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5. Cundasuttavaṇṇanā
[83] Pucchāmi muniṃ pahūtapaññanti cundasuttaṃ. Kā uppatti? saṅkhepato
tāva attajjhāsayaparajjhāsayaaṭṭhuppattipucchāvasikabhedato catūsu uppattīsu imassa
suttassa pucchāvasikā uppatti. Vitthārato pana ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā mallesu
cārikañcaramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṃghena saddhiṃ yena pāvā tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ
bhagavā pāvāyaṃ viharati cundassa kammāraputtassa ambavane. Ito pabhuti yāva
"atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṃghena,
yena cundassa kammāraputtassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte
āsane nisīdī"ti 1- tāva sutte āgatanayena 2- vitthāretabbaṃ.
Evaṃ bhikkhusaṃghena saddhiṃ nisinne bhagavati cundo kammāraputto buddhappamukhaṃ
bhikkhusaṃghaṃ parivisanto byañjanasūpādiggahaṇatthaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ suvaṇṇabhājanāni
upanāmesi, apaññatte sikkhāpade keci bhikkhū suvaṇṇabhājanāni sampaṭicchiṃsu, 3-
keci na sampaṭicchiṃsu. 3- Bhagavato pana ekameva bhājanaṃ attano selamayaṃ pattaṃ,
dutiyabhājanaṃ buddhā na gaṇhanti. Tattha aññataro pāpabhikkhu sahassagghanikaṃ
@Footnote: 1 dī.mahā. 10/189/112 2 cha.Ma. āgatanayeneva 3 cha.Ma. paṭicchiṃsu
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Suvaṇṇabhājanaṃ attano bhojanatthāya sampattaṃ theyyacittena kuñcikatthavikāyaṃ
pakkhipi. Cundo parivisitvā hatthapādaṃ dhovitvā bhagavantaṃ namassamāno bhikkhusaṃghaṃ
olokento taṃ bhikkhuṃ addasa, disvā ca pana apassamāno viya hutvā na naṃ
kiñci abhaṇi bhagavati ca theresu ca gāravena, apica "micchādiṭṭhikānaṃ vacanapatho
mā ahosī"ti. So "kiṃ nu kho saṃvarayuttāyeva samaṇā, udāhu bhinnasaṃvarā
īdisāpi samaṇā"ti ñātukāmo sāyanhasamaye bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā āha
"pucchāmi munin"ti.
Tattha pucchāmīti idaṃ "tisso pucchā adiṭṭhajotanā pucchā"tiādinā 1-
nayena niddese vuttanayameva. Muninti etampi "monaṃ vuccati ñāṇaṃ. Yā
paññā pajānanā .pe. Sammādiṭṭhi, tena ñāṇena samannāgato muni,
monappattoti, tīṇi moneyyāni kāyamoneyyan"tiādinā 2- nayena tattheva
vuttanayameva. Ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepo:- pucchāmīti okāsaṃ karonto muninti
munimuniṃ bhagavantaṃ ālapati. Pahūtapaññantiādīni thutivacanāni, tehi taṃ muniṃ
thunāti. Tattha pahūtapaññanti vipulapaññaṃ. Ñeyyapariyantikattā cassa vipulatā
veditabbā. Iti cundo kammāraputtoti idaṃ dvayaṃ dhaniyasutte vuttanayameva.
Ito paraṃ pana ettakampi avatvā sabbaṃ vuttanayaṃ chaḍḍetvā avuttanayameva
vaṇṇayissāma.
