AtthaPali Vol.28

8. Mettasuttavannana karaniyamatthakusalenati mettasuttam. Ka uppatti? himavantapassato kira devatahi ubbalha bhikkhu bhagavato santikam savatthim agacchimsu, tesam bhagava parittatthaya kammatthanatthaya ca imam suttamabhasi. Ayam tava sankhePo. Ayam pana vittharo:- ekam samayam bhagava savatthiyam viharati upakatthaya vassupanayikaya, tena kho pana samayena sambahula nanaverajjaka bhikkhu @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. vutthapentena ² cha.Ma. andhakare va

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Bhagavato santike kammatthanam gahetva tattha tattha vassam upagantukama bhagavantam upasankamanti. Tatra sudam bhagava ragacaritanam savinnanakavinnanakavasena ekadasavidham asubhakammatthanam, dosacaritanam catubbidham mettadikammatthanam, mohacaritanam marananussatikammatthanadini, vitakkacaritanam anapanassatipathavikasinadini, saddhacaritanam buddhanussatikammatthanadini, buddhicaritanam catudhatuvavatthanadiniti imina nayena caturasitisahassappabhedacaritanukulani kammatthanani katheti. Atha kho pancamattani bhikkhusatani bhagavato santike kammatthanam uggahetva sappayasenasananca gocaragamanca pariyesamanani anupubbena gantva paccante himavantena saddhim ekabaddham nilakacamanisannibhasilatalam sitalaghanacchaya ^1- nilavanasandamanditam mutta ^2- dalarajatapattasadisavalukakinnabhumibhagam sucisatasitalajalasaya- parivaritam pabbatamaddasamsu. Atha kho te bhikkhu tatthevekarattim ^3- vasitva pabhataya rattiya sariraparikammam katva tassavidure annataram gamam pindaya pavisimsu. Gamo ghananivesana ^4- sannivitthakulasahassayutto. Manussa cettha saddha pasanna, te paccante pabbajitadassanassa dullabhataya bhikkhu disvaeva pitisomanassajata hutva te bhikkhu bhojetva "idheva bhante temasam vasatha"ti vatva ^5- yacitva panca padhanakutisatani karapetva tattha mancapithapaniyaparibhojaniyaghatadini sabbupakaranani patiyadesum. Bhikkhu dutiyadivase annam gamam pindaya pavisimsu, tatthapi manussa tatheva upatthahitva vassavasam yacimsu. Bhikkhu "antaraye asati"ti ^6- adhivasetva tam @Footnote: ¹ Ma....chaYu... ² cha.Ma. muttatala..., Si. muttajala... @³ cha.Ma. tatthekarattim ⁴ cha.Ma. ghananivesa... @⁵ cha.Ma. ayam patho na dissati ⁶ cha.Ma. asati antarayeti

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Vanasandam pavisitva sabbarattindivam araddhaviriya hutva yamagandikam kottetva yonisomanasikarabahula viharanta rukkhamulani upagantva nisidanti. ^1- Silavantanam bhikkhunam tejena vihatateja rukkhadevata attano attano vimana oruyha darake gahetva ito cito ca vicaranti. Seyyathapi nama rajuhi va rajamahamattehi va gamakavasam gatehi gamavasinam ghare ^2- okase gahite gharamanusaka ghara nikkhamitva annatra vasanta "kada nu gamissanti"ti durato olokenti, evameva devata attano attano vimanani chaddetva ito cito ca vicarantiyo duratova olokenti "kada nu kho bhaddanta gamissanti"ti tato evam samacintesum "pathamavassupagata bhikkhu avassam temasam vasissanti, mayam pana tava ciram darake gahetva okkamma vasitum na sikkhissama, handa mayam bhikkhunam bhayanakam arammanam dassema"ti. Ta ca ^3- rattim bhikkhunam samanadhammakaranavelaya bhimsanakani yakkharupani nimminitva purato purato titthanti, bheravasaddanca karonti. Bhikkhunam tani rupani passantanam tanca saddam sunantanam hadayam phandi. Dubbanna ca ahesum uppanduppandukajata, tena te bhikkhu cittam ekaggam nasakkhimsu katum. Tesam tesam ^4- anekaggacittanam tesam ^4- bhayena ca punappunam samvigganam sati pammussati, ^5- tato nesam mutthassatinam duggandhani arammanani payojesum. Tesam tena duggandhena nimmathiyamanamiva matthalungam ahosi, balhasisavedana uppajjimsu, na ca tam pavattim annamannassa arocesum. Athekadivasam samghattherassa upatthanakale sabbesu sannipatitesu samghatthero pucchi "tumhakam avuso imam vanasandam pavisantanam ^6- katipaham ativiya parisuddho @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. nisidimsu ² cha.Ma. gharesu @³ cha.Ma. ca-saddo na dissati ⁴ cha.Ma. ayam patho na dissati @⁵ cha.Ma. sammussi ⁶ cha.Ma. pavitthanam

