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8. Aṭṭhakanipāta
366. 1. Mahākaccāyanattheragāthāvaṇṇanā
aṭṭhakanipāte kammaṃ bahukantiādikā āyasmato mahākaccāyanattherassa gāthā.
Kā uppatti?
Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle gahapatimahāsālakule
nibbattitvā vuḍḍhippatto 1- ekadivasaṃ satthu santike dhammaṃ suṇanto satthārā
saṅkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajantānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapiyamānaṃ ekaṃ
bhikkhuṃ disvā sayampi taṃ ṭhānaṃ patthento paṇidhānaṃ katvā dānādīni puññāni
katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto sumedhassa bhagavato kāle vijjādharo hutvā ākāsena
gacchanto satthāraṃ himavantapabbate ekasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe nisinnaṃ disvā pasannamānaso
kaṇikārapupphehi pūjaṃ akāsi.
So tena puññakammena aparāparaṃ sugatīsuyeva parivattento kassapadasabalassa
kāle bārāṇasiyaṃ kulaghare nibbattitvā parinibbute bhagavati suvaṇṇacetiyakaraṇaṭṭhāne
satasahassagghanikāya suvaṇṇiṭṭhakāya pūjaṃ katvā "bhagavā mayhaṃ nibbattanibbattaṭṭhāne
sarīraṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ hotū"ti patthanaṃ akāsi.
Tato yāvajīvaṃ kusalakammaṃ katvā ekaṃ buddhantaraṃ devamanussesu saṃsaritvā
imasmiṃ buddhuppāde ujjeniyaṃ rañño 2- caṇḍapajjotassa purohitagehe nibbatti,
tassa nāmaggahaṇadivase mātā "mayhaṃ putto suvaṇṇavaṇṇo, attano nāmaṃ gahetvā
āgato"ti kañcanamāṇavotveva nāmaṃ akāsi. So vuḍḍhimanvāya tayo vede uggahetvā
pitu accayena purohitaṭṭhānaṃ labhi. So gottavasena kaccāyanoti paññāyittha.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. vuddhippatto 2 Sī. udenarañño
Taṃ rājā caṇḍapajjoto buddhuppādaṃ sutvā "ācariya tvaṃ tattha gantvā satthāraṃ
idhānehī"ti pesesi. So attaṭṭhamo satthu santikaṃ upagato tassa satthā dhammaṃ
deseti, desanāpariyosāne so sattahi janehi saddhiṃ saha paṭisambhidāhi arahatte
patiṭṭhāsi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne 1-:-
"padumuttaro nāma jino anejo ajitaṃ jayo
satasahasse kappānaṃ ito uppajji nāyako.
Vīro kamalapattakkho sasaṅkavimalānano
kañcanatacasaṅkāso 2- ravidittisamappabho.
Sattanettamanohārī varalakkhaṇabhūsito
sabbavākyapathātīto manujāmarasakkato.
Sambuddho bodhayaṃ satte vāgīso 3- madhurassaro
karuṇānibandhasantāno parisāsu visārado.
Deseti madhuraṃ dhammaṃ catusaccūpasaṃhitaṃ
nimugge mohapaṅkamhi samuddharati pāṇine.
Tadā ekacaro hutvā tāpaso himavālayo
nabhasā mānusaṃ lokaṃ gacchanto jinamaddasaṃ.
Upecca santikaṃ tassa assosiṃ dhammadesanaṃ
vaṇṇayantassa vīrassa sāvakassa mahāguṇaṃ.
Saṅkhittena mayā vuttaṃ vitthārena pakāsayaṃ
parisaṃ mañca toseti yathā kaccāyano ayaṃ.
Nāhaṃ evamidhekaccaṃ aññaṃ passāmi sāvakaṃ
tasmā tadagge esaggo evaṃ dhāretha bhikkhavo.
@Footnote: 1 khu.apa. 33/121/179 (syā) 2 cha.Ma. kanakācalasaṅkāso 3 pāli. vātiho
Tadāhaṃ vimhito hutvā sutvā vākyaṃ manoramaṃ
himavantaṃ gamitvāna āhitvā pupphasañcayaṃ.
Pūjetvā lokasaraṇaṃ taṃ ṭhānamabhipatthayiṃ
tadā mamāsayaṃ ñatvā byākāsi sa raṇañjaho. 1-
Passathetaṃ isivaraṃ niddhantakanakattacaṃ
udaggalomamānasaṃ 2- acalaṃ pañjaliṃ ṭhitaṃ.
Hāsaṃ supuṇṇanayanaṃ buddhavaṇṇagatāsayaṃ
dhammajaṃ uggahadayaṃ amatāsittasannibhaṃ.
Kaccāyanassa guṇaṃ sutvā taṃ ṭhānaṃ patthayaṃ ṭhito
anāgatamhi addhāne gotamassa mahāmune.
