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Rupavacarakusalavannana
catukkanayapathamajhanavannana
[160] Idani rupavacarakusalam dassetum "katame dhamma kusala"tiadi
araddham. Tattha rupupapattiya maggam bhavetiti rupam vuccati rupabhavo. Upapattiti
nibbatti jati sanjati. Maggoti upayo. Vacanattho panettha tam upapattim
maggati gavesati janeti nipphadetiti maggo. Idam vuttam hoti "yena maggena
rupabhave upapatti hoti nibbatti jati sanjati, tam maggam bhaveti"ti. Kim
panetena niyamato rupabhave upapatti hotiti? na hoti. "samadhim bhikkhave bhavetha,
samahito bhikkhave bhikkhu yathabhutam pajanati sanjanati 1- passati"ti 2- evam vuttena
hi nibbedhabhagiyena rupabhavatikkamopi hoti, rupupapattiya pana ito anno
maggo nama natthi. Tena vuttam "rupupapattiya maggam bhaveti"ti. Atthato cayam
maggo nama cetanapi hoti cetanaya sampayuttadhammapi tadubhayampi. "nirayancaham
sariputta pajanami nirayagaminca maggan"ti 3- hi ettha cetana maggo nama.
"saddha hiriyam kusalanca danam
dhamma ete sappurisanuyata
etam hi maggam diviyam vadanti
etena hi gacchati devalokan"ti 4-
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. ayam patho na dissati 2 sam.kha. 17/5/12, sam.Ma. 19/1071/361
@3 Ma.Ma. 12/153/113 4 an. atthaka. 23/32/194
Ettha cetanasampayuttadhamma maggo nama. "ayam bhikkhave maggo, ayam patipada"ti
sankharupapattisuttadisu 1- cetanapi cetanasampayuttadhammapi maggo nama. Imasmim
pana thane "jhanan"ti vacanato cetanasampayutta adhippeta. Yasma pana
jhanacetana patisandhim akaddhati, tasma cetanapi cetanasampayuttadhammapi
vattantiyeva.
Bhavetiti janeti uppadeti vaddheti. Ayam tava idha bhavanaya attho.
Annattha pana upasaggavasena sambhavana paribhavana vibhavanati evam annathapi
attho hoti. Tattha "idhudayi mama savaka adhisile sambhaventi `silava samano
gotamo paramena silakkhandhena samannagato"ti 2- ayam sambhavana nama, okappanati
attho "silaparibhavito samadhi mahapphalo hoti mahanisamso, samadhiparibhavita panna
mahapphala hoti mahanisamsa, pannaparibhavitam cittam sammadeva asavehi vimuccati"ti 3-
ayam paribhavana nama, vasanati attho. "ingha rupam vibhavehi, vedanam, sannam,
sankhare, vinnanam vibhavehi"ti ayam vibhavana nama, antaradhapanati attho.
"puna caparam udayi akkhata maya savakanam patipada, yathapatipanna me savaka
cattaro satipatthane bhaventi"ti 4- ayam pana uppadanavaddhanatthena bhavana
nama. Imasmimpi thane ayameva adhippeta. Tena vuttam "bhavetiti janeti uppadeti
vaddheti"ti.
Kasma panettha yatha kamavacarakusalaniddese dhammapubbangama desana
kata, tatha akatva puggalapubbangama katati? patipadaya sodhetabbato. 5- Idam
hi catusu patipadasu annataraya sodhetabbam, na kamavacaram viya vina patipadaya
uppajjati, patipada ca namesa patipannake sati hotiti etamattham dassetum
puggalapubbangamam desanam karonto "rupupapattiya maggam bhaveti"ti aha.
Vivicceva kamehiti kamehi viviccitva vina hutva apakkamitva. Yo
panayamettha evakaro, so niyamatthoti veditabbo. Yasma ca niyamattho, tasma
@Footnote: 1 Ma.u. 14/167/150 2 Ma.Ma. 13/243/220 3 di.Ma. 10/142/73
@4 Ma.Ma. 13/247/222 5 cha.Ma. sadhetabbato. evamuparipi
Tasmim pathamajjhanam upasampajja viharanasamaye avijjamananampi kamanam tassa
pathamajjhanassa patipakkhabhavam kamapariccageneva cassa adhigamam dipeti. Katham?
