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Paramatthajotikā nāma khuddakanikāyaṭṭhakathā khuddakapāṭhavaṇṇanā ------------- namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ganthārambhakathā buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi saṃghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi tathā dutiyaṃ tatiyampīti ayaṃ saraṇattayaniddeso khuddakānaṃ ādi. Amissa dāni atthaṃ paramatthajotikāya khuddakaṭṭhakathāya vivarituṃ vibhajituṃ uttānīkātuṃ idaṃ vuccati:- uttamaṃ vandaneyyānaṃ vanditvā ratanattayaṃ khuddakānaṃ karissāmi kesañci atthavaṇṇanaṃ. Khuddakānaṃ gambhīrattā kiñcāpi atidukkarā vaṇṇanā mādiseneva 1- acārentena sāsanaṃ. Ajjāpi tu anacchinno 2- pubbācariyanicchayo tattheva caṭṭhitaṃ yasmā navaṅgaṃ satthu sāsanaṃ. Tasmāhaṃ kātumicchāmi atthasaṃvaṇṇanaṃ imaṃ sāsanañceva nissāya porāṇañca vinicchayaṃ. Saddhammabahumānena nātukkaṃsanakamyatā nāññesaṃ vambhanatthāya taṃ suṇātha samāhitāti. @Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. mādisenesā. 2 cha.Ma. abbocchinno Khuddakavavatthānaṃ tattha "khuddakānaṃ karissāmi, kesañci atthavaṇṇanan"ti vuttattā khuddakāni tāva vavatthapetvā pacchā atthavaṇṇanaṃ karissāmi. Khuddakāni nāma khuddakanikāyassa ekadeso, khuddakanikāyo nāma pañcannaṃ nikāyānaṃ ekadeso. Pañcanikāyā nāma:- dīghamajjhimasaṃyutta- aṅguttarikakhuddakā 1- nikāyā pañca gambhīrā dhammato atthato cime. Tattha brahmajālasuttādīni catuttiṃsa suttāni dīghanikāyo. Vuttañca catuttiṃseva suttantā tivaggo yassa saṅgaho esa dīghanikāyoti paṭhamo anulomikoti. 2- mūlapariyāyasuttādīni diyaḍḍhasataṃ dve ca suttāni majjhimanikāyo. Oghataraṇasutatādīni satta suttasahassāni satta ca suttasatāni dvāsaṭṭhi ceva suttāni saṃyuttanikāyo. Cittapariyādānasuttādīni nava suttasahassāni pañca ca suttasatāni sattapaññāsañaca suttāni aṅguttaranikāyo. Khuddakapāṭho dhammapadaṃ udānaṃ itivuttakaṃ suttanipāto vimānavatthu petavatthu theragāthā therīgāthā jātakaṃ niddeso paṭisambhidā apadānaṃ buddhavaṃso cariyāpiṭakaṃ vinayapiṭakābhidhammapiṭakāni ṭhapetvā vā cattāro nikāye avasesaṃ buddhavacanaṃ khuddakanikāyo. Kasmā panesa khuddakanikāyoti vuccatīti? bahunnaṃ khuddakānaṃ Dhammakkhandhānaṃ samūhato nivāsato ca. Samūhanivāsā hi "nikāyo"ti vuccanti. "nāhaṃ bhikkhave aññaṃ ekanikāyampi samanupassāmi evañcittaṃ, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave tiracchānagatā pāṇā. 3- Poṇikanikāyo cikkhallikanikāyo"ti evamādīni cettha sādhakāni sāsanato ca lokato ca. Ayamassa 4- khuddakanikāyassa ekadeso. Imāni suttantapiṭakapariyāpannāni atthato vivarituṃ vibhajituṃ uttānīkātuñca adhippetāni @Footnote: 1 ka. aṅguttarakhuddakakhuddakā 2 su.vi. 1/23 @3 saṃ. khandha. 