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8. Dhammasutta (nāvāsutta) vaṇṇanā [319] Yasmā hi dhammanti dhammasuttaṃ, "nāvāsuttan"tipi 1- vuccati. Kā uppatti? idaṃ suttaṃ āyasmantaṃ sāriputtattheraṃ ārabbha vuttaṃ. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana dvinnaṃ aggasāvakānaṃ uppattito pabhuti veditabbo. Seyyathidaṃ? anuppanne kira bhagavati dve aggasāvakā ekaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ Kappasatasahassañca pāramiyo pūretvā devaloke nibbattā. Tesaṃ paṭhamo cavitvā rājagahassa avidūre upatissagāmo nāma brāhmaṇānaṃ bhogagāmo atthi, tattha saṭṭhiadhikapañcakoṭisatadhanavibhavassa gāmasāmino brāhmaṇassa rūpasārī nāma brāhmaṇī, tassā kucchiyaṃ paṭisandhiṃ aggahesi. Dutiyo tassevāvidūre kolitagāmo nāma brāhmaṇānaṃ bhogagāmo atthi, tattha tathārūpavibhavasseva gāmasāmino brāhmaṇassa moggallānī nāma brāhmaṇī, tassā kucchiyaṃ taṃdivasameva paṭisandhiṃ aggahesi. Evaṃ tesaṃ ekadivasameva paṭisandhiggahaṇañca gabbhavuṭṭhānañca ahosi. Ekadivaseyeva ca nesaṃ ekassa upatissagāme jātattā upatisso, ekassa kolitagāme jātattā kolitoti nāmaṃ akaṃsu. Te sahapaṃsuṃ kīḷantā sahāyakā anupubbena vuḍḍhiṃ 2- pāpuṇiṃsu, ekamekassa ca pañcapañcamāṇavakasatāni parivārā ahesuṃ. Te uyyānaṃ vā nadītitthaṃ 3- vā gacchantā sapavivārāyeva gacchanti. Eko pañcahi suvaṇṇasivikāsatehi, dutiyo pañcahi ājaññarathasatehi. Tadā ca rājagahe kālānukālaṃ giraggasamajjo nāma hoti, 4- sāyanhasamaye nagaravemajjhe yattha sakalaaṅgamagadhavāsino abhiññātā khattiyakumārādayo sannipatitvā supaññattesu mañcapīṭhādīsu nisinnā samajjavibhūtiṃ passanti. Atha te sahāyakā tena parivārena saddhiṃ tattha gantvā paññattāsanesu @Footnote: 1 Ma.,ka. nāthasutatantipi 2 i. vuddhiṃ @3 ka. nadītiṭṭhaṃ 4 ka. ahosi--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page141.
Nisīdiṃsu. Tato upatisso samajjavibhūtiṃ passanto mahājanakāyaṃ sannipatitaṃ disvā "ettako janakāyo appatvāva marissatī"ti cintesi. Tassa maraṇaṃ āgantvā nalāṭante patiṭṭhitaṃ viya ahosi, tathā kolitassa. Tesaṃ anekappakāresu naṭesu naccantesu dassanamattepi cittaṃ na nami, aññadatthu saṃvego eva udapādi. Atha vuṭṭhite samajje pakkantāya parisāya sakaparivārena pakkantesu tesu sahāyesu kolito upatissaṃ pucchi "kiṃ samma nāṭakādidassanena tava pamodanamattampi nāhosī"ti. So tassa taṃ pavattiṃ ārocetvā tampi tatheva paṭipucchi. Sopi tassa attano pavattiṃ ārocetvā "ehi samma pabbajitvā amataṃ gavesāmāti āha, "sādhu sammā"ti upatisso taṃ sampaṭicchi. Tato dvepi janā taṃ sampattiṃ chaḍḍetvā punadeva rājagahamanuppattā. Tena ca samayena rājagahe sañjayo 1- nāma paribbājako paṭivasati. Te tassa santike pañcahi māṇavakasatehi saddhiṃ pabbajitvā katipāheneva tayo vede sabbañca paribbājakasamayaṃ uggahesuṃ te tesaṃ satthānaṃ ādimajjhapariyosānaṃ upaparikkhantā pariyosānaṃ adisvā ācariyaṃ pucchiṃsu "imesaṃ satthānaṃ ādimajjhaṃ dissati, pariyosānaṃ pana na dissati `idaṃ nāma imehi satthehi pāpuṇeyyāti, yato uttari pāpuṇitabbaṃ natthī'ti. "sopi āha "ahampi tesaṃ tathāvidhaṃ pariyosānaṃ na passāmī"ti. Te āhaṃsu "tenahi mayaṃ imesaṃ pariyosānaṃ gavesāmā"ti. Te ācariyo "yathāsukhaṃ gavesathā"ti āha. Evaṃ te tena anuññātā amataṃ gavesamānā āhiṇḍantā jambudīpe pākaṭā ahesuṃ. Tehi khattiyapaṇḍitādayo pañhaṃ puṭṭhā uttaruttariṃ na sampāyanti. "upatisso kolito"ti vutte pana "ke ete, na kho mayaṃ jānāmāti bhaṇantā natthi, evaṃ vissutā ahesuṃ. @Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. sañcayo--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page142.