"vivicceva kamehi"ti evanhi niyame kariyamane idam pannayati, nunimassa 1-
jhanassa kama patipakkhabhuta, yesu sati idam nappavattati andhakare sati
padipobhaso viya, tesam pariccageneva ca tassa adhigamo hoti orimatirapariccagena
parimatirasseva. Tasma niyamam karotiti.
Tattha siya "kasma panesa pubbapadeyeva vutto, na uttarapade, kim
akusalehi dhammehi aviviccapi jhanam upasampajja vihareyya"ti. Na kho panetam
evam datthabbam. Tamnissaranato hi pubbapade esa vutato. Kamadhatusamatikkamanato
hi kamaragapatipakkhato ca idam jhanam kamanameva nissaranam. Yathaha "kamanametam
nissaranam, yadidam nekkhamman"ti. 2- Uttarapadepi pana yatha "idheva bhikkhave samano.
Idha dutiyo samano"ti 3- ettha evakaro anetva vuccati, evam vattabbo. Na
hi sakka ito annehipi nivaranasankhatehi akusalehi dhammehi avivicca jhanam
upasampajja viharitum. Tasma vivicceva kamehi, vivicceva akusalehi dhammehiti evam
padadvayepi esa datthabbo. Padadvayepi ca kincapi "vivicca"ti imina
sadharanavacanena tadangavivekadayo kayavivekadayo ca sabbepi viveka sangaham
gacchanti, tathapi kayaviveko cittaviveko vikkhambhanavivekoti tayoeva idha
datthabba.
"kamehi"ti imina pana padena ye ca niddese "katame vatthukama
manapika rupa"ti adina 4- nayena vatthukama vutta, ye ca tattheva vibhange
ca "../../bdpicture/chando kamo, rago kamo, chandarago kamo, sankappo kamo, rago kamo,
sankapparago kamo, ime vuccanti kama"ti 5- evam kilesakama vutta, te
sabbepi sangahitaicceva datthabba. Evam hi sati vivicceva kamehiti vatthukamehipi
viviccevati attho yujjati. Tena kayaviveko vutto hoti.
@Footnote: 1 Ma. nanvimassa 2 di.pa. 11/353/244, khu. iti. 25/72/286
@3 Ma.mu. 12/139/98, an. catukka. 21/241/265
@4 khu. maha. 29/1 (kamasuttaniddesa)
@5 khu. maha. 29/1 (kamasuttaniddesa), abhi. 35/564/310
Vivicca akusalehi dhammehiti kilesakamehi sabbakusalehi va viviccati
attho yujjati. Tena cittaviveko vutto hoti. Purimena cettha vatthukamehi
vivekavacanatoyeva kamasukhapariccago, dutiyena kilesakamehi vivekavacanato
nekkhammasukhapariggaho vibhavito hoti. Evam vatthukamakilesakamavivekavacanatoyeva ca
etesam pathamena sankilesavatthuppahanam, dutiyena sankilesappahanam. Pathamena lolabhavassa
hetupariccago, dutiyena balabhavassa. Pathamena ca payogasuddhi, dutiyena asayaposanam
vibhavitam hotiti natabbam. Esa tava nayo "kamehi"ti ettha vuttakamesu
vatthukamapakkhe.
Kilesakamapakkhe pana "../../bdpicture/chando"ti ca "rago"ti ca evamadihi anekabhedo
kamacchandoyeva "kamo"ti adhippeto. So ca akusalapariyapannopi samano
"tattha katamo chando kamo"tiadina nayena vibhange 1- jhanangapatipakkhato visum
vuttoti. 2- Kilesakamatta va purimapade vutto, akusalapariyapannatta dutiyapade.
Anekabhedato cassa "kamato"ti avatva "kamehi"ti vuttam. Annesampi ca dhammanam
akusalabhave vijjamane "tattha katame akusala dhamma, kamacchando"tiadina 3-
nayena vibhange uparijhanangapaccanikapatipakkhabhavadassanato nivarananeva vuttaniti.