17/100/119 dutiyagaddūlabaddhasutta 4 Sī. iccassa Khuddakāni, tesampi khuddakānaṃ saraṇasikkhāpada dvattiṃsākāra kumārapañhā maṅgalasutataratanasutta tirokuḍḍa nidhikaṇḍa mettasuttānaṃ vasena navappabhedo khuddakapāṭho ādi ācariyaparamparāya vācanāmaggaṃ āropitavasena, na bhagavatā vuttavasena. Bhagavatā hi vuttavasena:- anekajātisaṃsāraṃ sandhāvissaṃ anibbisaṃ gahakāraṃ gavesanto dukkhā jāti punappunaṃ gahakāraka diṭṭhosi puna gehaṃ na kāhasi sabbā te phāsukā bhaggā gahakūṭaṃ visaṅkhataṃ visaṅkhāragataṃ cittaṃ taṇhānaṃ khayamajjhagāti 1- idaṃ gāthādvayaṃ sabbassāpi buddhavacanassa ādi. Tañaca manasā 2- vuttavasena, na vacībhedaṃ katvā vuttavasena. Vacībhedampana katvā vuttavasena:- yadā have pātubhavanti dhammā ātāpino jhāyato brāhmaṇassa athassa kaṅkhā vapayanti sabbā yato pajānāti sahetudhammanti 3- ayaṃ gāthā ādi. Tasmā yvāyaṃ navappabhedo khuddakapāṭho imesaṃ khuddakānaṃ ādi, tassādito pabhūti atthavaṇṇanaṃ ārabhissāmi. Nidānasodhanaṃ tassācāyamādi "buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, saṃghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmī"ti. Tassāyaṃ atthavaṇṇanāya mātikā:- kena kattha kadā kasmā bhāsitaṃ ratanattayaṃ 4- kasmācidhādito vutta- mavuttampi ādito. Nidānasodhanaṃ katvā evamettha tato paraṃ buddhañca saraṇagamanaṃ gamakañca vibhāvaye. @Footnote: 1 khu. dhammapada 25/153-154 paṭhamabodhivatthu 2 cha.Ma. manasāva @3 khu. udāna 25/1 paṭhamabodhisutta 4 cha.Ma. saraṇattayaṃ Bhedābhedaṃ phalañcāpi gamanīyañca dīpaye dhammaṃ saraṇamiccādi dvayepesa nayo mato. Anupubbavavatthāne kāraṇañca viniddise ratanattayametañca 1- upamāhi pakāsayeti. Tattha paṭhamagāthāyaṃ tāva idaṃ saraṇagamanattayaṃ kena bhāsitaṃ, kattha bhāsitaṃ, kadā bhāsitaṃ, kasmā bhāsitaṃ, avuttampicādito tathāgatena kasmā idhādito vuttanti pañca pañahā. Tesaṃ vissajjanā:- kena bhāsitanti bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ, na sāvakehi, na isīhi, na devatāhi. Katthāti bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye. Kadāti āyasmante yase saddhiṃ sahāyakehi arahattaṃ patte ekasaṭṭhiyā arahantesu bahujanahitāya sukhāya loke dhammadesanaṃ karontesu. Kasmāti pabbajjatthañca upasampadatthañca. Yathāha:- "evañca pana bhikkhave pabbājetabbo upasamapādetabbo. Paṭhamaṃ kesamassuṃ ohārāpetvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādāpetvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ kārāpetvā bhikkhūnaṃ pāde vandāpetvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīdāpetvā añjaliṃ paggaṇhāpetvā `evaṃ vadehī'ti vattabbo `buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, saṃghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmī'ti ". 3- Kasmācidhādito vuttanti idañca navaṅgasatthusāsanaṃ tīhi piṭakehi saṅgaṇhitvā evaṃ vācanāmaggaṃ āropentehi pubbācariyehi yasmā iminā maggena devamanussā upāsakabhāvena vā pabbajitabhāvena vā sāsanaṃ otaranti, tasmā sāsanotāraṇassa maggabhūtattā idha khuddakapāṭhe ādito vuttanti ñātabbaṃ. Katamaṃ 4- nidānasodhanaṃ ----------- @Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. saraṇattayametañca 2 cha.Ma. sukhāyāti saddo na