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| บทนำ พระวินัยปิฎก พระสุตตันตปิฎก พระอภิธรรมปิฎก ค้นพระไตรปิฎก ชาดก หนังสือธรรมะ |
Tattha ranjanavasena rago, pancakamagunaragassetam adhivacanam. Udacchidati ucchindati bhanjati vinaseti. Atitakalikanampi hi chindatiti 1- vattamanavacanam akkharacintaka icchanti. Asesanti sanusayam. Bhisapupphamva saroruhanti sare virulham padumapuppham viya. Vigayhati ogayha, pavisitvati attho. Sesam pubbasadisameva. Kim vuttam hoti? yatha nama ete daraka saram oruyha bhisapuppham saroruham chindanti, evameva yo bhikkhu imam tedhatukalokasannivasam ogayha:- "natthi ragasamo aggi" , 2- "kamaragena dayhami cittam me paridayhati". 3- "ye ragarattanupatanti sotam sayamkatam makkatakova jalam" 4- "ratto kho avuso ragena abhibhuto pariyadinnacitto panampi hanati"ti 5- evamadinayamanugantva ragadinavapaccavekkhanena yathavuttappakarehi silasamvaradihi samvarehi savinnanakavinnanakesu vatthusu asubhasannaya ca thokam thokam ragam samucchindanto anagamimaggena avasesam arahattamaggena ca tato anavasesampi ucchindati, pubbe vuttappakareneva so bhikkhu jahati oraparam urago jinnamiva tacam purananti. Evamesa bhagavata arahattanikutena gatha desita, desanapariyosane ca so bhikkhu arahatte patitthitoti. [3] Yo tanhamudacchidati ka uppatti? bhagava savatthiyam viharati, Annataro bhikkhu gaggaraya pokkharaniya tire viharanto tanhavasena akusalavitakkam vitakketi, bhagava tassajjhasayam viditva imam obhasagathamabhasi. Tattha tasatiti 6- tanha, visayehi tittim na upetiti attho, kamabhavavibhavatanhanametam adhivacanam. Saritanti gatam pavattam, yava bhavagga ajjhottharitva thitanti vuttam hoti. Sighasaranti sighagaminim, sanditthikasamparayikam adinavam @Footnote: 1 cha. chindasi 2 khu.dha. 25/251/60 3 sam.sa. 15/212/227 4 khu.dha. 25/347/77 @5 an. tika. 20/55.72/153,210 (thokam visadisam) 6 cha.Ma. tassatiti--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page17.
Aganayitva muhutteneva paracakkavalampi bhavaggampi sampapunitum samatthanti vuttam hoti. Evametam saritam sighasaram sabbappakarampi tanham:- "uparivisala duppura iccha visatagamini ye ca tam anugijjhanti te honti cakkadharino"ti, 1- "tanhadutiyo puriso dighamaddhanasamsaram itthabhavannathabhavam samsaram nativattati"ti 2- , "uno loko atitto tanhadasoti kho maharaja"ti 3- ca evamadinavapaccavekkhanena vuttappakarehi silasamvaradihi ca yo thokam thokam visosayitva arahattamaggena asesam ucchijjati, so bhikkhu tasmimyeva khane sabbappakarampi jahati oraparanti. Desanapariyosane so bhikkhu arahatte patitthitoti. [4] Yo manamudabbadhiti ka uppatti? bhagava savatthiyam viharati, Annataro bhikkhu gangaya tire viharanto gimhakale appodake sote katanalasetum paccha agatena mahoghena vuyhamanam disva "anicca sankhara"ti samviggo atthasi, tassajjhasayam viditva bhagava imam obhasagathamabhasi. Tattha manoti jatiadivatthuko cetaso unnamano. 4- So "seyyohamasmi"ti mano, "sadisohamasmi"ti mano, "hinohamasmi"ti manoti evam tividho hoti. Puna "seyyassa seyyohamasmiti, seyyassa sadiso, seyyassa hino, sadisassa seyyo, sadisassa sadiso, sadisassa hino, hinassa seyyo, hinassa sadiso, hinassa hinohamasmi"ti manoti evam navavidho hoti. Tam sabbappakarampi manam:- "yena manena mattase satta gacchanti duggatin"tiadina 5- nayena tattha adinavapaccavekkhanena vuttappakarehi silasamvaradihi ca yo thokam thokam vadhento kilesanam abaladubbalatta 6- nalasetusadisam lokuttaradhammanam atibalatta mahoghasadisena arahattamaggena asesam udabbadhi, anavasesappahanavasena @Footnote: 1 khu.ja. 27/797/180 (sya) 2 khu. iti. 25/15,105/241,324, @ khu. maha. 29/891/558 (sya), khu. cula. 30/595/291 (sya) 3 Ma.Ma. 13/305/281 @4 cha.Ma. unnamo 5 khu.dha. 25/6/236 6 Si. abalatidubbalatta--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page18.