Nivaranani hi jhanangapaccanikani, tesam jhananganeva patipakkhani, viddhamsakani
vighatakaniti vuttam hoti. Tatha hi "samadhi kamacchandassa patipakkho, piti
byapadassa, vitakko thinamiddhassa, sukham uddhaccakukkuccassa, vicaro
vicikicchaya"ti petake vuttam.
Evamettha "vivicceva kamehi"ti imina kamacchandassa vikkhambhanaviveko
vatto hoti. "vivicca akusalehi dhammehi"ti imina pancannampi nivarananam.
Aggahitaggahanena pana pathamena kamacchandassa, dutiyena sesanivarananam. Tatha
pathamena tisu akusalamulesu pancakamagunabhedavisayassa lobhassa, dutiyena
aghatavatthubhedadivisayanam dosamohanam. Oghadisu va dhammesu pathamena
@Footnote: 1 abhi. 35/392/250 2 cha.Ma. iti-saddo na dissati 3 abhi. 35/564/310
Kamoghakamayogakamasavakamupadanaabhijjhakayaganthakamaragasannojananam, dutiyena
avasesaoghayogasavaupadanaganthasannojananam. Pathamena ca tanhaya tamsampayuttakananca,
dutiyena avijjaya tamsampayuttakananca. Apica pathamena lobhasampayutta-
atthacittuppadanam, dutiyena sesanam catunnam akusalacittuppadanam vikkhambhanaviveko
vutto hotiti veditabbo. Ayam tava "vivicceva kamehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi"ti
ettha atthappakasana.
Ettavata ca pathamassa jhanassa pahanangam dassetva idani sampayogangam
dassetum "savitakkam savicaran"tiadi vuttam. Tattha hettha vuttalakkhanadivibhagena
appanasampayogato rupavacarabhavappattena vitakkena ceva vicarena ca saha vattati,
rukkho viya pupphena phalena cati idam jhanam "savitakkam savicaran"ti vuccati.
Vibhange pana "imina ca vitakkena imina ca vicarena upeto hoti samupeto
hoti"tiadina 1- nayena puggaladhitthana desana kata, attho pana tatrapi
evameva datthabbo.
Vivekajanti ettha vivitti viveko, nivaranavigamoti attho. Vivittoti va
viveko, nivaranavivitto jhanasampayuttadhammarasiti attho. Tasma viveka, tasmim
va viveke jatanti vivekajam. Pitisukhanti ettha pitisukhani hettha pakasitaneva.
Tesu pana vuttappakaraya pancavidhaya pitiya ya appanasamadhissa mulam hutva
vaddhamana samadhisampayogam gata pharanapiti, ayam imasmim atthe adhippeta pititi.
Ayanca piti idanca sukham assa jhanassa, asmim va jhane atthiti idam jhanam
"pitisukhan"ti vuccati. Athava piti ca sukhanca pitisukham dhammavinayadayo viya. Vivekajam
pitisukhamassa jhanassa, asmim va jhane atthiti evampi vivekajampitisukham.
Yatheva hi jhanam, evam pitisukhampettha vivekajameva hoti, tancassa atthi,
tasma ekapadeneva "vivekajampitisukhan"ti vattum yujjati. Vibhange pana "idam
sukham imaya pitiya sahagatan"tiadina 2- nayena vuttam, attho pana tatthapi
evameva datthabbo.
@Footnote: 1 abhi. 35/565/310 2 abhi. 35/567/311
Pathamajjhananti ettha ganananupubbataya 1- pathamam, pathamam uppannanti
pathamam, pathamam samapajjitabbantipi pathamam. Idam pana na ekantalakkhanam. Cinnavasibhavo
hi atthasamapattilabhi adito patthaya matthakam papentopi samapajjitum sakkoti,
matthakato patthaya adim papentopi samapajjitum sakkoti, antarantara okkamantopi
sakkoti. Evam pubbuppattiyatthena pana pathamam nama hoti.