dissati @3 vinaYu. mahā 4/34 pabbajjūpasampadākathā 4 cha.Ma. kataṃ, Sī. kathaṃ 1. Saraṇattayavaṇṇanā buddhavibhāvanā idāni yaṃ vuttaṃ "buddhañca saraṇagamanaṃ, gamakañca vibhāvaye"ti, tattha sabbadhammesu appaṭihatañāṇanimittānuttaravimokkhādhigamaparibhāvitaṃ khandhasantāna- mupādāya, paṇṇattiko 1- sabbaññutañāṇapadaṭṭhānaṃ vā saccābhisambodhanamupādāya, paṇṇattiko 1- sattaviseso buddho. Yathāha:- "buddhoti yo so bhagavā sayambhū anācariyako pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu sāmaṃ saccāni abhisambujjhi, tattha ca sabbaññutampatto, balesu ca vasībhāvan"ti. 2- ayaṃ tāva atthato buddhavibhāvanā. Byañjanato pana "bujjhitāti buddho, bodhetāti buddho"ti evamādinā nayena veditabbā. Vuttañacetaṃ:- "buddhoti kenatthena buddho, bujjhitā saccānīti buddho, bodhetā pajāyāti buddho, sabbaññutāya buddho, sabbadassāvitāya buddho, anaññañeyyatāya 3- buddho, vikasitāya 4- buddho, khīṇāsavasaṅkhātena buddho, nirūpakkilesasaṅkhātena buddho, ekantavītarāgoti buddho, ekantavītadosoti buddho, ekantavītamohoti buddho, ekantanikkilesoti buddho, ekāyamaggaṃ gatoti buddho, eko anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho 5- na parehi buddhattā 5- buddho, abuddhivihatattā buddhipaṭilābhā buddho. Buddhoti netaṃ nāmaṃ mātarā kataṃ, na pitarā kataṃ, na bhātarā kataṃ, na bhaginiyā kataṃ, na mittāmaccehi kataṃ, na ñātisālohitehi kataṃ, na samaṇabrāhmaṇehi kataṃ, na devatāhi kataṃ, vimokkhantikametaṃ buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ bodhiyā mūle saha sabbaññutañāṇassa paṭilābhā sacchikā paññatti yadidaṃ buddho"ti 6- ettha ca yathā loke avagantā avagatoti vuccati, evaṃ "bujjhitā saccānī"ti buddho. Yathā paṇṇasosā vātā paṇṇasusāti vuccanati, evaṃ @Footnote: 1-1 cha.Ma. paññattito 2 khu. mahā. 29/893/560, khu. cūḷa. 30/546/271, @khu. paṭi. 31/386/261 3 cha.Ma. anaññaneyyatāya 4 Sī. visavitāya @5-5 cha.Ma., i. ime pāṭhā na dissanti. 6 khu. mahā 29/893/560 (sayā) Bodhetā pajāyāti buddho. Sabbaññutāya buddhoti sabbadhammabujjhanasamatthāya buddhiyā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. Sabbadassāvitāya buddhoti sabbadhammabodhanasamatthāya buddhiyā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. Anaññañeyyatāya 1- budadhoti aññena abodhito sayameva buddhattā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. Vikasitāya buddhoti nānāguṇavikasanato 2- padumamiva vikasanatthena buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. Khīṇāsavasaṅkhātena buddhoti evamādīhi cittasaṅkocakaradhammappahānato niddākkhayavibuddho puriso viya sabbakilesaniddākkhaya- vibuddhattā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. Ekāyanamaggaṃ gatoti buddhoti buddhaṭṭhānaṃ gamanatthapariyāyato yathā maggaṃ gato puriso gatoti vuccati, evaṃ ekāyanamaggaṃ gatattāpi buddhoti vuccatīti dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Eko anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti buddhoti na parehi buddhattā buddho, kintu sayameva anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhattā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. Abuddhivihatattā buddhipaṭi- lābhā buddhoti buddhi buddhaṃ bodhīti 3- pariyāyavacanametaṃ. Tattha yathā nīlarattaguṇayogato "nīlo paṭo ratto paṭo"ti vuccati, evaṃ buddhiguṇayogato buddhoti ñāpetuṃ vuttaṃ hoti. Tato paraṃ buddhoti netaṃ nāmanti evamādi atthamanugatā ayaṃ paññattīti bodhanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. 4- evarūpena nayena sabbesaṃ padānaṃ buddhasaddassa sādhanasamattho attho veditabbo. Ayaṃ byañajanatopi buddhavibhāvanā ----------- saraṇagamanagamakavibhāvanā idāni saraṇagamanādīsu hiṃsatīti saraṇaṃ, saraṇagatānaṃ teneva saraṇagamanena bhayaṃ santāsaṃ dukkhaṃ duggatiṃ parikkilesaṃ hiṃsati vidhamati nīharati nipothetīti 5- attho. Athavā hite pavattanena ahitā ca nivattanena sattānaṃ bhayaṃ hiṃsatīti buddho, bhavakantārauttaraṇena assāsadānena ca dhammo, appakānampi sakkārānaṃ 6- @Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. anaññaneyyatāya 2 Sī. nānāguṇavisavanato. 3 cha.Ma.bodhoti @4 cha.Ma. vuttanti 5 cha.Ma. nirodhetīti @6 cha.Ma. kārānaṃ, Sī. appakānaṃ kārānaṃ dānapūjanavasena upanītasakkārānaṃ Vipulaphalapaṭilābhakaraṇena saṃgho. Tasmā imināpi pariyāyena taṃ ratanattayaṃ saraṇaṃ. Tappasādataggarutāhi vihataviddhaṃsitakileso tapparāyanatākārappavatto vā parapaccayo 1- vā apparapaccayo vā cittuppādo saraṇagamanaṃ. Taṃsamaṅgī satto taṃ saraṇaṃ gacchati, vuttappakārena cittuppādena `esa me saraṇaṃ, esa me parāyanan"ti evametaṃ upetīti attho. Upento ca "ete mayaṃ bhante bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca, upāsake no bhagavā dhāretū"ti tapussabhallikādayo 2- viya sammānena vā "satthā me bhante bhagavā, sāvakohamasmī"ti 3- mahākassapādayo viya sissabhāvūpagamanena vā "evaṃ vutate brahmāyu brāhmaṇo uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjalimpaṇāmetvā tikkhattuṃ udānaṃ udānesi `namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa. Namo .pe. Sammāsambuddhassā'ti" 4- brahmāyuādayo viya tappoṇattena vā, kammaṭṭhānānuyogino viya attasanniyyātanena vā, ariyapuggalā viya saraṇagamanūpakkilesasamucchedena vāti anekappakāraṃ visayato kiccato ca, upeti. Ayaṃ saraṇagamanassa gamakassa ca vibhāvanā. ----------- Bhedābhedaphaladīpanā idāni "bhedābhedaṃ phalañcāpi, gamanīyañca dīpaye"ti vuttānaṃ bhedādīnaṃ ayaṃ dīpanā:- evaṃ saraṇagatassa puggalassa dubbidho saraṇagamanabhedo sāvajjo ca anavajjo ca. Anavajjo kālakiriyāya, sāvajjo aññasatthari vuttappakārāya pavattiyā, tasmiñca vuttappakāraviparītāya pavattiyā. So dubbidhopi puthujjanānameva. Buddhaguṇesu aññāṇasaṃsayamicchāñāṇappavattiyā ca anādarādippavattiyā ca tesaṃ saraṇaṃ saṅkisiṭṭhaṃ hoti. Ariyapuggalā pana abhinnasaraṇā ceva asaṅkiliṭṭhasaraṇā ca honti. Yathāha "aṭṭhānametaṃ bhikkhave anavakāso, yaṃ diṭṭhisampanno puggalo aññaṃ satthāraṃ uddisseyyā"ti. 5- puthujjanā @Footnote: 1 cha.Ma., i. ayaṃ pāṭho na dissati. 