Tassa dhammesu dāyādo oraso dhammanimmito
kaccāyano nāma nāmena hessati satthu sāvako.
Bahussuto mahāñāṇī adhippāyavidū mune
pāpuṇissati taṃ ṭhānaṃ yathāyaṃ byākato mayā.
Satasahassito kappe yaṃ kammamakariṃ tadā
duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.
Duve bhave saṃsarāmi devatte atha mānuse
aññaṃ gatiṃ na gacchāmi 3- buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.
Duve kule pajāyāmi khattiye atha brāhmaṇe
nīce kule na jāyāmi buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.
Pacchime ca bhave dāni jāto ujjeniyaṃ pure
pajjotassa ca caṇḍassa purohitadijādhino.
Putto tiriṭivacchassa nipuṇo vedapāragū
mātā ca candimā nāma kaccānohaṃ varattaco.
@Footnote: 1 pāli. byākāsi saraṇālayo 2 cha.Ma. uddhaggalomaṃ pīṇaṃsaṃ 3 pāli. na jānāmi
Vīmaṃsanatthaṃ buddhassa bhūmipālena pesito
disvā mokkhapuradvāraṃ nāyakaṃ guṇasañcayaṃ.
Sutvā ca vimalaṃ vākyaṃ gatipaṅkavisosanaṃ
pāpuṇiṃ amataṃ santaṃ sesehi saha sattahi.
Adhippāyavidū jāto sugatassa mahāmate
ṭhapito etadagge ca susamiddhamanoratho.
Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ .pe. Kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan"ti.
Atha satthā "etha bhikkhavo"ti hatthaṃ pasāresi. Te tāvadeva dvaṅgulamattakesa-
massukā iddhimayapattacīvaradharā vassasaṭṭhikattherā 1- viya ahesuṃ. Evaṃ thero sadatthaṃ
nipphādetvā "bhante rājā pajjoto tumhākaṃ pāde vandituṃ dhammañca sotuṃ
icchatī"ti satthu ārocesi. Satthā "tvaṃyeva bhikkhu tattha gaccha, tayi gatepi rājā
pasīdissatī"ti āha. Thero satthu āṇāya attaṭṭhamo tattha gantvā rājānaṃ
pasādetvā avantīsu sāsanaṃ patiṭṭhāpetvā puna satthu santikameva gato. So
ekadivasaṃ sambahule bhikkhū samaṇadhammaṃ pahāya kammārāme saṅgaṇikārāme rasataṇhānugate
ca pamādavihārino disvā tesaṃ ovādavasena:-
[494] "kammaṃ bahukaṃ na kāraye parivajjeyya janaṃ na uyyame
so ussukko rasānugiddho atthaṃ riñcati yo sukhādhivāho.
[495] Paṅkoti hi naṃ avedayuṃ yāyaṃ vandanapūjanā kulesu
sukhumaṃ sallaṃ durubbahaṃ sakkāro kāpurisena dujjaho"ti
dve gāthā abhāsi.
Tattha kammaṃ bahukaṃ na kārayeti navāvāsakārāpanādiṃ samaṇadhammakaraṇassa
paribandhabhūtaṃ 2- mahantaṃ navakammaṃ na paṭṭhapeyya, khuddakaṃ appasamārambhaṃ
@Footnote: 1 potthakesu vassasatikattherāti pāṭho dissati 2 Sī.,i. paripanthabhūtaṃ
Khaṇḍaphullapaṭisaṅkharaṇādiṃ satthu vacanapaṭipūjanatthaṃ kātabbameva. Parivajjeyya jananti gaṇa-
saṅgaṇikavasena janaṃ vivajjeyya. Jananti vā yādisaṃ saṃsevato bhajato payirupāsato kusalā
dhammā parihāyanti, akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, tādisaṃ akalyāṇamittabhūtaṃ janaṃ
parivajjeyya. Na uyyameti paccayuppādanatthaṃ kulasaṅgaṇhanavasena na vāyameyya, yasmā
so ussukko rasānugiddho, atthaṃ riñcati yo sukhādhivāhoti yo 1- rasānugiddho
rasataṇhāvasiko bhikkhu paccayuppādanapasuto, so kulasaṅgaṇhanatthaṃ ussukko, tesu
sukhitesu sukhito, dukkhitesu dukkhito, uppannesu kiccakaraṇīyesu attanā yogaṃ 2-
āpajjati, yo sukhādhivāho samathavipassanāmaggaphalanibbānasukhāvaho sīlādiattho, taṃ
riñcati pajahati, ekaṃsena attānaṃ tato vivecetīti attho.