Jhananti 2- duvidham jhanam hoti arammanupanijjhananca lakkhanupanijjhananca. 2-
Tattha attha samapattiyo pathavikasinadiarammanam upanijjhayantiti
"arammanupanijjhanan"ti sankhyam gata. Vipassanamaggaphalani pana lakkhanupanijjhanam nama.
Tattha vipassana aniccadilakkhanassa upanijjhanato lakkhanupanijjhanam. Vipassanaya
katakiccassa maggena ijjhanato maggo lakkhanupanijjhanam. Phalam pana nirodhasaccam
tathalakkhanam upanijjhayatiti lakkhanupanijjhanam nama. Tesu imasmim atthe
arammanupanijjhanam adhippetam. Tasma arammanupanijjhanato paccanikajjhapanato
va jhananti veditabbam.
Upasampajjati upagantva, papunitvati vuttam hoti. Upasampadayitva
va, nipphadetvati vuttam hoti. Vibhange pana "upasampajjati pathamajjhanassa
labho patilabho patti sampatti phusana sacchikiriya upasampada"ti 3- vuttam,
tassapi evamevattho datthabbo. Viharatiti tadanurupena iriyapathaviharena
itivuttappakarajjhanasamangi hutva attabhavassa iriyanam vuttim palanam yapanam yapanam
caram viharam abhinipphadeti. Vuttam hetam vibhange "viharatiti iriyati vattati
paleti yapeti yapeti carati viharati, tena vuccati viharati"ti. 4-
Pathavikasinanti ettha pathavimandalampi sakalatthena pathavikasinanti vuccati,
tam nissaya patiladdhanimittampi pathavikasinanimitte patiladdhajjhanampi. Tattha imasmim
atthe jhanam pathavikasinanti veditabbam. Pathavikasinasankhatam jhanam upasampajja
viharatiti ayam hettha sankhepattho. Imasmim pana pathavikasine parikammam katva
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. ganananupubbata 2-2 cha.Ma. duvidham jhanam arammanupanijjhanam
@lakkhanupanijjhananti 3 abhi. 35/434/261 4 abhi. 35/358/231
Catukkapancakajjhanani nibbattetva jhanapadatthanam vipassanam vaddhetva arahattam
pattukamena kulaputtena kim kattabbanti? adito tava patimokkhasamvaraindriya-
samvaraajivaparisuddhipaccayasannissitasankhatani cattari silani visodhetva
suparisuddhe sile patitthitena yvassa avasadisu dasasu palibodhesu palibodho atthi,
tam upacchinditva kammatthanadayakam kalyanamittam upasankamitva paliyam agatesu
atthatimsaya kammatthanesu attano cariyanukulam kammatthanam upaparikkhantena sacassa
idam pathavikasinam anukulam hoti, idameva kammatthanam gahetva jhanabhavanaya
ananurupam viharam pahaya anurupe vihare viharantena khuddakapalibodhupacchedam katva
kasinaparikammanimittanurakkhanam sattaasappayaparivajjanam sattasappayasevanam
dasavidhaappanakosallappabhedam sabbam bhavanavidhanam aparihapentena jhanadhigamatthaya
patipajjitabbam. Ayamettha sankhePo. Vittharo pana visuddhimagge 1- vuttanayeneva
veditabbo. Yatha cettha, evam ito paresupi. Sabbakammatthananam hi bhavanavidhanam
sabbam atthakathanayena gahetva visuddhimagge vittharitam, kim tena tattha tattha
puna vuttenati na tam puna vittharayama. Paliya pana hettha anagatam attham
aparihapenta 2- nirantaram anupadavannanameva karissama.
Tasmim samayeti tasmim pathamajjhanam upasampajja viharanasamaye. Phasso hoti
.pe. Avikkhepo hotiti ime kamavacarapathamakusalacitte vuttappakaraya
padapatipatiya chappannasa dhamma honti. Kevalam hi te kamavacara, ime bhummantaravasena
mahaggata rupavacarati ayamettha viseso. Sesam tadisameva. Yevapanaka panettha
chandadayo cattarova labbhanti. Kotthasavarasunnatavara pakatikaevati.