2 Sī. tapassu... @3 saṃ.ni. 16/154/210 cīvarasutta 4 Ma.Ma. 13/388/373 brahmāyusutta @5 Ma. upari 14/128/114 bahudhātukasutta Tu yāva 1- saraṇabhedaṃ na pāpuṇanti, tāvadeva abhinnasaraṇā. Sāvajjo ca 2- tesaṃ saraṇabhedo, saṅkileso ca aniṭṭhaphalado hoti. Anavajjo avipākattā aphalo, abhedo pana phalato iṭṭhameva phalaṃ deti. Yathāha:- "yekeci buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gatāse na te gamissanti apāyabhūmiṃ pahāya mānusaṃ dehaṃ devakāyaṃ paripūressantī"ti. 3- tatra ca ye saraṇagamanūpakkilesasamucchedanasaraṇaṃ gatā, te apāyaṃ na gamissanti. Itare pana saraṇagamanena na gamissantīti evaṃ gāthāya adhippāyo veditabbo. Ayantāva bhedābhedaphaladīpanā. ---------------- Gamanīyadīpanā gamanīyadīpanāya codako āha:- "buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi"ti ettha yo buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchati, esa buddhaṃ vā gaccheyya saraṇaṃ vā, ubhayathāpi ca ekassa vacanaṃ niratthakaṃ. Kasmā? gamanakiriyāya kammadvayābhāvato. Na hettha "ajaṃ gāmaṃ netī"ti ādīsu viya dvikammakattaṃ akkharacintakā icchanti. "gacchateva pubbaṃ disaṃ, gacchati pacchimaṃ disan"tiādīsu 4- viya samānādhikaraṇabhāvoti ce. 5- na buddhassaraṇānaṃ samānādhikaraṇābhāvassa anadhippetato. Etesaṃ hi samānādhikaraṇabhāve adhippete paṭihatacittopi buddhaṃ upasaṅkamanto buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato siyā. Yaṃ hi taṃ buddhoti visesitaṃ saraṇaṃ, tamevesa gatoti. "etaṃ kho saraṇaṃ khemaṃ, etaṃ saraṇamuttaman"ti 6- vacanato samānādhikaraṇattamevāti ce. Na tattheva byabhicārābhāvato. 7- tattheva hi gāthāpade etaṃ buddhādiratanattayaṃ saraṇaṃ gatānaṃ bhayaharaṇattasaṅkhāte saraṇabhāve abyabhicāraṇato 8- "khemamuttamañca @Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. yāvadeva 2 cha.Ma. sāvajjova 3 saṃ. sa. 15/37/30samayasutta dī. mahā. 10/33/217 @4 saṃ.sa. 15/159/146 godhikasutta, saṃ. khandha. 17/87/99 akkalisutta @5 cha.Ma. sātthakamevāti ce. 6 khu. dhammapada. 25/192/51 aggidattapurohitavatthu @7 cha.Ma. tabbhāvato 8 cha.Ma. abyabhicaraṇato Saraṇan"ti ayaṃ samānādhikaraṇabhāvo adhippeto. Aññattha tu gamisambandhe sati saraṇagamanassa appasiddhito anadhippetoti asādhitametaṃ. 1- "etaṃ saraṇamāgamma sabbadukkhā pamuccatī"ti ettha gamisambandhepi pasiddhe 2- saraṇagamanappasiddhito samānādhikaraṇattamevāti ce. Na pubbe vuttadosappasaṅgato. Tatrāpi hi samānādhikaraṇa- bhāve sati etaṃ buddhadhammasaṃghākhyaṃ saraṇaṃ 3- paṭihatacittopi āgamma sabbadukkhā pamucceyyāti evaṃ pubbe vuttadosappasaṅgo eva siyā, na ca no dosena atthi atthoti asādhitametaṃ. 