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Chavivanno ahosi pariyodato, vippasannani ca indriyani, etarahi panettha ^1- kisa dubbanna uppanduppandukajata, kim vo idha asappayan"ti tato eko bhikkhu aha "aham bhante rattim idisanca idisanca bheravarammanam passami ca sunami ca, idisanca gandham ghayami, tena me cittam na samadhiyati"ti. Eteneva upayena sabbe tam pavattim arocesum. Samghatthero aha "bhagavata avuso dve vassupanayika pannatta, amhakanca imam senasanam asappayam, ayamavuso bhagavato santikam, gantva annam sappayam senasanam pucchama"ti. "sadhu bhante"ti te bhikkhu therassa patissunitva sabbeva ^2- senasanam samsametva pattacivaramadaya anupalitatta ^3- kulesu kanci anamantetva eva yena savatthi tena carikam pakkamimsu. Te ^4- anupubbena savatthim gantva bhagavato santikam agamamsu. Bhagava te bhikkhu disva etadavoca "na bhikkhave antovassam carika caritabbati ^5- maya sikkhapadam pannattam, kissa tumhe carikam caratha"ti. Te bhagavato sabbam arocesum. Bhagava avajjento sakalajambudipe antamaso catuppadapithakatthanamattampi tesam sappayasenasanam naddasa. Atha te bhikkhu aha "na bhikkhave tumhakam annam sappayasenasanam atthi, tattheva tumhe viharanta asavakkhayam papuneyyatha, gacchatha bhikkhave tameva senasanam upanissaya viharatha, sace pana devatahi abhayam icchatha, imam parittam ugganhatha, etanhi vo parittanca kammatthananca bhavissati"ti imam suttam abhasi. Apare panahu:- "gacchatha bhikkhave tameva senasanam upanissaya viharatha"ti idanca vatva bhagava aha "apica kho arannakena pariharanam natabbam. @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. panattha ² cha.Ma. sabbe ³ cha.Ma. anupalittatta @⁴ cha.Ma. ayam patho na dissati ⁵ vi.maha. 4/185/204

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Seyyathidam? sayampatam karanavasena dve metta dve paritta dve asubha dve maranassati atthamahasamvegavatthusamavajjananca. Attha mahasamvegavatthuni nama jatijarabyadhimaranani ^1- cattari apayadukkhaniti, atha va jatijarabyadhimaranani cattari, apayadukkham pancamam, atite vattamulakam dukkham, anagate vattamulakam dukkham paccuppanne aharapariyetthimulakam dukkhan"ti. Evam bhagava pariharanam acikkhitva tesam bhikkhunam mettatthanca parittatthanca vipassanapadakajjhanatthanca imam suttamabhasiti. [143] Tattha karaniyamatthakusalenati imissa pathamagathaya tava ayam padavannana:- karaniyanti katabbam, karanarahanti attho. Atthoti patipada, yam va kinci attano hitam, tam sabbam araniyato atthoti vuccati, araniyato nama upagantabbato. Atthe kusalena atthakusalena, atthe chekenati ^2- vuttam hoti. Yanti aniyamitapaccattam. Tanti niyamitaupayogam. Ubhayampi va yantanti paccattavacanam. Santam padanti upayogavacanam. Tattha lakkhanato santam, pattabbato padam, nibbanassetam adhivacanam. Abhisameccati abhisamagantva. Sakkotiti sakko, samattho patibaloti vuttam hoti. Ujuti ajjavayutto. Sutthu ujuti suhuju. Sukham vaco asminti suvaco. Assati bhaveyya. Muduti maddavayutto. Na atimaniti anatimani. Ayam panettha atthavannana:- karaniyamatthakusalena yantam santam ^3- padam abhisameccati ettha tava atthi karaniyam, atthi akaraniyam. Tattha sankhepato sikkhattayam ^4- karaniyam silavipatti ditthivipatti acaravipatti ajivavipatti evamadi akaraniyam. Tatha atthi atthakusalo, atthi anatthakusalo. @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. jatijarabyadhimaranam ² cha.Ma. atthachekenati @³ cha.Ma. yanta santam. evamuparipi ⁴ cha.Ma. sikkhattayam

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Tattha yo imasmim sasane pabbajitva na attanam samma payojeti, khandasilo hoti, ekavisatividham anesanam nissaya jivikam kappeti. Seyyathidam? veludanam pattadanam pupphadanam phaladanam dantakatthadanam mukhodakadanam sinanadanam cunnadanam mattikadanam ^1- patukamyatam muggasuppatam paribhatyatam ^1- janghapesaniyam vejjakammam dutakammam pahinagamanam pindapatipindadananuppadanam ^2- vatthuvijjam ^3- nakkhattavijjam angavijjanti. Chabbidhe ca agocare carati. Seyyathidam? vesiyagocare vidhavathullakumarikapandakabhikkhunipanagaragocareti. Samsattho ca viharati rajuhi rajamahamattehi titthiyehi titthiyasavakehi ananulomikena gihisamsaggena. Yani va pana tani kulani assaddhani appasannani anopanabhutani akkosakaparibhasakani anatthakamani ahitaaphasukaayogakkhemakamani bhikkhunam .pe. Upasikanam, tatharupani kulani sevati bhajati payirupasati. Ayam anatthakusalo. Yo va pana ^4- imasmim sasane pabbajitva attanam samma payojeti, anesanam pahaya catuparisuddhisile patitthatukamo saddhasisena patimokkhasamvaram satisisena indriyasamvaram viriyasisena ajivaparisuddhim, pannasisena paccayapatisevanam pureti. Ayam atthakusalo. Yo va sattapattikkhandhasodhanavasena patimokkhasamvaram, chadvare ghattitarammanesu abhijjhadinam anuppattivasena indriyasamvaram, anesanaparivajjanavasena vinnupasatthabuddhabuddhasavakavannitapaccayasevanena ajivaparisuddhim, yathavuttapaccavekkhanavasena paccayapatisevanam, catuiriyapathaparivattane satthakadinam paccavekkhanavasena ^5- sampajannanca sodheti, ayampi atthakusalo. @Footnote: ^1-1 cha.Ma.,i. catukamyatam muggasupyatam paribhatutam @² Ma. pindadanam ³ Ma. vatthuvijjam khettavajjam @⁴ khuddaka.A. 213 ⁵ cha.Ma. yo pana

