbabhāge nānakkhaṇesu uppajjati. Maggakkhaṇe pana dvīsu dvāresu
sattannaṃ kammapathānaṃ vasena uppannāya micchāājīvadussīlyacetanāya padacchedato
anuppattisādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānā ekāva sammāājīvasaṅkhātā kusalaveramaṇī
uppajjati. Ayaṃ sammāājīvo nāma.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. aññenaññena
     Sammāvāyāmaniddeso sammappadhānavibhaṅge anupadavaṇṇanāvasena
āvībhavissati. Ayaṃ pana pubbabhāge nānācittesu labbhati. Aññeneva hi cittena
anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya vāyāmaṃ karoti, aññena
uppannānampahānāya. Aññeneva ca anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya,
aññena uppannānaṃ ṭhitiyā. Maggakkhaṇe pana ekacitteyeva labbhati. Ekameva
hi maggasampayuttaṃ viriyaṃ catukiccasādhanaṭṭhena cattāri nāmāni labhati.
     Sammāsatiniddesopi satipaṭṭhānavibhaṅge anupadavaṇṇanāvasena āvībhavissati.
Ayampi ca pubbabhāge nānācittesu labbhati. Aññeneva hi cittena kāyaṃ
pariggaṇhāti, aññenaññena vedanādīni. Maggakkhaṇe pana ekacitteyeva
labbhati. Ekāyeva hi maggasampayuttā sati catukiccasādhanaṭṭhena cattāri nāmāni
labhati.
     Sammāsamādhiniddese cattāri jhānāni pubbabhāgepi nānā, maggakkhaṇepi.
Pubbabhāge samāpattivasena nānā, maggakkhaṇe nānāmaggavasena. Ekassa hi
paṭhamamaggo paṭhamajjhāniko hoti, dutiyamaggādayopi paṭhamajjhānikā vā dutiyādīsu
aññatarajjhānikā vā. Ekassa paṭhamamaggo dutiyādīnaṃ aññatarajjhāniko hoti,
dutiyādayopi dutiyādīnaṃ aññatarajjhānikā vā paṭhamajjhānikā vā. Evaṃ cattāropi
maggā jhānavasena sadisā vā asadisā vā ekaccasadisā vā honti.
     Ayaṃ panassa viseso pādakajjhānaniyāmena hoti. Pādakajjhānaniyāmena
tāva paṭhamajjhānalābhino paṭhamajjhānā vuṭṭhāya vipassantassa uppanno maggo
paṭhamajjhāniko hoti. Maggaṅgabojjhaṅgāni cettha paripuṇṇāneva honti. Dutiyajjhānato
vuṭṭhāya vipassantassa uppanno maggo dutiyajjhāniko hoti, maggaṅgāni
panettha satta honti. Tatiyajjhānato vuṭṭhāya vipassantassa uppanno maggo
tatiyajjhāniko hoti, maggaṅgāni panettha satta bojjhaṅgāni cha honti. Esa
nayo catutthajjhānato paṭṭhāya yāva nevasaññānāsaññāyatanā.
     Āruppe catukkapañcakajjhānaṃ uppajjati, tañca kho lokuttaraṃ no lokiyanti
vuttaṃ, ettha kathanti? etthāpi paṭhamajjhānādīsu yato vuṭṭhāya sotāpattimaggaṃ
paṭilabhitvā arūpasamāpattiṃ bhāvetvā yo āruppe uppanno, tajjhānikāva tassa
tattha tayo maggā uppajjanti. Evaṃ pādakajjhānameva niyāmeti. Keci pana therā
"vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtā khandhā niyāmentī"ti vadanti. Keci "puggalajjhāsayo
niyāmetī"ti vadanti. Keci "vuṭṭhānagāminīvipassanā niyāmetī"ti vadanti. Tesaṃ
vādavinicchayo heṭṭhā cittuppādakaṇḍe lokuttarapadabhājanīyavaṇṇanāyaṃ 1- vuttanayeneva
veditabbo. Ayaṃ vuccati sammāsamādhīti yā imesu catūsu jhānesu ekaggatā,
ayaṃ pubbabhāge lokiyo, aparabhāge lokuttaro sammāsamādhi nāma vuccatīti. Evaṃ
lokiyalokuttaravasena bhagavā maggasaccaṃ desesi.