1- yathā "mamaṃ hi ānanda kalyāṇamittaṃ āgamma jātidhammā sattā jātiyā parimuccantī"ti 4- ettha bhagavato kalyāṇamittassa ānubhāvena parimuccamānā sattā "kalyāṇamittaṃ āgamma parimuccantī"ti vuttā. Evamidhāpi etassa buddhadhammasaṃghākhyassa 5- saraṇassānubhāvena muccamāno "etaṃ saraṇamāgamma, sabbadukkhā pamuccatī"ti vuttoti evamettha adhippāyo veditabbo. Sace evaṃ 6- sabbathāpi na buddhassa gamanīyattaṃ yujjati, na saraṇassa, na ubhayesaṃ, icchitabbañca gacchāmīti niddiṭṭhassa gamakassa gamanīyato vattabbā 7- ettha yuttīti. vuccate:- buddhoyevettha gamanīyo, gamanākāradassanatthantu saraṇavacanaṃ, buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmīti, esa me saraṇaṃ, esa me parāyanaṃ, aghassa vighātā hitassa ca vidhātāti iminā adhippāyena etaṃ gacchāmi bhajāmi sevāmi payirupāsāmi, etaṃ 8- vā jānāmi bujjhāmīti. Yesaṃ hi dhātūnaṃ gati attho, buddhipi tesaṃ atthoti. Itisaddassa appayogo ayuttamīti ce. Taṃ na tattha siyā:- yadi cettha evamattho bhaveyya, tato "so aniccaṃ rūpaṃ "aniccaṃ rūpan"ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī"ti evamādīsu 9- viya itisaddo payutto siyā, na ca payutto, tasmā ayuttametaṃ vuttanti, taṃvacanaṃ, kasmā? tadatthasambhavā. "yo ca buddhañca dhammañca, saṃghañca saraṇaṃ gato"ti evamādīsu 10- viya idhāpi itisaddassa attho sambhavati, na ca @Footnote: 1-1 cha.Ma. asādhakametaṃ 2 cha.Ma. pasiddheti saddo na dissati @3 cha.Ma. buddhadhammasaṃghasaraṇaṃ paṭihatacittopi 4 saṃ.sa. 15/129/105 dutiyaappamādasutta @5 cha.Ma. buddhadhammasaṃghassa 6 Ma. etaṃ 7 cha.Ma. gamanīyaṃ, tato vattabbā @ettha... 8 cha.Ma. evaṃ 9 saṃ. khandha. 17/55/46 udānasutta @10 khu. dhammapada. 25/190/50 aggidattapurohitavatthu Saṃvijjamānatthasambhavā itisaddo sabbattha payujjati, appayuttassa cettha payuttassa viya itisaddassa attho viññātabbo aññesu ca evaṃjātikesu, tasmā adoso eva soti. "anujānāmi bhikkhave imehi tīhi saraṇagamanehi pabbajjan"ti ādīsu 1- saraṇasseva gamanīyato yaṃ vuttaṃ "gamanākāradassanatthaṃ tu saraṇavacanan"ti, taṃ na yuttamīti ce. Taṃ nāyuttaṃ. Kasmā? tadatthasambhavā eva. Tatrāpi hi tassa attho sambhavati, yato pubbasadisameva appayuttopi payutto viya veditabbo. Itarathā hi pubabe vuttadosappasaṅgo eva siyā, tassā yathānusiṭṭhameva gahetabbaṃ. Ayaṃ gamanīyadīpanā. --------- Dhammasaṃghasaraṇavibhāvanā idāni yaṃ vuttaṃ "dhammaṃ saraṇamiccādi, dvayepesa nayo mato"ti ettha vuccate:- yvāyaṃ "buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmī"ti ettha atthavaṇṇanānayo vutto, "dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, saṃghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmī"ti etasmimpi padadvaye eseva nayo veditabbo. Tatra hi dhammasaṃghānaṃ atthato byañjanato ca vibhāvanamattameva asadisaṃ, sesaṃ vuttasadisameva. Yato yadevettha asadisaṃ, taṃ vuccate:- maggaphalanibbānāni dhammoti eke. Bhāvitamaggānaṃ sacchikatanibbānānañca apāyesu apatanabhāvena dhāraṇato paramassāsavidhānato ca maggavirāgā eva imasmiṃ atthe dhammoti amhākaṃ khanti, aggappasādasuttañcettha sādhakaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ "yāvatā bhikkhave dhammā saṅkhatā, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo tesaṃ aggamakkhāyatī"ti evamādi. 