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Yo va yatha usodakam paticca sankilitthavattham pariyodayati, charikam paticca adaso, ukkamukham paticca jatarupam, tatha nanam paticca silam vodayatiti natva nanodakena dhovanto silam pariyodapeti. Yatha ca kikisakunika andam, camarimigi ^1- valadhim, ekaputtika nari piyam ekaputtakam, ekanayano puriso tam ekanayananca ^2- rakkhati, tatha ativiya appamatto attano silakkhandham rakkhati, sayampatam paccavekkhamano anumattampi vajjam na passati, ayampi atthakusalo. Yo va pana avippatisarakaranasile patitthaya kilesavikkhambhanapatipadam pagganhati, tam paggahetva kasinaparikammam karoti, kasinaparikammam katva samapattiyo nibbatteti, ayampi atthakusalo. Yo va pana samapattito vutthaya sankhare sammasitva arahattam papunati, ayam atthakusalanam aggo. Tattha yepime ^3- yava avippatisarakaranasile patitthanena, yava va kilesavikkhambhanapatipadaya pagganhanena ^4- maggaphalena vannita atthakusala, te imasmim atthe atthakusalati adhippeta. Tathavidha ca te bhikkhu. Tena bhagava te bhikkhu sandhaya ekapuggaladhitthanaya desanaya "karaniyamatthakusalena"ti aha. Tato "kim karaniyan"ti tesam sanjatakankhanam aha "yantam santam padam abhisamecca"ti. Ayam ^5- adhippayo:- tam buddhanubuddhehi vannitam santam nibbanapadam pativedhavasena abhisamecca viharitukamena yam karaniyanti. Ettha ca yanti imassa gathapadassa adito vuttameva karaniyanti adhikarato anuvattati, tam santam padam abhisameccati. Ayam pana yasma savasesapatho attho, tasma "viharitukamena"ti vuttanti veditabbam. @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. camarimigo ² cha.Ma. casaddo na dissati @³ cha.Ma. ye ime ⁴ cha.Ma....paggahanena ⁵ cha.Ma. ayamettha

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Atha va santam padam abhisameccati anussavadivasena lokiyapannaya nibbanapadam santanti natva tam adhigantukamena yantam karaniyanti adhikarato anuvattati, tam karaniyamatthakusalenati, evamettha ^1- adhippayo veditabbo. Atha va "karaniyamatthakusalena"ti vutte "kin"ti cintentanam aha "yantam santam padam abhisamecca"ti. Tasseva ^2- adhippayo veditabbo:- lokiyapannaya santam padam abhisamecca yam karaniyam, tanti. Yam katabbam, tam karaniyam, karanarahameva tanti vuttam hoti. Kim pana tanti? kimannam siya annatra tadadhigamupayato. Kamancetam Karanarahatthena ^3- sikkhattayadipakena adipadeneva vuttam, tatha hi tassa atthavannanayam avocumha "atthi karaniyam atthi akaraniyam. Tattha sankhepato sikkhattayam karaniyan"ti. Atisankhepadesitatta pana tesam bhikkhunam kehici vinnatam, kehici na vinnatam, tato yehi na vinnatam, tesam vinnapanattham yam visesato arannakena bhikkhuna katabbam, tam vittharento "sakko uju ca suhuju ca, suvaco cassa mudu anatimani"ti imam tava upaddhagatham aha. Kim vuttam hoti? santam padam abhisamecca viharitukamo lokiyapannaya va Tam abhisamecca tadadhigamaya patipajjamano arannako bhikkhu dutiyacatutthapadhaniyanga- samannagamena kaye ca jivite ca anapekkho hutva saccapativedhaya patipajjitum sakko assa, tatha kasinaparikammavattasamadanadisu, attano pattacivara- patisankharanadisu ca, yani tani sabrahmacarinam uccavacani kimkaraniyani, tesu annesu ca evarupesu sakko assa dakkho analaso samattho. Sakko hontopi ca tatiyapadhaniyangasamannagamena uju assa. Uju hontopi ca sakim ujubhavena @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. evampettha ² cha.Ma. tassevam @³ Si. karanarahattena cha.Ma. karanarahatthena