Evaṃ paṭhamagāthāya "kammārāmataṃ saṅgaṇikārāmataṃ paccayagedhañca vajjethā"ti
ovaditvā idāni sakkārābhilāsaṃ garahanto dutiyaṃ gāthamāha. Tassattho:- yā
ayaṃ bhikkhāya upagatānaṃ pabbajitānaṃ kulesu gehavāsīhi guṇasambhāvanāya kariyamānā
vandanā pūjanā ca, yasmā taṃ abhāvitattānaṃ osīdāpanaṭṭhena malinabhāvakaraṇaṭṭhena
ca "paṅko kaddamoti buddhādayo ariyā pavedayuṃ 3- abbhaññaṃsu pavedesuṃ vā, yasmā
ca apariññātakkhandhānaṃ andhaputhujjanānaṃ sakkārābhilāsaṃ duviññeyyasabhāvatāya
pīḷājananato anto tudanato duruddharaṇato ca sukhumaṃ sallaṃ durubbahaṃ pavedayuṃ, 3-
tatoeva sakkāro kāpurisena dujjaho duppajaheyyo tassa pahānapaṭipattiyā
appaṭipajjanato. Sakkārābhilāsappahānena hi sakkāro pahīno hoti, tasmā tassa
pahānāya āyogo karaṇīyoti dasseti.
[496] "na parassupaṇidhāya kammaṃ maccassa pāpakaṃ
attanā taṃ na seveyya kammabandhū hi mātiyā.
[497] Na pare vacanā coro na pare vacanā muni
attā ca naṃ yathā vedi devāpi naṃ tathā vidū.
@Footnote: 1 Sī.,i. sukhādhivāho yo 2 Sī.,i. uyyogaṃ 3 Sī.,i. avedayuṃ
[498] Pare ca na vijānanti mayamettha yamāmase
ye ca tattha vijānanti tato sammanti medhagā.
[499] Jīvate vāpi sappañño api vittaparikkhayo
paññāya ca alābhena vittavāpi na jīvati.
[500] Sabbaṃ suṇāti sotena sabbaṃ passati cakkhunā
na ca diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ dhīro sabbaṃ ujjhitumarahati.
[501] Cakkhumāssa yathā andho sotavā badhiro yathā
paññavāsassa yathā mūgo balavā dubbaloriva
atha atthe samuppanne sayetha matasāyikan"ti
imā cha gāthā rañño pajjotassa ovādavasena abhāsi. So kira brāhmaṇe
saddahitvā pasughātayaññaṃ 1- kāreti, kammaṃ asodhetvāva acore corasaññāya 2-
daṇḍeti, aṭṭakaraṇe ca 3- assāmike sāmike karoti, sāmike ca assāmike. Tato naṃ
thero vivecetuṃ "na parassā"tiādinā cha gāthā abhāsi.
Tattha na parassupaṇidhāya, kammaṃ maccassa pāpakanti parassa maccassa sattassa
upaṇidhāya uddissa kāraṇaṃ katvā pāpakaṃ vadhabandhādikammaṃ na seveyya, parena
na kārāpeyyāti attho. Attanā taṃ na seveyyāti attanāpi taṃ pāpakaṃ na
kareyya. Kasmā? kammabandhū hi mātiyā ime mātiyā maccā kammadāyādā,
tasmā attanā ca kiñci pāpakammaṃ na kareyya, parenapi na kārāpeyyāti
attho.
Na pare vacanā coroti attanā coriyaṃ akatvā paravacanā parassa vacanamattena
coro nāma na hoti, tathā na pare vacanā muni parassa vacanamattena muni
suvisuddhakāyavacīmanosamācāro na hoti. Ettha hi pareti vibhattialopaṃ katvā niddeso.
@Footnote: 1 Sī.,i. pasughātayaññe 2 Sī.,i. corasañño 3 Sī.,i. atthakaraṇe ca
Keci pana "paresanti vattabbe pareti saṃkāralopaṃ 1- katvā niddiṭṭhan"ti vadanti.
Attā ca naṃ yathā vedīti naṃ sattaṃ tassa attā cittaṃ yathā "ahaṃ 2- parisuddho
aparisuddho vā"ti yāthāvato avedi jānāti. 3- Devāpi naṃ tathā vidūti visuddhidevā
upapattidevā ca tathā vidū vidanti jānanti, tasmā sayaṃ tādisā devā ca
pamāṇaṃ suddhāsuddhānaṃ suddhāsuddhabhāvajānane, na ye keci icchādosaparetā
sattāti adhippāyo.