2- Catuariyamaggasamaṅgīnaṃ catusāmaññaphalasamādhivāsita 3- khandhasantānānañca puggalānaṃ samuho diṭṭhisīlasaṃghātena saṃghātattā saṃgho. Vuttañcetaṃ bhagavatā:- "taṃ kiṃ maññasi ānanda, ye vo mayā dhammā abhiññā desitā. Seyyathīdaṃ? cattāro satipaṭṭhānā, cattāro sammappadhānā, cattāro Iddhipādā, pañcindriyāni, pañca balāni, satta bojjhaṅgā, ariyo @Footnote: 1 vinaYu. mahāvagga 4/34/30 2 aṅ. catukka. 21/34/39 aggappasādasutta @3 cha.Ma....samadhivāsita... Aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, passasi no tvaṃ ānanda imesu dhammesu dvepi bhikkhū nānāvāde"ti 1- ayaṃ hi paramatthasaṃgho saraṇanti gamanīyo, suttesu ca "āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā"ti vutto. Etaṃ pana saraṇaṃ gatassa aññasmimpi bhikkhusaṃghe vā bhikkhunīsaṃghe vā buddhappamukhe vā saṃghe sammatisaṃghe vā catuvaggādibhede vā ekapuggalepi vā bhagavantaṃ uddissa pabbajite vandanādikiriyāya saraṇagamanaṃ neva bhijjati na saṅkilissati, ayamettha viseso. Vuttāvasesantu imassa dutiyassa ca saraṇagamanassa bhedābhedādividhānaṃ pubbanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Ayantāva "dhammaṃ saraṇamiccādi, dvayepesa nayo mato"ti etassa atthavaṇṇanā. Anupubbavavatthānakāraṇaniddeso idāni anupubbavavatthāne, kāraṇañca viniddise iti ettha etesu ca tīsu saraṇagamanesu sabbasattānaṃ aggoti katvā paṭhamaṃ buddho, tappabhavato tadupadesitato ca anantaraṃ dhammo, tassa dhammassa ādhāraṇato tadāsevanato ca ante saṃgho, sabbasattānaṃ vā hite niyyojakoti 2- katvā paṭhamaṃ buddho, tappabhavato tadupadesitato 3- ca sabbasattānaṃ hitattā anantaraṃ 3- dhammo, hitādhigamāya paṭipanno adhigatahito vāti 4- katvā ante saṃgho, saraṇabhāvena vavatthapetvā pakāsitoti evaṃ anupubbavavatthāne kāraṇañca viniddise. Upamāpakāsanā idāni yasmā vuttaṃ "ratanattayametañca, upamāhi pakāsaye"ti tasmā 5- vuccate:- ettha ca pana puṇṇacando viya buddho, candakiraṇanikaro viya tena desito dhammo, puṇṇacandakiraṇasamuppāditapariḷāho 6- loko viya saṃgho. Bālasuriyo viya buddho, tassa raṃsījālamiva vuttappakāro dhammo, tena hatavihatandhakāro 7- @Footnote: 1 Ma. upari. 14/43/33 sāmagāmasutta 2 Sī. viniyojakoti @3-3 cha.Ma. sabbasattahitattā anantaraṃ dhammo, 4 cha.Ma. cāti 5 cha.Ma. tampi @6 cha.Ma....samuppāditapīṇito, Sī....samuppāditapītiko 7 cha.Ma. vihatandhakāro, @Ma.tirobhāvitandhakāro Loko viya saṃgho. Vanadāhakapuriso viya buddho, vanadahanaggi viya kilesavanadahano dhammo, daḍḍhavanattā khettabhūto viya bhūmibhāgo daḍḍhakilesattā puññakkhettabhūto saṃgho. Mahāmegho viya buddho, salilavuṭṭhi viya dhammo, vuṭṭhinipātūpasamitareṇu viya janapado upasamitakilesareṇu saṃgho. Susārathi viya buddho, assājānīyavinayūpāyo viya dhammo, suvinītassājānīyasamūho viya saṃgho. Sabbadiṭṭhisalluddharaṇato sallako