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Santosam anapajjitva yavajivam punappunam asithilakaranena sutthutaram uju assa. Asathataya va uju, amayavitaya suhuju. Kayavacivankappahanena va uju, manovankappahanena suhuju. Asantagunassa va anavikaranena uju, asantagunena uppannalabhassa anadhivasanena suhuju. Evam arammanupanijjhanalakkhanupanijjhanehi ^1- purimadvayatatiyasikkhahi payogasayasuddhihi ca uju ca suhuju ca assa. Na kevalanca uju ca suhuju ca, apica pana suvaco ca assa. Yo hi puggalo "idam na katabban"ti vutto "kinte dittham, kinte sutam, ko me hutva vadasi, kim upajjhayo acariyo sandittho sambhatto va"ti vadati, tunhibhavena va tam vihetheti, sampaticchitva va na tatha karoti, so visesadhigamassa dure hoti. Yo pana ovadiyamano "sadhu bhante sutthutaram ^2- vuttam, attano vajjam nama sududdasam ^3- hoti, punapi mam evarupam disva vadeyyatha anukampam upadaya, cirassam me tumhakam santika ovado laddho"ti vadati, yathanusitthanca patipajjati, so visesadhigamassa avidure hoti. Tasma evam parassa vacanam sampaticchitva karonto suvaco ca assa. Yatha ca subbaco, evam mudu assa. Muduti gahatthehi dutagamanapahinagamanadisu niyunjiyamano tattha mudubhavam akatva thaddho hutva vattappatipattiyam sakalabrahmacariye ca mudu assa suparikammakatasuvannam viya tattha tattha viniyogakkhamo. Atha va muduti abhakutiko uttanamukho sukhasambhaso patisantharavutti sutittham viya sukhavaggaho assa. Na kevalanca mudu, apica anatimani assa, jatigottadihi atimanavatthuhi pare navamanneyya, ^4- sariputtatthero viya candalakumarakasamena cetasa vihareyyati. @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. arammanalakkhanupanijjhanehi ² cha.Ma. sutthu @³ cha.Ma. duddasam ⁴ cha.Ma. natimanneyya

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[144] Evam bhagava santam padam abhisamecca viharitukamassa tadadhigamaya va patipajjamanassa visesato arannakassa bhikkhuno ekaccam karaniyam vatva puna taduttarimpi ^1- vattukamo "santussako ca"ti dutiyam gathamaha. Tattha "santutthi ca katannuta"ti ettha vuttappabhedena dvadasavidhena santosena santussatiti santussako. Atha va tussatiti tussako, sakena tussako, santena tussako, samena tussakoti santussako. Tattha sakam nama "pindiyalopabhojanam nissaya"ti ^2- evam upasampadamandale ^3- uddittham attanava ^4- sampaticchitam catuppaccayajatam, tena sundarena va asundarena va sakkaccam va asakkaccam va dinnena patiggahanakale paribhogakale ca vikaram adassetva ^5- yapento "sakena tussako"ti vuccati. Santam nama yam laddham hoti attano vijjamanam, tena santeneva tussanto tato param apatthento ^6- atricchatam pajahanto "santena tussako"ti vuccati. Samam nama itthanitthesu anunayapatighappahanam, tena samena sabbarammanesu tussanto "samena tussako"ti vuccati. Sukhena bhariyatiti subharo, suposoti vuttam hoti. Yo hi bhikkhu salimamsodanadinam pattena ^7- puretva dinnepi dummukhabhavam anattamanabhavameva ca dasseti, tesam va sammukhava tam pindapatam "kim tumhehi dinnan"ti apasadento samaneragahatthadinam deti, esa dubbharo. Etam disva manussa duratova parivajjenti "dubbharo bhikkhu na sakka positun"ti. Yo pana yam kinci lukham va panitam va appam va bahum va labhitva attamano attamano vippasannamukho hutva yapeti, ^8- esa subharo. Etam disva manussa ativiya vissattha honti @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. tatuttaripi, evamuparipi ² vi.maha. 4/73/74 @³ cha.Ma. upasampadamalake ⁴ cha.Ma. attana ca ⁵ cha.Ma. vikaramadassetva @⁶ ka. apatthento, cha.Ma. na patthento ⁷ cha.Ma. patte ⁸ Si. yati

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"amhakam bhadanto subharo thokathokenapi ^1- tussati, mayameva tam posissama"ti ^2- patinnam katva posenti. Evarupo idha subharoti adhippeto. Appam kiccamassati appakicco, na kammaramatabhassaramata- sanganikaramatadianekakiccabyavato. Atha va sakalavihare navakammasamghagana ^3- samaneraaramikavosasanadikiccavirahito, attano kesanakhacchedanapattacivara- parikammadim katva samanadhammakiccaparo hotiti vuttam hoti. Sallahuka vutti assati sallahukavutti, yatha ekacco bahubhandikabhikkhu ^4- disapakkamanakale bahupattacivarapaccattharanatelaguladim mahajanena sisabharakatibharadihi uccarapetva ^5- pakkamati, evam ahutva yo appaparikkharo hoti, pattacivaradi- atthasamanaparikkharamattameva pariharati, disapakkamanakale pakkhi sakuno viya samadayeva pakkamati, evarupo idha sallahukavuttiti adhippeto. Santani indriyani assati santindriyo, ittharammanadisu ragadivasena anuddhatin- driyoti vuttam hoti. Nipakoti vinnu vibhavi pannava, silanurakkhanapannaya civaradivicaranapannaya avasadisattasappayaparijananapannaya ca samannagatoti adhippayo. Na pagabbhoti appagabbho, atthatthanena kayapagabbhiyena catutthanena vacipagabbhiyena anekatthanena manopagabbhiyena ca virahitoti attho. Atthatthanam kayapagabbhiyam ^6- nama samghaganapuggalabhojanasalajantaghara- nhanatitthabhikkhacaramaggaantaragharappavesanesu kayena appatirupakaranam. Seyyathidam? idhekacco samghamajjhe pallatthikaya va nisidati, pade padamodahetva ^7- vati @Footnote: ¹ Ma. appakenapi ² cha.Ma. nam posessamati @³ cha.Ma. navakammasamghabhoga... ⁴ cha. bahubhando bhikkhu ⁵ i. uddharapetva @⁶ khuddaka.A. 217 samyutta.A. 188 ⁷ Si. padamadahitva, cha.Ma. padamodahitva