Ucchindanto vadhetiti vuttam hoti. So bhikkhu tasmimyeva khane sabbappakarampi jahati oraparanti. Desanapariyosane so bhikkhu arahatte patitthitoti. [5] Yo najjhagamati ka uppatti? imissa gathaya ito Parananca dvadasannam ekayeva uppatti:- ekam samayam bhagava savatthiyam viharati, tena kho pana samayena annataro brahmano attano dhitaya vareyye paccupatthite cintesi "kenaci vasalena aparibhuttapubbehi pupphehi darikam alankaritva patikulam pesessami"ti. So santarabahiram savatthim vicinanto kinci tinapupphampi aparibhuttapubbam naddasa. Atha sambahule dhuttakajatiye brahmanadarake sannipatite disva "ete pucchissami, avassam sambahulesu koci janissati"ti upasankamitva pucchi. Te tam brahmanam upphandenta ahamsu "udumbarapuppham nama brahmana loke na kenaci paribhuttapubbam, tena dhitaram alankaritva dehi"ti. So dutiyadivase kalasseva utthaya 1- bhattavissaggam katva aciravatiya nadiya tire udumbaravanam gantva ekamekam rukkham vicinanto pupphassa vantamattampi naddasa. Atha vitivatte majjhantike dutiyatiram agamasi, tatra ca annataro bhikkhu annatarasmim manunne rukkhamule divaviharam nisinno kammatthanam manasikaroti. So tattha upasankamitva amanasikaritva sakim nisiditva sakim ukkutiko hutva sakim thatva tam rukkham sabbasakhavitapapattantaresu vicinanto kilamati. Tato nam so bhikkhu aha "brahmana kim maggasi"ti. Udumbarapuppham bhoti. Udumbarapuppham nama brahmana loke natthi, musa etam vacanam, ma kilamati. Atha bhagava tassa bhikkhuno ajjhasayam viditva obhasam muncitva samuppannasamannaharabahumanassa ima obhasagathayo abhasi "yo najjhagama bhavesu saran"ti. Sabba vattabba. Tattha pathamagathaya tava najjhagamati nadhigacchi, nadhigacchati va. Bhavesuti kamaruparupasanniasanninevasanninasanniekavokaracatuvokarapancavokarabhavesu. @Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. vutthaya--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page19.
Saranti niccabhavam attabhavam va. Vicinanti pannaya gavesanto. Pupphamiva udumbaresuti yatha udumbararukkhesu puppham vicinanto esa brahmano najjhagama, evam yo yogavacaropi pannaya vicinanto sabbabhavesu kinci saram najjhagama, so asarakatthena 1- te dhamme aniccato anattato ca vipassanto anupubbena lokuttaradhamme adhigacchanto jahati oraparam urago jinnamiva tacam purananti ayamattho yojana ca. Avasesagathasu panassa yojanam avatva visesatthamattameva vakkhama. "yassantarato na santi kopa itibhavabhavatanca vitivatto"ti 2- ettha tava ayam antarasaddo:- "naditiresu santhane 3- sabhasu rathiyasu ca jana sangamma mantenti manca tanca kimantaran"ti 4- "appamattakena visesadhigamena antara vosanamapadi" 5- "anatthajanano kodho kodho cittappakopano bhayamantarato jatam tam jano navabujjhati"ti 6- evam karanavemajjhacittadisu sambahulesu atthesu dissati. Idha pana citte. Tato yassantarato na santi kopati tatiyamaggena samuhatatta yassa citte na santi kopati attho. Yasma pana bhavoti sampatti, vibhavoti vipatti. Tatha bhavoti vuddhi, 7- vibhavoti hani. Bhavoti sassato vibhavoti ucchedo. Bhavoti punnam, vibhavoti papam. Vibhavo abhavoti ca atthato ekameva, tasma itibhavabhavatanca vitivattoti ettha ya esa sampattivipattivuddhihani sassatucchedapunnapapavasena iti anekappakara bhavabhavata vuccati, catuhi maggehi yathasambhavam tena tena nayena tam itibhavabhavatanca vitivattoti evamattho natabbo. @Footnote: 1 Si. asarakattena 2 khu.u. 25/20/119 3 Si. panthane 4 sam.sa. 15/228/242 @5 an. dasaka. 24/84/126 6 an. sattaka. 23/61/99, khu.dha. 25/88/305 7 cha.Ma. vuddhi--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page20.