     Tattha lokiyamagge sabbāneva maggaṅgāni yathānurūpaṃ chasu ārammaṇesu
aññatarārammaṇāni honti. Lokuttaramagge pana catusaccapaṭivedhāya pavattassa
ariyasāvakassa 2- nibbānārammaṇaṃ avijjānusayasamugghātakaṃ paññācakkhu sammādiṭṭhi,
tathā sampannadiṭṭhissa taṃsampayuttaṃ tividhamicchāsaṅkappasamugghātakaṃ cetaso nibbāna-
padābhiniropanaṃ sammāsaṅkappo, tathā passantassa vitakkentassa ca taṃsampayuttāva
catubbidhavacīduccaritasamugghātikā micchāvācāya virati sammāvācā, tathā viramantassa
taṃsampayuttāva micchākammantasamucchedikā tividhakāyaduccaritavirati sammākammanto,
tesaṃyevassa sammāvācākammantānaṃ vodānabhūtā taṃsampayuttāva kuhanādisamucchedikā
micchāājīvavirati sammāājīvo. Imissāpi sammāvācākammantājīvasaṅkhātāya sīla-
bhūmiyā patiṭṭhamānassa tadanurūpo taṃsampayuttova kosajjasamucchedako anuppannup-
pannānaṃ akusalakusalānaṃ anuppādapahānuppādaṭṭhitisādhako ca viriyārambho sammāvāyāmoti
evaṃ vāyamantassa taṃsampayutto micchāsativiniddhunako kāyādīsu kāyānupassanādisādhako
ca cetaso asammoso sammāsati, iti anuttarāya satiyā suvihitacittārakkhassa
@Footnote: 1 saṅgaṇī. A. 1/350/285        2 cha.Ma. ariyassa
Taṃsampayuttāva micchāsamādhisamugghātikā cittekaggatā sammāsamādhīti. Esa lokuttaro
ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, yo saha lokiyena maggena dukkhanirodhagāminīpaṭipadāti
saṅkhyaṃ 1- gato.
     So kho panesa maggo sammādiṭṭhisaṅkappānaṃ vijjāya, sesadhammānaṃ
caraṇena gahitattā 2- vijjā ceva caraṇañca. Tathā tesaṃ dvinnaṃ vipassanāñāṇena 3-
itaresaṃ samathañāṇena 3- saṅgahitattā samatho ceva vipassanā ca. Tesaṃ vā dvinnaṃ
paññākkhandhena tadanantarānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ sīlakkhandhena avasesānaṃ samādhikkhandhena
adhipaññāadhisīlaadhicittasikkhāhi ca saṅgahitattā khandhattayañceva sikkhattayañca
hoti, yena samannāgato ariyasāvako dassanasamatthehi cakkhūhi gamanasamatthehi ca
pādehi samannāgato addhiko viya vijjācaraṇasampanno hutvā vipassanāñāṇena
kāmasukhallikānuyogaṃ, samathañāṇena attakilamathānuyoganti antadvayaṃ parivajjetvā
majjhimapaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno paññākkhandhena mohakkhandhaṃ sīlakkhandhena dosakkhandhaṃ
samādhikkhandhena ca lobhakkhandhaṃ padālento adhipaññāsikkhāya paññāsampadaṃ,
adhisīlasikkhāya sīlasampadaṃ, adhicittasikkhāya samādhisampadanti tisso sampattiyo
patvā amataṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaroti, ādimajjhapariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sattatiṃsabodhipakkhiya-
dhammaratanavicittaṃ sammattaniyāmasaṅkhātaṃ ariyabhūmiñca okkanto hotīti.
                     Suttantabhājanīyavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
                         --------------



             The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 54 page 89-130. http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=54&A=2078              อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=54&A=2078              อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=35&i=144              เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=35&A=2637              พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=35&A=2598              The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=35&A=2598              Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 35 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_35

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