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Evamadi, tatha ganamajjhe, ganamajjheti catuparisasannipate. Tatha vuddhatare puggale. Bhojanasalayam pana vuddhanam asanam na deti, navanam asanena ^1- patibahati, tatha jantaghare, vuddhe cettha anapuccha aggijalanadini karoti. Nhanatitthe ca yadidam "daharo vuddhoti pamanam akatva agatapatipatiya nhayitabban"ti vuttam, tampi anadiyanto paccha agantva udakam otaritva vuddhe ca nave ca badheti. Bhikkhacaramagge pana aggasanaaggodakaaggapindattham vuddhanam purato purato yati bahaya baham paharanto, antaragharappavesane vuddhanam pathamataram pavisati, daharehi kayakilanam karotiti evamadi. Catutthanam vacipagabbhiyam nama samghaganapuggalaantaragharesu appatirupavacaniccharanam. Seyyathidam? idhekacco samghamajjhe anapuccha dhammam bhasati, tatha Pubbe vuttappakare gane vuddhatarapuggale ca. Tattha manussehi panham puttho vuddhataram anapuccha vissajjeti. Antaraghare pana "itthanname kim atthi, kim yagu udahu khadaniyam, kim me dassasi, kim ajja khadissami, kim bhunjissami, kim pivissami"ti evamadikam ^2- bhasati. Anekatthanam manopagabbhiyam nama tesu tesu thanesu kayavacahi ajjhacaram anapajjitva ^3- manasa eva kamavitakkadinanappakaram appatirupavitakkanam. Kulesu ananugiddhoti ^4- yani kulani upasankamati, tesu paccayatanhaya va ananulomiyagihisamsaggavasena va ananugiddho, na sahasoki, na sahanandi, na sukhitesu sukhito, na dukkhitesu dukkhito, na uppannesu kiccakaraniyesu attana va yotamapajjitati ^5- vuttam hoti. Imissa ca gathaya yam "suvaco cassa"ti @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. asanam ² cha.Ma. evamadim ³ cha.Ma. anapajjitvapi @⁴ cha.Ma. kulesvananugiddho ⁵ Si. attanavuyyogamapajjitati

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Ettha vuttam "assa"ti vacanam, tam sabbapadehi saddhim "santussako ca assa, subharo ca assa"ti evam yojetabbam. [145] Evam bhagava santam padam abhisamecca viharitukamassa tadadhigamaya va patipajjitukamassa visesato arannakassa bhikkhuno taduttarimpi karaniyam acikkhitva idani akaraniyampi acikkhitukamo:- "na ca khuddam samacare kinci yena vinnu pare upavadeyyun"ti imam upaddhagathamaha. Tassattho:- evamimam karaniyam karonto yantam kayavacimanoduccaritam khuddam lamakanti vuccati, tam na ca khuddam samacare. Asamacaranto ca na kevalam olarikam, kim pana kinci na samacare, appamattakam anumattakampi ^1- na samacareti vuttam hoti. Tato tassa samacare sanditthikameva adinavam dasseti "yena vinnu pare upavadeyyun"ti. Ettha ca yasma avinnu pare appamanam. Tepi hi anavajjam va savajjam karonti, appasavajjam va mahasavajjam karonti, vinnu eva pana pamanam. Te hi anuvicca pariyogahetva avannarahassa avannam bhasanti, vannarahassa ca vannam bhasanti, tasma "vinnu pare"ti vuttam. Evam bhagava imahi addhadheyyagathahi santam padam abhisamecca viharitukamassa, tadadhigamaya va patipajjitukamassa visesato arannakassa arannakasisena ca sabbesampi kammatthanam gahetva viharitukamanam karaniyakaraniyabhedam kammatthanupacaram vatva idani tesam bhikkhunam tassa devatabhayassa @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. anumattampi

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Patighataya parittattham vipassanapadakajjhanavasena kammatthanatthanca "sukhino va khemino hontu"tiadina nayena mettakatham kathetumaraddho. Tattha sukhinoti sukhasamangino. Kheminoti khemavanto, abhaya nirupaddavati vuttam hoti. Sabbeti anavasesa. Sattati panino. Sukhitattati sukhitacitta. Ettha ca kayikena sukhena sukhino, manasena sukhitatta, tadubhayenapi sabbabhayupaddavavigamena va kheminoti veditabba. Kasma pana evam vuttam? mettabhavanakaradassanattham. Evanhi metta bhavetabba "sabbe satta sukhito hontu"ti va, "khemino hontu"ti va, "sukhitatta hontu"ti va. [146] Evam yava upacarato appanakoti, tava sankhepena mettabhavanam dassetva idani vittharatopi tam dassetum "ye keci"ti gathadvayamaha. Atha va yassa ^1- puthuttarammane paricitam cittam na adikeneva ekagge ^2- santhati, arammanappabhedam pana anugantva kameneva ^3- santhati, tasma tassa tasathavaradi- dukattikappabhede arammane anugantva anugantva santhapanatthampi ^4- "ye keci"ti gathadvayamaha. Atha va yasma yassa yam arammanam vibhutam hoti, tassa tattha cittam sukham titthati, tasma tesam bhikkhunam yassa yam vibhutam arammanam, tassa tattha cittam santhapetukamo tasathavaradidukattikarammanappabhedadipakam "ye keci"ti imam gathadvayamaha. Ettha hi tasathavaradukam ditthaditthadukam durasantikadukam bhutasambhavesidukanti cattari dukani, dighadihi ca chahi padehi majjhimapadassa tisu, anukapadassa ca dvisu tikesu atthasambhavato digharassamajjhimattikam mahantanukamajjhimattikam @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. yasma ² cha.Ma. ethatte @³ cha.Ma. kamena ⁴ cha.Ma. santhanatthampi