viya buddho, salluddharaṇupāyo viya dhammo, samuddhaṭasallo viya jano, samuddhaṭadiṭṭhisallo saṃgho. Mohapaṭalasamuppātanato vā sallako viya buddho, paṭalasamuppātanupāyo viya dhammo, samuppātitapaṭalo vippasannalocano viya jano, samuppātitamohapaṭalo vippasannañāṇalocano ca saṃgho. Sānusayakilesabyādhiharaṇasamatthatāya vā kusalo vejjo viya buddho, sammā payuttabhesajjamiva dhammo, bhesajjapayogena samupasantabayādhi viya janasamūho samupasantakilesabyādhānusayo saṃgho. Athavā sudesako viya buddho, samaggo viya khemantabhūmi viya ca dhammo, tammaggapaṭipanno khemantabhūmippatto viya ca janasamūho saṃgho. Sunāviko viya buddho, nāvā viya dhammo, tāya pārappatto viya sampattikajano saṃgho. Himavā viya buddho, tappabhavosathamiva dhammo, osathūpabhogena nirāmayo jano viya saṃgho. Dhanado viya buddho, dhanamiva dhammo, yathādhippāyaṃ laddhadhano viya jano sammā laddhaariyadhano saṃgho. Nidhidassako viya buddho, nidhi viya dhammo, nidhippatto viya jano saṃgho. Apica abhayado dhīrapuriso viya buddho, abhayamiva dhammo, sampattābhayo viya jano accantapattābhayo saṃgho. Assāsako viya buddho, assāso viya dhammo, assatthajano viya saṃgho. Sumitto viya buddho, hitūpadeso viya dhammo, hitānuyogena pattasadattho viya jano saṃgho. Ratanākaro viya buddho, ratanasāro viya dhammo, ratanasārūpabhogī viya jano saṃgho. Rājakumāranahāpako viya buddho, sunahānasalilaṃ viya dhammo, sunahātarājakumāravaggo viya saddhammasalilasunahāto saṃgho. Alaṅkārakārako viya buddho, alaṅkāro viya dhammo, alaṅkatarājaputtagaṇo viya saddhammālaṅkato saṃgho. Candanarukkho viya buddho, tappabhavacandanamiva dhammo, Candanūpabhogena vūpasantapariḷāho viya jano saddhammamūpabhogena accantavūpasanta- pariḷāho saṃgho. Dhammadāyajjasampadānako pitā viya buddho, dāyajjaṃ viya dhammo, dāyajjaraho puttavaggo viya saddhammadāyajjaraho saṃgho. Vikasitapadumaṃ viya buddho, tappabhavamadhu viya dhammo, tadūpabhogī madhukaragaṇo viya saṃghoti. Evaṃ ratanametañca upamāhi pakāsayeti. Ettāvatā ca yā pubbe "kena kattha kadā kasmā, bhāsitaṃ saraṇattayanti ādīhi catūhi gāthāhi atthavaṇṇanāya mātikā nikkhittā, sā atthato pakāsitā hotīti. Paramatthajotikāya khuddakapāṭhaṭṭhakathāya saraṇattayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. -------------The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 17 page 1-13. http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=17&A=1 อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=17&A=1 อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=25&i=1 เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=25&A=1 พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=25&A=1 The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=25&A=1 Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 25 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_25
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