[7] Yassa vitakkati ettha pana yassa bhikkhuno tayo kamabyapadavihimsavitakka, tayo natijanapadamaravitakka, tayo paranuddayatapatisamyuttalabhasakkara- silokaanavannattipatisamyuttavitakkati ete nava vitakka samantabhadrake 1- vuttanayena tattha tattha adinavam paccavekkhitva patipakkhavavatthanena tassa tassa pahanasamatthehi tihi hetthimamaggehi ca vidhupita bhusam dhupita santapita daddhati attho. Evam vidhupetva ca ajjhattam suvikappita asesa, niyakajjhattabhute attano khandhasantane ajjhattajjhattabhute citte ca yatha na puna sambhavanti, evam arahattamaggena asesa chinna. Chinnanhi kappitanti vuccati. Yathaha "kappitakesamassu"ti. 2- Evamattho datthabbo. 3- [8] Idani yo naccasariti ettha yo naccasariti yo natidhavi. Na paccasariti na ohiyi. Kim vuttam hoti? accaraddhaviriyena hi uddhacce Patanto accasarati, atisithilena kosajje patanto paccasarati. Tatha bhavatanhaya attanam kilamento accasarati, kamatanhaya kamasukhamanuyunjanto paccasarati, kamatanhaya kamasukhamanuyunjanto paccasarati. Sassatahitthiya accasarati, ucchedaditthiya paccasarati. Atitam anusocanto accasarati, anagatam patikankhanto paccasarati. Pubbantanuditthiya accasarati, aparantanuditthiya paccasarati. Tasma yo ete ubho ante vajjetva majjhimam patipadam patipajjanto naccasari na paccasariti evam vuttam hoti. Sabbam accagama imam papancanti taya ca pana arahattamaggavosanaya majjhimaya patipadaya sabbam imam vedanasannavitakkappabhavam tanhamanaditthisankhatam tividham papancam accagama atikkanto, samatikkantoti attho. [9] Tadanantaragathaya pana sabbam vitathamidanti natva loketi ayameva viseso. Tassattho:- sabbanti anavasesam, sakalamanunanti vuttam hoti. Evam santepi pana vipassanupagam lokiyakkhandhayatanadhatuppabhedam sankhatameva idhadhippetam. @Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. samantabhaddake 2 sam.sa. 15/122/95, sam. sala. 18/660/426 (sya) @3 cha.Ma. evamettha attho datthabbo--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page21.