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Thulanukamajjhimattikanti tayo tike ca dipeti. Tattha ye keciti anavasesavacanam. Pana eva bhuta panabhuta. Atha va panantiti pana. Etena assasapassasapatibaddhe pancavokarasatte ganhati. Bhavantiti bhuta. Etena ekavokaracatuvokarasatte ganhati. Atthiti santi samvijjanti. Evam "ye keci panabhutatthi"ti imina vacanena dukattikehi sangahetabbe sabbe satte ekajjham dassetva idani sabbepi te tasa va thavara va anavasesati imina dukena sangahetva dasseti. Tattha tasantiti tasa, satanhanam sabhayanam cetam adhivacanam. Titthantiti thavara, pahinatanhabhayanam ^1- arahatam etam adhivacanam. Natthi tesam avasesanti anavasesa, sabbepiti vuttam hoti. Yanca dutiyagathaya ante vuttam, tam sabbam dukattikehi sambandhitabbam:- ye keci panabhutatthi tasa va thavara va anavasesa, imepi sabbe satta bhavantu sukhitatta. Evam yava bhuta va sambhavesi va imepi sabbe satta bhavantu sukhitattati. Idani digharassamajjhimaditikattayadipakesu digha vatiadisu chasu padesu dighati dighattabhava nagamacchagodhadayo. Anekabyamasatappamanapi hi mahasamudde nagadinam ^2- attabhava anekayojanappamanapi macchagodhadinam attabhava honti. Mahantati mahantattabhava jale macchakacchapadayo, thale hatthinagadayo, amanussesu danavadayo. Aha ca "rahuggam attabhavinan"ti. ^3- Tassa hi atta ^4- ubbedhena cattari yojanasahassani attha ca yojanasatani, bahu dvadasayojanasataparimana, pannasayojanam bhamukantaram, tatha ca ^5- @Footnote: ¹ ka. pahinatanhagamananam ² cha.Ma. naganam @³ an.catukka. 21/15/19 ⁴ cha.Ma. attabhavo @⁵ cha.Ma. casaddo na dissati

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Angulantarika, hatthalani dve yojanasataniti. Majjhimati assagonamahimsasukaradinam attabhava. Rassakati tasu tasu jatisu vamanadayo dighamajjhimehi omakappamana satta. Anukati mamsacakkhussa agocara dibbacakkhuvisaya udakadisu nibbatta sukhumattabhava satta, ukadayo va. Apica ye tasu tasu jatisu mahantamajjhimehi thulamajjhimehi ca omakappamana satta, te anukati veditabba. Thulati parimandalattabhava macchakummasippikasambukadayo satta. [147] Evam tihi tikehi anavasesato satte dassetva idani "dittha va ye ca ^1- aditthatiadihi tihi dukehipi te sangahetva dassetum aha. ^2- Tattha ditthati ye attano cakkhussa apathamagatavasena ditthapubba. Aditthati ye parasamuddaparaselaparacakkavaladisu thita. "ye ca dure vasanti avidure"ti imina pana dukena attano attabhavassa dure ca avidure ca vasante satte dasseti. Te upadayupadavasena veditabba. Attano hi kaye vasanta satta avidure, bahikaye vasanta dure. Tatha antoupacare vasanta avidure, bahiupacare vasanta dure. Attano vihare game janapade dipe cakkavale vasanta avidure vasanti, ^3- paracakkavale vasanta dure vasantiti vuccanti. Bhutati jata abhinibbatta. Ye bhuta eva, na puna bhavissantiti sankhyam gacchanti, tesam khinasavanametam adhivacanam. Sambhavamesantiti sambhaveSi. Appahinabhavasamyojanatta ayatimpi sambhavam esantanam sekkhaputhujjananametam adhivacanam. Atha va catusu yonisu andajajalabuja satta yava andakosam vatthikosanca na bhindanti, tava sambhavesi nama. Andakosam vatthikosanca bhinditva bahi @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. yeva ² cha.Ma. dasseti @³ cha.Ma. ayam patho na dissati

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Nikkhanta bhuta nama. Samsedaja opapatika ca pathamacittakkhane sambhavesi nama. Dutiyacittakkhanato pabhuti bhuta nama. Yena va iriyapathena jayanti, yava tato annam na papunanti, tava sambhavesi nama. ^1- Tato param bhutati. [148] Evam bhagava "sukhino va"tiadihi addhadheyyagathahi nanappakarato tesam bhikkhunam hitasukhagamanapatthanavasena ^2- sattesu mettabhavanam dassetva idani ahitadukkhanagamanapatthanavasenapi tam dassento aha "na paro param nikubbetha"ti esa poranapatho, idani "param hi"tipi pathanti. Ayam na sundaro. ^3- Tattha paroti parajano. Paranti parajanam. Na nikubbethati na vambheyya. ^4- Natimannethati na atikkamitva manneyya. Katthaciti katthaci okase, game va khette ^5- va natimajjhe va puttamajjhe vatiadisu. ^6- Nanti etam. Kanciti yam kanci khattiyam va brahmanam va gahattham va pabbajitam va sugatam va duggatam vatiadi. Byarosana patighasannati kayavacivikarehi byarosanaya ca, manovikarena patighasannaya ca. "byarosanaya patighasannaya"ti hi vattabbe "byarosana patighasanna"ti vuccati yatha "sammadannaya vimutta"ti vattabbe "sammadanna vimutta"ti, ^7- yatha ca "anupubbasikkhaya anupubbakiriyaya anupubbapatipadaya"ti vattabbe "anupubbasikkha anupubbakiriya anupubbapatipada annaradhana"ti. ^8- Nannamannassa dukkhamiccheyyati annamannassa dukkham na iccheyya. Kim vuttam hoti? na kevalam "sukhino va khemino @Footnote: ¹ ka. sambhavesi ² cha.Ma.... gamapatthana..., ka....gamahapatthana... @³ cha.Ma. sobhano ⁴ cha.Ma.,i. na vanceyya @⁵ Ma. nigame va khette va ⁶ cha.Ma. pugamajjhe vatiadi @⁷ sam.maha. 19/988/283, Ma.u. 14/147/129 @⁸ an.atthaka. 23/109/203, 110/210 (sya) khu.u. 25/45/168, vi.cula. 7/385/208