Evaṃ tesu amatapariyesanaṃ caramānesu amhākaṃ bhagavā loke uppajjitvā pavattitapavaradhammacakko anupubbena rājagahamanuppatto. Te ca paribbājakā sakalajambudīpaṃ caritvā tiṭṭhatu amataṃ, antamaso pariyosānapañhāvissajjanamattampi alabhantā punadeva rājagahaṃ agamaṃsu. Atha kho āyasmā assaji pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvāti yāva tesaṃ pabbajjā. Tāva sabbaṃ pabbajjākkhandhake 1- āgatanayena 2- vitthārato daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evaṃ pabbajitesu tesu dvīsu sahāyakesu āyasmā sāriputto aḍḍhamāsena sāvakapāramiñāṇaṃ sacchākāsi. So yadā assajittherena saddhiṃ ekavihāre vasati, tadā bhagavato upaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā anantaraṃ therassa upaṭṭhānaṃ gacchati "pubbācariyome ayamāyasmā, etamahaṃ nissāya bhagavato sāsanaṃ aññāsin"ti gāravena. Yadā pana assajittherena saddhiṃ ekavihāre na vasati, tadā yassaṃ disāyaṃ thero vasati, taṃ disaṃ oloketvā pañcaṅgapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā añjaliṃ paggayha namassati. Taṃ disvā keci bhikkhū kathaṃ samuṭṭhāpesuṃ "sāriputto aggasāvako hutvā disaṃ namassati, ajjāpi maññe brāhmaṇadiṭṭhi appahīnā"ti. Atha bhagavā dibbāya sotadhātuyā taṃ kathāsallāpaṃ sutvā paññattapavarabuddhāsane nisinnaṃyeva attānaṃ dassento bhikkhū āmantesi "kāya nuttha bhikkhave etarahi kathāya sannisinnā"ti. Te taṃ pavattiṃ ācikkhiṃsu. Tato bhagavā "na bhikkhave sāriputto disaṃ namassati, yaṃ nissāya sāsanaṃ aññāsi, taṃ attano ācariyaṃ vandati namassati sammāneti, ācariyapūjako bhikkhave sāriputto"ti vatvā tattha sannipatitānaṃ dhammadesanatthaṃ imaṃ suttamabhāsi. @Footnote: 1 vi. mahā. 4/60/51 2 cha.Ma. āgatanayeneva--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page143.