Vitathanti vitathabhavam, 1- niccanti va dhuvanti va sukhanti va subhanti va attati va yatha yatha kilesavasena balajanehi gayhati, tathatathabhavato vitathanti vuttam hoti. Idanti tameva sabbam paccakkhabhavena dassento aha. Natvati maggapannaya janitva, tanca pana asammohato na visayato ca. 2- Loketi okasaloke sabbam khandhadibhedam dhammajatam "vitathamidan"ti natvati sambandho. [10-13] Idani ito parasu catusu gathasu vitalobho vitarago vitadoso vitamohoti ete visesa. Ettha lubbhanavasena lobho, sabbasangahikametam pathamassa akusalamulassa adhivacanam visamalobhassa va, yo so "appekada matumattisupi lobhadhamma uppajjanti, bhaginimattisupi lobhadhamma uppajjanti, dhitumattisupi lobhadhamma uppajjanti"ti 3- evam vutto. Rajjanavasena rago, pancakamagunaragassetam adhivacanam. Dussanavasena doso, pubbe vuttakodhassetam adhivacanam. Muyhanavasena moho, catusu ariyasaccesu annanassetam adhivacanam. Tattha yasma ayam bhikkhu lobham jigucchanto vipassanam arabhi "kudassu namaham lobham vinetva vigatalobho vihareyyan"ti, tasma tassa lobhappahanupayam sabbasankharanam vitathabhavadassanam 4- lobhappahananisamsanca oraparappahanam 5- dassento imam gathamaha. Esa nayo ito parasupi. Keci panahu "yathavutteneva nayena ete dhamme jigucchitva vipassanamaraddhassa tassa tassa bhikkhuno ekamekava etka gatha vutta"ti. Yam ruccati, tam gahetabbam. Esa nayo ito parasu catusu gathasu. [14] Ayam panettha atthavannana:- appahinatthena santane anusayantiti 6- anusaya, kamaragapatighamanaditthivicikicchabhavaragavijjanam etam adhivacanam. Sampayuttadhammanam attano akaranuvidhanatthena mula, akhematthena akusala. Tampatitthabhutatipi 7- mula, savajjadukkhavipakatthena akusala. Ubhayametam @Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. vigatatathabhavam 2 Si.,ka. asammohato ca visayato ca 3 sam.sala. 18/196/140 (sya) @4 Si.,Ma. vitathavadassanattham 5 Si. oraparappahanattham 6 cha.Ma. sayantiti @7 cha.Ma. dhammanam patitthabhutatipi--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page22.
Lobhadosamohanam adhivacanam. Te hi "lobho bhikkhave akusalanca akusalamulanca"tiadina nayena evam niddittha. Evamete anusaya tena tena maggena pahinatta yassa keci na santi, ete ca akusalamula tatheva samuhatase, samuhata icceva attho. Paccattabahuvacanassa 1- hi sekaragamam icchanti saddalakkhanakovida. Atthakathacariya pana "seti nipato"ti vannayanti. Yam ruccati, tam gahetabbam. Ettha pana kincapi so evamvidho bhikkhu khinasavo hoti, khinasavo ca neva adiyati, na pajahati, pajahitva thitoti vutto, tathapi vattamanasamipe vattamanavacanalakkhanena "jahati oraparan"ti vuccati. Atha va anupadisesaya ca nibbanadhatuya parinibbayanto attano ajjhattikabahirayatanasankhatam jahati oraparanti veditabbo. Tattha kilesapatipatiya maggapatipatiya cati dvidha anusayanam abhavo veditabbo. Kilesapatipatiya hi kamaraganusayapatighanusayanam tatiyamaggena abhavo hoti, mananusayassa catutthamaggena, ditthanusayavicikicchanusayanam pathamamaggena, bhavaraganusayavijjanusayanam catutthamaggena. Maggapatipatiya pana pathamamaggena ditthanusayavicikicchanusayanam abhavo hoti, dutiyamaggena kamaraganusayapatighanusayanam tanubhavo, tatiyamaggena sabbaso abhavo, catutthamaggena mananusayabhavaraganusayaavijjanusayanam abhavo hoti. Tattha yasma na sabbe anusaya akusalamula. Kamaragabhavaraganusaya eva hi lobhakusalamulena sangaham gacchanti, patighanusayavijjanusaya ca "doso akusalamulam moho akusalamula"micceva sankhyam gacchanti, ditthimanavicikicchanusaya pana na kinci akusalamulam honti. Yasma va anusayabhavavasena ca akusalamulasamugghatavasena ca kilesappahanampatthesi, 2- tasma:- "yassanusaya na santi keci mula ca akusala samuhatase" iti bhagava aha. @Footnote: 1 Ma. paccattabahuvacanassante 2 Ma. patthesi patthapesi--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page23.