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Hontu"tiadimanasikaravaseneva mettam bhaveyya, kim pana "aho vata yo koci parapuggalo yam kanci parapuggalam vancanadihi nikatihi na nikubbetha, jatiadihi ca navahi manavatthuhi katthaci padese yam kanci parapuggalam natimanneyya, annamannassa ca byarosanaya va patighasannaya va dukkham na iccheyya"ti evampi manasikaronto bhaveyyati. [149] Evam ahitadukkhanagamanapatthanavasena atthato mettabhavanam dassetva idani tameva upamaya dassento aha "mata yatha niyam puttan"ti. Tassattho:- yatha mata niyam puttam attani jatam orasam puttam, tanca ekaputtameva ayusa anurakkhe, tassa dukkhagamanapatibahanattham ^1- attano ayumpi cajitva tam anurakkhe, evampi sabbabhutesu idam mettamanasam bhavaye, punappunam janaye vaddhaye, tanca aparimanasattarammanavasena ekasmim va satte anavasesapharanavasena aparimanam bhavaye iti. [150] Evam sabbakarena mettabhavanam dassetva idani tasseva vaddhanam dassento aha "mettanca sabbalokasmin"ti. Tattha mijjati tayati cati mitta, ^2- hitajjhasayataya siniyhati, ahitagamanato rakkhati cati attho. Mittassa bhavo mettam. Sabbanti anavasesam. ^3- Lokasminti sattaloke. Manasi bhavam ^4- manasam. Tanhi cittasampayuttatta evam vuttam. Bhavayeti vaddhaye. Nassa parimananti aparimanam, aparimanasattarammanataya evam vuttam. Uddhanti upari. Tena arupabhavam ganhati. Adhoti hettha. Tena kamabhavam ganhati. Tiriyanti vemajjham. Tena rupabhavam ganhati. Asambadhanti @Footnote: ¹ Si. dukkhopagamapatibahanattham ² cha.Ma. mitto @³ cha.Ma. sabbasmim anavasese ⁴ cha.Ma. manasi bhavanti

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Sambadhavirahitam, bhinnasimanti vuttam hoti. Sima nama paccatthiko vuccati, tasmimpi pavattanti attho. Averanti veravirahitam, antarantarapi veracetanapatubhava- virahitanti vuttam hoti. Asapattanti vigatapaccatthikam. Mettavihari hi puggalo manussanam piyo hoti, amanussanam piyo hoti, nassa koci paccatthiko hoti, tenassa tam manasam vigatapaccatthikatta "asapattan"ti vuccati. Pariyayavacanam hi etam, yadidam paccatthiko sapattoti. Ayam anupadato atthavannana. Ayam panettha adhippetatthavannana:- yadetam "evampi sabbabhutesu manasam bhavaye aparimanan"ti vuttam, tancetam aparimanam mettam manasam sabbalokasmim bhavaye vaddhaye, vuddhim virulhim vepullam gamaye. Katham? uddham adho ca tiriyanca, uddham yava bhavagga, adho yava avicito, tiriyam yava avasesasadisa. Uddham va aruppam, adho kamadhatum, tiriyam rupadhatum anavasesam pharanto. Evam bhaventopi ca tam yatha asambadham averam asapattanca hoti, tatha sambadhaverasapattabhavam karonto bhavaye. Yam va tam va bhavanasampadam pattam sabbattha okasalokavasena ^1- asambadham, attano paresu aghatapativinayena averam, attani ca paresam aghatapativinayena asapattam hoti, tam asambadham averam asapattam aparimanam mettam manasamva ^2- uddham adho tiriyancati tividhaparicchedena sabbalokasmim bhavaye vuddhayeti. [151] Evam mettabhavanaya vaddhanam dassetva idani tava ^3- tam bhavanam anuyuttassa viharato iriyapathaniyamabhavam dassento aha tittham caram .pe. Adhittheyya"ti. Tassattho:- evam cetam ^4- mettam manasam bhavento so "nisidati pallankam abhujitva ujum kayam panidhaya parimukhantiadisu ^5- viya iriyapathaniyamam akatva @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma.,i. okasalabhavasena ² cha.Ma. manasam @³ cha.Ma. ayam patho na dissati ⁴ cha.Ma. evametam @⁵ di.maha. 10/374/248, Ma.mu. 12/107/77, abhi.vi. 35/508/294