Buddhanti tīsu buddhesu tatiyabuddhaṃ. Dhammassāminti maggadhammassa
janakattā puttasseva pitaraṃ attanā uppāditasippāyatanādīnaṃ viya ca ācariyaṃ
dhammassāmiṃ, dhammissaraṃ dhammarājaṃ dhammavasavattinti attho. Vuttampi cetaṃ:-
"so hi brāhmaṇa bhagavā anuppannassa maggassa
uppādetā, asañjātassa maggassa sañjanetā, anakkhātassa
@Footnote: 1 khu.cūḷa. 30/122/47 (syā) 2 khu.mahā. 29/67/67, khu.cūḷa. 30/164/82-3 (syā)
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Maggassa akkhātā, maggaññū maggavidū maggakovido, maggānugā ca
pana etarahi sāvakā viharanti pacchā samannāgatā"ti. 1-
Vītataṇhanti vigatakāmabhavavibhavataṇhaṃ. Dipaduttamanti 2- dvipadānaṃ uttamaṃ. Tattha
kiñcāpi bhagavā na kevalaṃ dvipaduttamo eva, atha kho yāvatā sattā apadā vā
dvipadā vā .pe. Nevasaññīnāsaññino vā, tesaṃ sabbesaṃ uttamo. Atha kho
ukkaṭṭhaparicchedavasena dipaduttamotveva 3- vuccati. Dvipadā hi sabbasattānaṃ
ukkaṭṭhā cakkavattimahāsāvakapaccekabuddhādīnaṃ 4- tattha uppattito, tesañca
uttamoti vutte sabbasattuttamoti vuttoyeva hoti. Sārathīnaṃ pavaranti sāretīti
sārathi, hatthidamakādīnametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tesañca bhagavā pavaro anuttarena damakena 5-
purisadamme dametuṃ samatthabhāvato. Yathāha:-
"hatthidamakena bhikkhave hatthidammo sārito ekaṃyeva disaṃ
dhāvati puratthimaṃ vā pacchimaṃ vā uttaraṃ vā dakkhiṇaṃ vā. Assadamakena
bhikkhave assadammo .pe. Godamakena bhikkhave godammo .pe.
Dakkhiṇaṃ vā. Tathāgatena hi bhikkhave arahatā sammāsambuddhena
purisadammo sārito aṭṭha disā vidhāvati, rūpī rūpāni passati, ayaṃ
paṭhamā 6- disā .pe. Saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati, ayaṃ
aṭṭhamī disā"ti. 7-
Katīti atthappabhedapucchā. Loketi sattaloke. Samaṇāti pucchitabbaatthanidassanaṃ.
Iṅghāti yācanatthe nipāto. Tadiṅghāti te iṅgha. Brūhīti ācikkha
kathayassūti.
@Footnote: 1 Ma.u. 14/79/59, khu.mahā. 29/889/551-2 (syā) 2 cha.Ma. dvipaduttamanti
@3 cha.Ma. dvipaduttamo 4 cha.Ma....paccekabuddhabuddhānaṃ
@5 cha.Ma. damanena 6 cha.Ma. ayamekā 7 Ma.u. 14/312/285-6
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[84] Evaṃ vutte bhagavā cundaṃ kammāraputtaṃ "kiṃ bhante kusalaṃ, kiṃ
akusalan"tiādinā 1- nayena gihipañhaṃ apucchitvā samaṇapañhaṃ pucchantaṃ disvā
āvajjento "taṃ pāpabhikkhuṃ sandhāya ayaṃ pucchatī"ti ñatvā tassa
paññattivohāramattā 2- assamaṇabhāvaṃ dīpento āha "caturo samaṇā"ti. Tattha caturoti
saṅkhyāparicchedo. Samaṇāti kadāci bhagavā titthiye samaṇavādena vadati. Yathāha
"yāni tāni puthusamaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ vatakotūhalamaṅgalānī"ti. 3- Kadāci puthujjane.
Yathāha "samaṇā samaṇāti vo bhikkhave jano sañjānātī"ti. 4- Kadāci sekkhe.
Yathāha "idheva bhikkhave samaṇo, idha dutiyo samaṇo"ti 5- kadāci khīṇāsave.
Yathāha "āsavānaṃ khayā samaṇo hotī"ti. Kadāci attānaṃyeva. Yathāha "samaṇoti
bhikkhave tathāgatassetaṃ adhivacanan"ti. 6- Idha pana tīhi padehi sabbepi ariye
sīlavantaṃ puthujjanañca, catutthena itaraṃ assamaṇampi bhaṇḍukāsāvakaṇṭhaṃ kevalaṃ
vohāramattakena samaṇoti saṅgaṇhitvā "caturo samaṇā"ti āha. Na pañcamatthīti
imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vohāramattakena paṭiññāmattakenāpi pañcamo samaṇo nāma
natthi.
Te te āvikaromīti te caturo samaṇe tava pākaṭe karomi. Sakkhipuṭṭhoti
sammukhā pucchito. Maggajinoti maggena sabbakilese vijitāvīti attho.
Maggadesakoti paresaṃ maggadesako. 7- Magge jīvatīti sattasu sekkhesu yo koci
sekkho apariyositamaggavāsattā lokuttare, sīlavantaputhujjano ca lokiye magge
jīvati nāma, sīlavantaputhujjano vā lokuttaramagganimittaṃ jīvanatopi magge jīvatīti
veditabbo. Yo ca maggadūsīti yo ca dussīlo micchādiṭṭhi maggapaṭilomāyapi 8-
paṭipattiyā maggassa dūsakoti attho.