Pathamajjhanam nitthitam.
-------------
@Footnote: 1 visuddhi. 1/149 pathavikasinaniddesa 2 Si. aparihapetva
Dutiyajjhanavannana
[161-162] Dutiyajjhananiddese vitakkavicaranam vupasamati vitakkassa ca
vicarassa cati imesam dvinnam vupasama samatikkama, dutiyajjhanakkhane apatubhavati
vuttam hoti. Tattha kincapi dutiyajjhane sabbepi pathamajjhanadhamma na santi,
anneyeva hi pathamajjhane phassadayo, anne idha. Olarikassa pana olarikassa
angassa samatikkama pathamajjhanato paresam dutiyajjhanadinam adhigamo hotiti
dipanattham "vitakkavicaranam vupasama"ti evam vuttanti veditabbam. Ajjhattanti idha
niyakajjhattam adhippetam. Vibhange pana "ajjhattam paccattan"ti 1- ettakameva vuttam.
Yasma niyakajjhattam adhippetam, tasma attani jatam, attano santane
nibbattanti ayamettha attho.
Sampasadananti sampasadanam vuccati saddha. Sampasadanayogato jhanampi
sampasadanam, nilavannayogato nilavattham viya. Yasma va tam jhanam sampasadana-
samannagatatta vitakkavicarakkhobhavupasamena ca ceto sampasadayati, tasmapi
"sampasadanan"ti vuttam. Imasminca atthavikappe "sampasadanam cetaso"ti evam
padasambandho veditabbo, purimasmim pana atthavikappe "cetaso"ti etam
ekodibhavena saddhim yojetabbam.
Tatrayam atthayojana:- eko udetiti ekodi, vitakkavicarehi
anajjharulhatta aggo settho hutva udetiti attho. Setthopi hi loke "eko"ti
vuccati. Vitakkavicaravirahito 2- va eko asahayo hutvati vattumpi vattati. Athava
sampayuttadhamme udayatiti udi, utthapetiti 3- attho. Setthatthena eko ca so
udi cati ekodi, samadhissetam adhivacanam. Iti imam ekodim bhaveti vaddhetiti
idam dutiyajjhanam ekodibhavam. So panayam ekodi yasma cetaso, na sattassa
na jivassa. Tasma etam "cetaso ekodibhavan"ti vuttam.
@Footnote: 1 abhi. 35/555/308 2 cha.Ma......virahato 3 cha.Ma. utthapeti
Nanu cayam saddha pathamajjhanepi atthi, ayanca ekodinamako samadhi,
atha kasma idameva "sampasadanam cetaso ekodibhavanca"ti vuttanti? vuccate,
adum hi pathamajjhanam vitakkavicarakkhobhena vicitarangasamakulamiva jalam na suppasannam
hoti, tasma satiyapi saddhaya sampasadananti na vuttam. Na suppasannattayeva
cettha samadhipi na satthu pakato. Tasma ekodibhavantipi na vuttam. Imasmim
pana jhane vitakkavicarapalibodhabhavena laddhokasa balavati saddha,
balavasaddhasahayapatilabheneva ca samadhipi pakato. Tasma idameva evam vuttanti veditabbam.
Vibhange pana "sampasadananti ya saddha saddahana okappana abhippasado.
Cetaso ekodibhavanti ya cittassa thiti santhiti .pe. Sammasamadhi"ti 1-
ettakameva vuttam. Evam vuttena panetena saddhim ayam atthavannana yatha na
virujjhati, annadatthu samsandati ceva sameti ca, evam veditabba.
Avitakkam avicaranti bhavanaya pahinatta etasmim, etassa va vitakko
natthiti avitakkam. Iminava nayena avicaram. Vibhangepi vuttam "iti ayanca vitakko
ayanca vicaro santa honti samita vupasanta atthangata abbhatthangata appita
byappita sosita visosita byantikata, tena vuccati avitakkam avicaran"ti. 2-
Etthaha "nanu ca `vitakkavicaranam vupasama'ti iminapi ayamattho siddho,
atha kasma puna vuttam `avitakkam avicaran"ti. Vuccate, evametam, siddhovayamattho.