Pareti paṇḍite ṭhapetvā tato aññe, kusalākusalasāvajjānavajjaṃ kammaṃ kammaphalaṃ 4-
kāyassa asubhataṃ saṅkhārānaṃ aniccataṃ ajānantā idha pare nāma. Te mayamettha
imasmiṃ jīvaloke yamāma uparamāma, "satataṃ samitaṃ maccu santikaṃ gacchāmā"ti na
jānanti. Ye ca tattha vijānantīti ye ca tattha paṇḍitā "mayaṃ maccu samīpaṃ
gacchāmā"ti vijānanti. Tato sammanti medhagāti evaṃ hi te jānantā medhagānaṃ
paravihiṃsanānaṃ vūpasamāya paṭipajjanti, attanā pare ca aññe na medhanti na
bādhentīti attho. Tvaṃ pana jīvitanimittaṃ acore core karontopi daṇḍanena,
sāmike assāmike karontopi dhanajāniyā bādhasi paññāvekallato. Tathā akarontopi
jīvate vāpi sappañño, api vittaparikkhayo parikkhīṇadhanopi sappaññajātiko
itarītarasantosena santuṭṭho anavajjāya jīvikāya jīvatiyeva. Tassa hi jīvitaṃ nāma.
Tenāha bhagavā "paññājīviṃ jīvitamāhu seṭṭhan"ti. 5- Dummedhapuggalo pana paññāya
ca alābhena 6- diṭṭhadhammikaṃ samparāyikañca atthaṃ virādhento vittavāpi na jīvati
garahādipavattiyā jīvanto nāma na hoti, anupāyaññutāya 7- yathādhigataṃ dhanaṃ nāsento
jīvitampi sandhāretuṃ na sakkotiyeva.
Imā kira catassopi gāthā thero supinantena 8- rañño kathesi. Rājā supinaṃ
@Footnote: 1 Sī.,i. sakāralopaṃ 2 i.,Ma. ayaṃ 3 Sī. anveti ājānāti
@4 Sī.,i....sāvajjānavajjakammaphalaṃ 5 saṃ.sagā. 15/73/48 vittasutta,
@246/258 āḷavakasutta, khu.sutta. 25/184/370 āḷavakasutta
@6 Sī.,i. abhāvena 7 Sī. anupacitapaññatāya 8 Sī.,i. supinante
Disvā theraṃ namassantoyeva pabujjhitvā pabhātāya rattiyā theraṃ upasaṅkamitvā
vanditvā attanā diṭṭhaniyāmena supinaṃ kathesi. Taṃ sutvā thero tā gāthā
paccanubhāsitvā "sabbaṃ suṇātī"tiādinā dvīhi gāthāhi rājānaṃ ovadi. Tattha
sabbaṃ suṇāti sotenāti idha sotabbaṃ saddaṃ āpāthagataṃ sabbaṃ subhāsitaṃ dubbhāsitañca
abadhiro sotena suṇāti. Tathā sabbaṃ rūpaṃ sundaraṃ asundarampi cakkhunā 1- anandho
passati, ayamindriyānaṃ sabhāvo. Tattha pana na ca diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ dhīro, sabbaṃ ujjhitunti
ca nidassanamattametaṃ. Yaṃ hi taṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ vā, 2- na taṃ sabbaṃ dhīro sappañño
ujjhituṃ pariccajituṃ gahetuṃ vā arahati. Guṇāguṇaṃ pana tattha upaparikkhitvā
ujjhitabbameva ujjhituṃ gahetabbañca gahetuṃ arahati, tasmā cakkhumāssa yathā andho
cakkhumāpi samāno ujjhitabbe diṭṭhe andho yathā assa apassanto viya bhaveyya, tathā
ujjhitabbe sute sotavāpi badhiro yathā assa asuṇanto viya bhaveyya. Paññavāssa
yathā mūgoti vicāraṇapaññāya paññavā vacanakusalopi avattabbe mūgo viya bhaveyya.
Balavā thāmasampannopi akattabbe dubbaloriva, rakāro padasandhikaro, asamattho
viya bhaveyya. Atha atthe samuppanne, sayetha matasāyikanti attanā kātabbakicce
uppanne upaṭṭhite matasāyikaṃ sayetha, matasāyikaṃ sayitvāpi taṃ kiccaṃ tīretabbameva,
na virādhetabbaṃ. Athavā atha atthe samuppanneti attanā akaraṇīye atthe kicce
uppanne upaṭṭhite matasāyikaṃ sayetha, matasāyikaṃ sayitvāpi taṃ na kātabbameva.
Na hi paṇḍito ayuttaṃ kātumarahatīti evaṃ therena ovadito rājā akattabbaṃ
pahāya kātabbeyeva yuttappayutto ahosīti.
Mahākaccāyanattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
-------------------
@Footnote: 1 Sī. cakkhumā 2 Sī. diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ vā
The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 33 page 160-167.
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=33&A=3662
อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=33&A=3662
อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=26&i=366
เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=26&A=6806
พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=26&A=6941
The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=26&A=6941
Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 26
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_26
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