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Yathasukham annataraannatarairiyapathabadhanavinodanam karonto tittham va caram va nisinno va sayano va yavata vigatamiddho assa, atha etam mettajjhanassatim adhittheyya. Atha va evam mettabhavanaya vaddhanam dassetva idani vasibhavam dassento aha "titthancaran"ti. Vasibhavappatto hi tittham va caram va nisinno va sayano va yavata ^1- iriyapathena etam mettajjhanassatim adhitthatukamo hoti, atha va tittham caram nisinnoti ^2- na tassa thanadini antarayakarani honti. Apica kho so yavata etam mettajjhanassatim adhitthatukamo hoti, tavata vigatamiddho ^3- hutva. Adhitthati, natthi tassa tattha bandhayitattam. Tenaha "titthancaram nisinno va sayano va yavatassa vigatamiddho. Etam satim adhattheyya"ti tassayam adhippayo:- yantam "mettanca sabbalokasmim, manasam bhavaye"ti vuttam, tam tatha bhavaye, yatha thanadisu yavata iriyapathena, thanadini va anadiyitva yavata etam mettajjhanassatim adhitthatukamo assa, tavata vigatamiddho hutva etam satim adhittheyyati. Evam mettabhavanaya vasibhavam dassento "etam satim adhittheyya"ti tasmim mettavihare niyojetva idani tam viharam thunanto aha brahmametam viharam idhamahu"ti. Tassattho:- yvayam "sukhino va khemino hontu"tiadim katva yava "etam satim adhittheyya"ti samvannito ^4- mettaviharo, etam catusu dibbabrahmaariyairiyapathaviharesu niddosatta attanopi paresampi atthakaratta ca idha ariyassa dhammavinaye brahmaviharamahu setthaviharamahuti. Yato satatam samitam @Footnote: ¹ Si. yavata yavata ² cha.Ma. tittham va caram vati @³ cha.Ma. vitamiddho, evamuparipi ⁴ cha.Ma. samvannito

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Abbokinnam tittham caram nisinno va sayano va yavatassa vigatamiddho, etam satim adhittheyyati. [152] Evam bhagava tesam bhikkhunam nanappakarato mettabhavanam dassetva idani yasma metta sattarammanatta attaditthiya asanna hoti, tasma ditthiggahananisedhanamukhena tesam bhikkhunam tadeva mettajjhanam padakam katva ariyabhumippattim dassento aha "ditthinca anupagamma"ti. Imaya desanam samapesi. Tassattho:- yvayam "brahmametam viharam idhamahu"ti samvannito mettajjhanaviharo, tato vutthaya ye tattha vitakkavicaradayo dhamma, te, tesanca vatthadianusarena rupadhamme pariggahetva arupadhamme pariggahetva ^1- imina namarupaparicchedena suddhasankharapunjoyam na idha sattupalabbhati"ti ^2- evam ditthinca anupagamma anupubbena lokuttarasilena silava hutva lokuttarasilasampayutteneva sotapattimaggasammaditthisankhatena dassanena sampanno. Tato param yo cayam ^3- vatthukamesu gedho kilesakamo appahino hoti, tampi sakadagamianagamimaggehi ca tanubhavena anavasesappahanena ca kamesu gedham vineyya vinayitva vupasametva na hi jatu gabbhaseyyam puna reti ekamseneva puna gabbhaseyyam na eti, suddhavasesu nibbattitva tattheva arahattam papunitva parinibbatiti. Evam bhagava desanam samapetva te bhikkhu aha "gacchatha bhikkhave tasmim ^4- vanasande viharatha, imanca suttamadaya ^5- masassa atthasu dhammassavanadivasesu gandim akotetva osaretha, dhammakatham karotha sakacchatha anumodatha, kammatthanam @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. arupadhamme pariggahetvati ayam patho na dissati ² sam.sa. 15/171/173 @³ cha.Ma. yopayam ⁴ cha.Ma. tasmimyeva @⁵ cha.Ma. adayati idam na pannayati

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Asevatha bhavetha bahulirotha, tepi vo amanussa tam bheravarammanam na dassessanti, annadatthum atthakama hitakama bhavissanti"ti. Te "sadhu"ti bhagavato patissunitva utthayasana bhagavantam abhivadetva padakkhinam katva tattha gantva tatha akamsu. Devatayo ca "bhaddanta amhakam atthakama hitakama"ti pitisomanassajata hutva sayameva senasanam sammajjanti, unhodakam patiyadenti, pitthiparikammam karonti, padaparikammam karonti, arakkham samvidahanti. Tepi bhikkhu tatheva mettam bhavetva tameva padakam katva vipassanam arabhitva sabbepi tasmimyeva antotemase aggaphalam arahattam papunitva mahapavaranaya visuddhipavaranam pavaresunti. Evanhi atthakusalena tathagatena ^1- dhammissarena kathitam karaniyamattham katvanubhuyya paramam dahayassa santim santam padam abhisamenti samattapanna. Tasma hi tam amatamabbhutamariyakantam santam padam abhisamecca viharitukamo. Vinnu jano vimalasilasamadhipanna- bhedam kareyya satatam karaniyamatthanti. Paramatthajotikaya khuddakatthakathaya suttanipatatthakathaya mettasuttavannana nitthita. @Footnote: ¹ Si.,Ma. atthakusala kusalassa dhamme

The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 28 page 201-222. http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=28&A=4805&modeTY=2&pagebreak=1 อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=28&A=4805&modeTY=2&pagebreak=1 อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=25&i=308 เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=25&A=7380 พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=25&A=7324 The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=25&A=7324 Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 25 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_25