Na panetam tadatthadipakam, nanu avocumha "olarikassa pana olarikassa angassa
samatikkama pathamajjhanato paresam dutiyajjhanadinam samadhigamo hotiti dassanattham 3-
vitakkavicaranam vupasamati evam vuttan"ti.
Apica vitakkavicaranam vupasama idam sampasadanam, na kilesakalussiyassa.
Vitakkavicarananca vupasama ekodibhavam, na upacarajjhanamiva nivaranappahana,
na pathamajjhanamiva ca angapatubhavati evam sampasadanaekodibhavanam hetuparidipakamidam
vacanam. Tatha vitakkavicaranam vupasama idam avitakkam avicaram, na tatiyacatutthajjhanani
@Footnote: 1 abhi. 35/206/128 2 abhi. 35/572/311 3 cha.Ma. dipanattham
Viya cakkhuvinnanadini viya ca abhavati evam avitakkavicarabhavassa hetuparidipakanca.
Na vitakkavicarabhavamattaparidipakam, vitakkavicarabhavamattaparidipakameva pana "avitakkam
avicaran"ti idam vacanam. Tasma purimam vatvapi puna vattabbamevati.
Samadhijanti pathamajjhanasamadhito sampayuttasamadhito va jatanti attho.
Tattha kincapi pathamampi sampayuttasamadhito jatam, athakho ayameva samadhi
"samadhi"ti vattabbatam arahati, vitakkavicarakkhobhavirahena ativiya acalatta
suppasannatta ca. Tasma imassa vannabhananattham idameva "samadhijan"ti vuttam.
Pitisukhanti idam vuttanayameva.
Dutiyanti ganananupubbato 1- dutiyam, idam dutiyam samapajjatitipi dutiyam.
Tasmim samaye phasso hotitiadisu jhanapancake vitakkavicarapadani parihinani,
maggapancake ca sammasankappapadam parihinam. Tesam vasena savibhattikavibhattikapadavinicchayo
veditabbo. Kotthasavarepi tivangikam jhanam hoti, caturangiko maggo
hotiti agatam. Sesam pathamajjhanasadisamevati.
Dutiyajjhanam nitthitam.
------------
Tatiyajjhanavannana
[163] Tatiyajjhananiddese pitiya ca viragati virago nama vuttappakaraya
pitiya jigucchanam va samatikkamo va, ubhinnam pana antara casaddo sampindanattho,
so vupasamam va sampindeti vitakkavicaranam vupasamam va. Tattha yada vupasamameva
sampindeti, tada pitiya viraga ca kinci bhiyyo 2- vupasama cati evam yojana
veditabba. Imissa ca yojanaya virago jigucchanattho hoti, tasma pitiya
jigucchana ca vupasama cati ayamattho datthabbo. Yada pana vitakkavicaranam
vupasamam sampindeti, tada pitiya ca viraga kinci bhiyyo vitakkavicarananca
vupasamati evam yojana veditabba. Imissa ca yojanaya virago samatikkamanattho
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. ganananupubbata 2 cha.Ma. kinca bhiyyo. evamuparipi
Hoti, tasma pitiya ca samatikkama vitakkavicarananca vupasamati ayamattho
datthabbo.
Kamancete vitakkavicara dutiyajjhaneyeva vupasanta, imassa pana jhanassa
maggaparidipanattham vannabhananatthanca etam vuttam. "vitakkavicarananca vupasama"ti
hi vutte idam pannayati "nuna 1- vitakkavicaravupasamo maggo imassa jhanassa"ti.
Yatha ca tatiye ariyamagge appahinanampi sakkayaditthadinam "pancannam
orambhagiyanam sannojananam pahana"ti 2- evam pahanam vuccamanam vannabhananam hoti,
tadadhigamaya ussukkanam ussahajanakam, evameva idha avupasantanampi vitakkavicaranam
vupasamo vuccamano vannabhananam hoti, tenayamattho vutto "pitiya ca samatikkama
vitakkavicarananca vupasama"ti.