@Footnote: 1 Ma.u. 14/296/267 2 cha.Ma.,i. aññatra vohāramattā
@3 Ma.mū. 12/407/364 4 Ma.mū. 12/435/382
@5 dī.mahā. 10/214/133, Ma.mū. 12/139/98, aṅ.catukka. 21/241/265
@6 aṅ.aṭṭhaka. 23/192/352 (syā) 7 cha.Ma. maggaṃ desetā 8 cha.Ma...paṭilomāya
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[85] "ime te caturo samaṇā"ti evaṃ bhagavatā saṅkhepena uddiṭṭhe
caturo samaṇe "ayaṃ nāmettha maggajino, ayaṃ maggadesako, ayaṃ magge jīvati,
ayaṃ maggadūsī"ti evaṃ paṭivijjhituṃ asakkonto puna pucchituṃ cundo āha
"kaṃ maggajinan"ti. Tattha magge jīvati meti yo so magge jīvati, taṃ me brūhi
puṭṭhoti. Sesaṃ pākaṭameva.
[86] Idānissa bhagavā caturopi samaṇe catūhi gāthāhi niddisanto
āha "yo tiṇṇakathaṃkatho visallo"ti. Tattha tiṇṇakathaṃkatho visalloti etaṃ
uragasutte vuttanayameva. Ayaṃ pana viseso:- yasmā imāya gāthāya maggajinoti
buddhasamaṇo adhippeto, tasmā sabbaññutaññāṇena kathaṃkathāpatirūpakassa
sabbadhammesu aññāṇassa tiṇṇattāpi "tiṇṇakathaṃkatho"ti veditabbo. Pubbe
vuttanayena hi tiṇṇakathaṃkathāpi sotāpannādayo paccekabuddhapariyosānā
sakadāgāmivisayādīsu buddhavisayapariyosānesu appaṭihatañāṇappabhāvattā 1- pariyāyena
atiṇṇakathaṃkathāva honti, bhagavā pana sabbappakārena tiṇṇakathaṃkathoti.
Nibbānābhiratoti nibbāne abhirato, phalasamāpattivasena sadā nibbānaninnacittoti
attho. Tādiso ca bhagavā. Yathāha:-
"so kho ahaṃ aggivessana tassāyeva gāthāya pariyosāne
tasmiṃyeva purimasmiṃ samādhinimitte ajjhattameva cittaṃ saṇṭhapemi
2- sannisādemi, ekodiṃ karomi, 2- samādahāmī"ti. 3-
Anānugiddhoti kañci dhammaṃ taṇhāgedhena anānugijjhanto. Lokassa
sadevakassa netāti āsayānusayānulomena dhammaṃ desetvā pārāyanamahāsamayādīsu
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. paṭihata... 2-2 ka. sannisīdāmi, ekodikaropi
@3 Ma.mū. 12/387/345
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Anekesu suttantesu aparimāṇānaṃ devamanussānaṃ saccapaṭivedhasampādanena
sadevakassa lokassa netā gamayitā tāretā, pāraṃ sampāpetāti attho. Tādinti
tādisaṃ, 1- yathāvuttappakāraṃ lokadhammehi vā 2- nibbikāranti attho. Sesamettha
pākaṭameva.
[87] Evaṃ bhagavā imāya gāthāya "maggajinan"ti buddhasamaṇaṃ niddisitvā
idāni khīṇāsavasamaṇaṃ niddisanto āha "paramaṃ paraman"ti. Tattha paramaṃ nāma
nibbānaṃ, sabbadhammānaṃ aggaṃ uttamanti attho. Paramanti yodha ñatvāti taṃ
paramaṃ paramamicceva yo idha sāsane ñatvā paccavekkhaṇañāṇena. Akkhāti vibhajati 3-
idheva dhammanti nibbānadhammaṃ akkhāti, attanā paṭividdhattā paresaṃ pākaṭaṃ
karoti "idaṃ nibbānan"ti maggadhammaṃ vibhajati "ime cattāro satipaṭṭhānā
.pe. Ayaṃ ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo"ti. Ubhayampi vā ugghaṭitaññūnaṃ
saṅkhepadesanāya ācikkhati, vipañcitaññūnaṃ vitthāradesanāya vibhajati. Evaṃ
ācikkhanto ca "idheva sāsane ayaṃ dhammo, na ito bahiddhā"ti sīhanādaṃ
nadanto akkhāti ca vibhajati. Tena vuttaṃ "akkhāti vibhajati 3- idheva dhamman"ti.