[15] Yassa darathajati ettha pana pathamuppanna 1- kilesa paribahatthena daratha nama, aparaparanca uppanna tehi darathehi jatatta darathaja nama. Oranti sakkayo vuccati. Yathaha "orimam tiranti kho bhikkhu sakkayassetam adhivacanan"ti. 2- Agamanayati uppattiya. Paccayaseti paccaya eva. Kim vuttam hoti? yassa pana upadanakkhandhaggahanaya paccayabhuta ariyamaggena pahinatta keci darathajavevacana kilesa na santi pubbe vuttanayeneva so bhikkhu jahati oraparam. 3- [16] Yassa vanathajati etthapi darathaja viya vanathaja veditabba. Vacanatthe pana ayam viseso:- vanute, vanotiti va vanam, yacati sevati bhajatiti attho, tanhayetam adhivacanam. Sa hi visayanam patthanato sevanato ca "vanan"ti vuccati. Tampariyutthanavasena vanam tharati tanotiti vanatho, tanhanusayassetam adhivacanam. Vanatha jatati vanathajati. Keci panahu "sabbepi kilesa gahanatthena vanathoti vuccanti, aparaparuppanna pana vanathaja"ti. Ayameva cettha uragasutte attho adhippeto, itaro pana dhammapadagathayam. Vinibandhaya bhavayati bhavavinibandhaya, atha va cittassa visayesu vinibandhaya ayatim uppattiya cati attho. Hetuyeva hetukappa. [17] Yo nivaraneti ettha nivaranati cittam hitapatipattim va nivarantiti nivarana paticchadentiti attho. Pahayati chaddetva. Pancati tesam sankhaparicchedo. Ighabhavato anigho. Kathamkathaya tinnatta tinnakathankatho. Vigatasallatta visallo. Kim vuttam hoti? yo bhikkhu kamacchandadini panca Nivaranani samantabhadrake vuttanayena samannato visesato ca nivaranesu adinavam disva tena tena maggena pahaya tesanca pahinatta eva kilesadukkhasankhatassa ighassa abhavena anigho, "ahosim nu kho aham atitamaddhanan"tiadina 4- nayena pavattaya kathamkathaya tinnatta tinnakathankatho, "tattha katame panca salla, ragasallo dosasallo mohasallo manasallo @Footnote: 1 Si. pathamuppanna pathamuppanna 2 sam. sala. 18/316/219 (sya) 3 oraparanti @4 Ma.mu. 12/18/11, sam.ni. 16/20/27--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page24.
Ditthisallo"ti vuttanam pancannam sallanam vigatatta visallo, so bhikkhu pubbe vuttanayeneva jahati oraparanti. Atrapi ca kilesapatipatiya maggapatipatiya cati dvidha eva nivaranappahanam veditabbam. Kilesapatipatiya hi kamacchandanivaranassa byapadanivaranassa ca tatiyamaggena pahanam hoti, thinamiddhanivaranassa uddhaccanivaranassa ca catutthamaggena, "akatam vata me kusalan"tiadina 1- nayena pavattassa vippatisarasankhatassa kukkuccanivaranassa vicikicchanivaranassa ca pathamamaggena. Maggapatipatiya pana kukkuccanivaranassa vicikicchanivaranassa ca pathamamaggena pahanam hoti, kamacchandanivaranassa byapadanivaranassa ca dutiyamaggena tanubhavo hoti, tatiyena anavasesappahanam, thinamiddhanivaranassa uddhaccanivaranassa ca catutthamaggena pahanam hotiti. Evam:- "yo nivarane pahaya panca anigho tinnakathankatho visallo so bhikkhu jahati oraparam urago jinjhamivattacam puranan"ti arahattanikuteneva bhagava desanam nitthapesi. Desanapariyosane so bhikkhu arahatte patitthito. "ekacce yena yena tesam bhikkhunam ya gatha desita, tena tena tassa tassa gathaya pariyosane so so bhikkhu arahatte patitthito"ti vadanti. Paramatthajotikaya khuddakatthakathaya suttanipatatthakathaya uragasuttavannana nitthita. --------------- @Footnote: 1 Ma. u. 14/248/215The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 28 page 16-24. http://84000.org/tipitaka/pitaka_item/read_rm.php?B=28&A=382&modeTY=2&pagebreak=1 อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/pitaka_item/read_th.php?B=28&A=382&modeTY=2&pagebreak=1 อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=25&i=294 เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=25&A=6835 พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=25&A=6720 The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=25&A=6720 Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 25 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_25
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บันทึก ๖ กุมภาพันธ์ พ.ศ. ๒๕๖๑. การแสดงผลนี้อ้างอิงข้อมูลจากอรรถกถาฉบับภาษาบาลี อักษรโรมัน. หากพบข้อผิดพลาด กรุณาแจ้งได้ที่ [email protected]