Tattha yasmā hi dhammaṃ puriso vijaññāti yato puggalā piṭakattayappabhedaṃ pariyattidhammaṃ vā, pariyattidhammaṃ vā, pariyattiṃ sutvā adhigantabbaṃ navalokuttarap- pabhedaṃ paṭivedhadhammaṃ vā puriso vijaññā jāneyya vedeyya. "yassā"tipi 1- pāṭho, soevattho. Indaṃva naṃ devatā pūjayeyyāti yathā sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ dvīsu devalokesu devatā pūjenti, evaṃ so puggalo taṃ puggalaṃ kālasseva vuṭṭhāya upāhanāomuñcanādiṃ sabbaṃ vattapaṭipattaṃ karonto pūjeyya sakkareyya garukareyya. Kiṃkāraṇaṃ? so pūjito .pe. Pātukaroti dhammaṃ, so ācariyo evaṃ pūjito tasmiṃ antevāsimhi pasannacitto pariyattipaṭivedhavasena bahussuto desanāvaseneva pariyattidhammañca desanaṃ sutvā yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipattiyā adhigantabbaṃ paṭivedhadhammañca pātukaroti deseti, desanāya vā pariyattidhammaṃ, upamāvasena attanā adhigatapaṭivedhadhammaṃ pātukaroti. [320] Tadaṭṭhikatvāna nisamma dhīroti evaṃ pasannena ācariyena pātukataṃ dhammaṃ aṭṭhikatvāna suṇitvā upadhāraṇasamatthatāya dhīro puriso. Dhammānudhammaṃ paṭipajjamānoti lokuttaradhammassa anulomattā anudhammabhūtaṃ vipassanaṃ bhāvayamāno. Viññū vibhāvī nipuṇo ca hotīti viññutāsaṅkhātāya paññāya adhigamena viññū, vibhāvetvā paresampi pākaṭaṃ katvā ñāpanasamatthatāya vibhāvī, parama sukhumattha- paṭivedhatāya nipuṇo ca hoti. Yo tādisaṃ bhajati appamattoti yo tādisaṃ pubbe vuttappakāraṃ bahussutaṃ appamatto tappasādanaparo hutvā bhajati. [321] Evaṃ paṇḍitācariyasevanaṃ pasaṃsitvā idāni bālācariyasevanaṃ nindanto "khuddañca bālan"ti imaṃ gāthamāha. Tattha khuddanti khuddena kāyakammādinā samannāgataṃ, paññābhāvato bālaṃ. Anāgatatthanti @Footnote: 1 ka. videyyātipi--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page144.
Anadhigatapariyattipaṭivedhatthaṃ. Usuyyakanti 1- issāmanakatāya 2- antevāsikassa vuḍḍhiṃ asahamānaṃ. Sesamettha pākaṭameva padato. Adhippāyato pana yo bahucīvarādilābhī 3- ācariyo antevāsikānaṃ cīvarādīni na sakkoti dātuṃ, dhammadāne pana aniccadukkhānatta- vacanamattampi na sakkoti, etehi khuddatādidhammehi 4- samannāgatattā taṃ khuddaṃ bālaṃ anāgatatthaṃ usuyyakaṃ ācariyamupasevamāno "pūtimacchaṃ kusaggenā"ti 5- vuttanayena sayampi bālo hoti. Tasmā idha sāsane kiñci appamattakampi pariyattidhammaṃ paṭivedhadhammaṃ vā avibhāvayitvā ca avijānitvā ca yassa dhammesu kaṅkhā, taṃ ataritvā maraṇaṃ upetīti evamassa attho veditabbo. [322-3] Idāni tassevatthassa pākaṭakaraṇatthaṃ "yathā naro "ti gāthādvayamāha. Tattha āpaganti nadiṃ. Mahodakanti bahuudakaṃ. Salilanti ito cito ca gataṃ, vitthiṇṇanti 6- vuttaṃ hoti. "saritan"tipi pāṭho, soevattho. Sīghasotanti hārahārikaṃ, vegavatinti 7- vuttaṃ hoti. Kiṃ soti ettha "so vuyhamāno"ti iminā ca sokārena tassa narassa niddiṭṭhattā nipātamatto sokāro, kiṃsūti vuttaṃ hoti yathā "na bhavissāmi nāma so, vinassissāmi nāma so"ti. Dhammanti pubbe vuttaṃ dubbidhaṃyeva. 8- Anisāmayatthanti anisāmetvā atthaṃ. Sesamettha pākaṭameva padato. Adhippāyato pana yathā yo kocideva naro vuttappakāraṃ nadiṃ otaritvā tāya nadiyā vuyhamāno anusotagāmī sotameva anugacchanto pare pāratthike. 9- Kiṃ sakkhati pāraṃ netuṃ. "sakkatī"tipi pāṭho. Tatheva duvidhampi dhammaṃ attano @Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. usūyakanti 2 ka. issāpakatāya 3 ka. bahucīvarādīni lābhī @4 Ma. khuddādidhammehi 5 khu.iti. 25/76/292 khu.jā. 27/2152/437 (syā) @6 Ma. odhito apagataṃ vitthiṇṇanti 7 Ma. na cirāgataṃ vegavatinti @8 cha.Ma.,i. duvidhameva 9 ka. pare tīraṭṭhite--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page145.