Taṃ kaṅkhachidaṃ muniṃ anejanti taṃ evarūpaṃ catusaccapaṭivedhena attano, desanāya
ca paresaṃ kaṅkhacchedanena kaṅkhacchidaṃ, moneyyasamannāgamena muniṃ, ejāsaṅkhātāya
taṇhāya abhāvato anejaṃ dutiyaṃ bhikkhunamāhu maggadesinti.
[88] Evaṃ imāya gāthāya sayaṃ anuppannaṃ 4- maggaṃ uppādetvā
desanāya anuttaro maggadesī samānopi dūtamiva lekhavācakamiva ca rañño attano
sāsanaharaṃ sāsanajotakañca "maggadesin"ti khīṇāsavasamaṇaṃ niddisitvā idāni
@Footnote: 1 Sī. tādinaṃ 2 cha.Ma. vā-saddo na dissati
@3 cha.Ma. vibhajate 4 cha.Ma.,i. anuttaraṃ
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Sekkhasamaṇañca sīlavantaputhujjanasamaṇañca niddisanto āha "yo dhammapade"ti.
Tattha padavaṇṇanā pākaṭāyeva. Ayaṃ panettha atthavaṇṇanā:- yo nibbānadhammassa
padattā dhammapade, ubho ante anupagamma desitattā āsayānurūpato vā
satipaṭṭhānādinānappakārehi desitattā sudesite, maggasamaṅgīpi anavasitamaggakiccattā
magge jīvati, sīlasaṃyamena saññato, kāyādīsu supatiṭṭhitāya cirakatādisaraṇāya
vā satiyā satimā, anumattassāpi vajjassa abhāvato anavajjattā, koṭṭhāsabhāvena
ca padattā sattattiṃsabodhipakkhiyadhammasaṅkhātāni anavajjapadāni bhaṅgañāṇato pabhuti
bhāvanāsevanāya sevamāno, taṃ bhikkhūnaṃ tatiyaṃ maggajīvinti āhūti.
[89] Evaṃ bhagavā imāya gāthāya "maggajīvin"ti sekkhasamaṇaṃ sīlavantaṃ
puthujjanasamaṇañca niddisitvā idāni taṃ bhaṇḍukāsāvakaṇṭhaṃ 1- kevalaṃ
vohāramattakasamaṇaṃ 2- niddisanto āha "../../bdpicture/chadanaṃ katvānā"ti. Tattha chadanaṃ katvānāti
patirūpaṃ karitvā, vesaṃ gahetvā, liṅgaṃ dhāretvāti attho. Subbatānanti
buddhapaccekabuddhasāvakānaṃ. Tesaṃ hi sundarāni vatāni, tasmā te subbatāti
vuccanti. Pakkhandīti pakkhandako, anto pavisakoti attho. Dussīlo hi
gūthapaṭicchādanatthaṃ tiṇapaṇṇādicchadanaṃ viya attano dussīlabhāvapaṭicchādanatthaṃ
subbatānaṃ chadanaṃ katvāna 3- "ahampi bhikkhū"ti bhikkhumajjhe pakkhandati,
"ettakavassena bhikkhunā gahetabbaṃ etan"ti lābhe dīyamāne "ahaṃ
ettakavasso"ti gaṇhituṃ pakkhandati, tena vuccati "../../bdpicture/chadanaṃ katvāna subbatānaṃ
pakkhandī"ti. Catunnampi khattiyādikulānaṃ uppannaṃ pasādaṃ ananurūpapaṭipattiyā
dūsetīti kuladūsako. Pagabbhoti aṭṭhaṭṭhānena kāyapāgabbhiyena, catuṭṭhānena
vacīpāgabbhiyena, anekaṭṭhānena manopāgabbhiyena ca samannāgatoti attho.
Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāraṃ pana mettasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ pavakkhāma. 4-
@Footnote: 1 Ma. bhaṇḍuṃ kāsāvakaṇṭhaṃ 2 cha.Ma. vohāramattasamaṇaṃ
@3 cha.Ma. katvā 4 cha.Ma. vakkhāma
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Katapaṭicchādanalakkhaṇāya māyāya samannāgatattā māyāvī. Sīlasaṃyamābhāvena
asaññato. 1- Palāpasadisattā palāPo. Yathā hi palāpo anto taṇḍularahitopi
bahi thusena vīhi viya dissati, evamidhekacco anto sīlādiguṇasāravirahitopi bahi
subbatacchadanena samaṇavesena samaṇo viya dissati, eso 2- evaṃ palāpasadisattā
"palāpo"ti vuccati. Ānāpānassatisutte pana "apalāpāyaṃ bhikkhave parisā, nippalāpāyaṃ
bhikkhave parisā suddhā sāre 3- patiṭṭhitā"ti 4- evaṃ puthujjanakalyāṇopi
"palāpo"ti vutto. Idha pana kapilasutte ca "tato palāpe vāhetha assamaṇe
samaṇamānine"ti evaṃ pārājiko "palāpo"ti vutto. Patirūpena caraṃ sa maggadūsīti
taṃ subbatānaṃ chadanaṃ katvā yathā carantaṃ "āraññiko ayaṃ, rukkhamūliko,
paṃsukūliko, piṇḍapātiko, appiccho, santuṭṭho"ti maṃ 5- jano jānāti, evaṃ
patirūpena yuttarūpena vā bāhiramaṭṭhena ācārena 6- caraṃ so puggalo 6- attano
lokuttaramaggassa, paresaṃ sugatimaggassa ca dūsanato "maggadūsī"ti veditabbo.
[90] Evaṃ imāya gāthāya "maggadūsī"ti dussīlaṃ vohāramattakasamaṇaṃ
niddisitvā idāni tesaṃ aññamaññaṃ abyāmissībhāvaṃ dīpento āha "ete
ca paṭivijjhī"ti. Tassattho:- ete caturo samaṇe yathāvuttena lakkhaṇena
paṭivijjhi aññāsi sacchākāsi yo gahaṭṭho khattiyo vā brāhmaṇo vā añño
vā koci, imesaṃ catunnaṃ samaṇānaṃ lakkhaṇassavanamattena sutavā, tasseva
lakkhaṇassa ariyānaṃ santike sutattā ariyasāvako, teyeva samaṇe "ayañca ayañca
evaṃlakkhaṇo"ti pajānanamattena sappañño, yādiso ayaṃ pacchā vutto maggadūsī,
itarepi sabbe netādisāti ñatvā iti disvā evaṃ pāpaṃ 8- karontampi etaṃ
@Footnote: 1 ka. asaṃyato 2 cha.Ma. so 3 ka. parisuddhasāre
@4 Ma.u. 14/146/129 5 cha.Ma. ayaṃ pāṭho na dissati
@6-6 cha.Ma. caranto puggalo 7 ka. pāpakaṃ
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Pāpabhikkhuṃ disvā. Tatthāyaṃ yojanā:- ete ca paṭivijjhi yo gahaṭṭho sutavā
ariyasāvako sappañño tassa tāya paññāya sabbe "netādisā"ti ñatvā
viharato iti disvā na hāpeti saddhā, evaṃ pāpakammaṃ karontaṃ pāpabhikkhuṃ
disvāpi na hāpeti na hāyati nassati saddhāti.
Evaṃ imāya gāthāya tesaṃ abyāmissībhāvaṃ dīpetvā idāni iti disvāpi
"sabbe netādisā"ti jānantaṃ ariyasāvakaṃ pasaṃsanto āha "kathaṃ hi duṭṭhenā"ti
tassa sambandho:- etadeva ca kathañhi yuttaṃ sutavato ariyasāvakassa,
yadidaṃ ekaccaṃ pāpaṃ karontaṃ iti disvāpi sabbe "netādisā"ti jānanaṃ.
Kiṃkāraṇā 1- ? kathañhi duṭṭhena asampaduṭṭhaṃ, suddhaṃ asuddhena samaṃ kareyyāti.
Tassattho:- kathaṃ hi sutavā ariyasāvako sappañño sīlavipattiyā duṭṭhena maggadūsinā
aduṭṭhaṃ itaraṃ samaṇaṃ taṃsadisamattameva parisuddhaṃ kāyasamācāratādīhi 2- asuddhena
pacchimena vohāramattakasamaṇena samaṃ kareyya sadisanti jāneyyāti.
Suttapariyosāne upāsakassa maggo vā phalaṃ vā na kathitaṃ. Kaṅkhāmattameva
hi tassa pahīnanti.
Paramatthajotikāya khuddakaṭṭhakathāya
suttanipātavaṇṇanāya
cundasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 28 page 161-169.
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=28&A=3877&pagebreak=1
อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=28&A=3877&pagebreak=1
อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=25&i=302
เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=25&A=7177
พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=25&A=7128
The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=25&A=7128
Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 25
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_25
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