Paññāya avibhāvayitvā bahussutānañca santike atthaṃ anisāmetvā sayaṃ avibhāvitattā ajānanto anisāmitattā ca avitiṇṇakaṅkho pare kiṃ sakkhati nijjhāpetuṃ pekkhāpetunti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. "so vata cunda attanā palipapalipanno"ti 1- ādikañcettha suttapadaṃ anussaritabbaṃ. [324-5] Evaṃ bālasevanāya bālassa paraṃ nijjhāpetuṃ asamatthatāya pākaṭakaraṇatthaṃ upamaṃ vatvā idāni "yo tādisaṃ bhajati 2- appamatto"ti ettha vuttassa paṇḍitassa pare nijjhāpetuṃ samatthatāya pākaṭakaraṇatthaṃ "yathāpi nāvan"ti gāthādvayamāha. Tattha phiyenāti dabbipadarena. Rittenāti veḷudaṇḍena. Tatthāti tassaṃ nāvāyaṃ. Tatrūpayaññūti 3- tassā nāvāya āharaṇapaṭiharaṇādi- upāyajānanena 4- maggapaṭipādanena upāyaññū. Sikkhitasikkhatāya sukusalahatthatāya 5- ca kusalo. Uppannupaddavapaṭikārasamatthatāya mutīmā. Vedagūti vedasaṅkhātehi catūhi maggañāṇehi gato. Bhāvitattoti tāyeva maggabhāvanāya bhāvitacitto. Bahussutoti pubbe vuttanayeneva. Avedhadhammoti aṭṭhahi lokadhammehi akampaniyasabhāvo. Sotāvadhānūpanisūpapanneti sotaodahanena ca maggaphalānaṃ upanissayena ca uppanne. Sesaṃ uttānapadatthameva. Adhippāyayojanāpi sakkā purimanayeneva vijānitunti 6- na vitthāritā. [326] Evaṃ paṇḍitassa pare nijjhāpetuṃ samatthabhāvapākaṭakaraṇatthaṃ upamaṃ vatvā tassā paṇḍitasevanāya niyojento "tasmā have"ti imaṃ avasānagāthamāha. Tatthāyaṃ 7- saṅkhepattho:- yasmā upanissayasampannā @Footnote: 1 Ma.mū. 12/87/60 2 i. bhajate 3 Sī.,ka. tatrupāyaññūti @4 Sī.,ka. āharaṇapasāraṇādiupāyajānanena 5 Sī.,i. lahuhatthatāya @6 cha.Ma.,i. jānitunti 7 cha.Ma.,i. tatrāyaṃ--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page146.
Paṇḍitasevanena visesaṃ pāpuṇanti, tasmā have sappurisaṃ bhajetha. Kīdisaṃ sappurisaṃ bhajetha? medhāvinañceva bahussutañca, paññāsampattiyā ca medhāvinaṃ vuttappakārasutadvayena ca bahussutaṃ. Tādisaṃ hi bhajamāno tena bhāsitassa dhammassa aññāya atthaṃ evaṃ ñatvā ca yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāno tāya paṭipattiyā paṭivedhavasena viññātadhammo so maggaphalanibbānappabhedaṃ lokuttarasukhaṃ labhetha adhigaccheyya pāpuṇeyyāti arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ samāpesīti. Paramatthajotikāya khuddakaṭṭhakathāya suttanipātaṭṭhakathāya dhammasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. ---------------The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 29 page 140-146. http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=29&A=3145&pagebreak=1 อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=29&A=3145&pagebreak=1 อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=25&i=325 เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=25&A=8038 พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=25&A=8010 The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=25&A=8010 Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 25 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_25
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บันทึก ๖ กุมภาพันธ์ พ.ศ. ๒๕๖๑. การแสดงผลนี้อ้างอิงข้อมูลจากอรรถกถาฉบับภาษาบาลี อักษรโรมัน. หากพบข้อผิดพลาด กรุณาแจ้งได้ที่ [email protected]