Upekkhako ca viharatiti ettha upapattito ikkhatiti upekkha, samam passati,
apakkhapatitava hutva passatiti attho. Taya visadaya vipulaya thamagataya
samannagatatta tatiyajjhanasamangi "upekkhako"ti vuccati.
Upekkha pana dasavidha hoti chalangupekkha brahmaviharupekkha bojjhangupekkha
viriyupekkha sankharupekkha vedanupekkha vipassanupekkha tatramajjhattupekkha
jhanupekkha parisuddhiupekkhati.
Tattha ya "idha khinasavo 3- bhikkhu cakkhuna rupam disva neva sumano
hoti na dummano, upekkhako ca viharati sato sampajano"ti 4- evamagata
khinasavassa chasu dvaresu itthanitthachalarammanapathe
parisuddhapakatibhavavijahanakarabhuta upekkha, ayam chalangupekkha nama.
Ya pana "upekkhasahagatena cetasa ekam disam pharitva viharati"ti 5-
evamagata sattesu majjhattakarabhuta upekkha, ayam brahmaviharupekkha nama.
@Footnote: 1 Ma. nanu 2 Ma.Ma. 13/132/106 3 cha.Ma. bhikkhave
@4 an. catukka. 21/195/223, khu. maha. 29/90 (purabhedasuttaniddesa),
@khu.cula. 30/18/69, khu. pati. 31/17/424
@5 di.Si. 9/556/246, Ma.Ma. 13/20/15
Ya pana "upekkhasambojjhangam bhaveti vivekanissitan"ti 1- evamagata
sahajatadhammanam majjhattakarabhuta upekkha, ayam bojjhangupekkha nama.
Ya pana "kalena kalam upekkhanimittam manasikaroti"ti 2- evamagata
anaccaraddhanatisithilaviriyasankhata upekkha, ayam viriyupekkha nama.
Ya ca "kati sankharupekkha samadhivasena 3- uppajjanti, kati sankharupekkha
vipassanavasena uppajjanti? attha sankharupekkha samadhivasena uppajjanti,
dasa sankharupekkha vipassanavasena uppajjanti"ti 4- evamagata nivaranadi-
patisankhasantitthana gahane majjhattakarabhuta upekkha, ayam sankharupekkha nama.
Ya pana "yasmim samaye kamavacaram kusalam cittam uppannam hoti upekkhasahagatan"ti
5- evamagata adukkhamasukhasannita 6- upekkha, ayam vedanupekkha nama.
Ya pana "yadatthi yam bhutam, tam pajahati, upekkham patilabhati"ti 7- evamagata
vicinane majjhattabhuta upekkha, ayam vipassanupekkha nama.
Ya pana chandadisu yevapanakesu agata sahajatanam samavahitabhuta
upekkha, ayam tatramajjhattupekkha nama.
Ya "upekkhako ca viharati"ti 8- evamagata aggasukhepi tasmim apakkhapatajanani
upekkha, ayam jhanupekkha nama.
Ya pana "upekkhasatiparisuddhim catuttham jhanan"ti 9- evamagata
sabbapaccanikaparisuddha paccanikavupasamanepi abyaparabhuta upekkha, ayam
parisuddhiupekkha nama.
Tattha chalangupekkha ca brahmaviharupekkha ca bojjhangupekkha ca
tatramajjhattupekkha ca jhanupekkha ca parisuddhiupekkha ca atthato eka,
tatramajjhattupekkhava hoti. Tena tena avatthabhedena panassa ayam bhedo.
@Footnote: 1 Ma.mu. 12/27/16, Ma.Ma. 13/247/222 2 an. tika. 20/103/250 3 cha.Ma. samathavasena
@4 khu.pati. 31/57/66 5 abhi. 34/157/48 6 cha.Ma. adukkhamasukhasankhata
@7 Ma.u. 14/71/52 8 di.Si. 9/98/37, Ma.mu. 12/173/134, abhi. 34/165/52
Ekassapi sato sattassa kumarayuvatherasenapatirajadivasena 1- bhedo viya, tasma
tasu yattha chalangupekkha, na tattha bojjhangupekkhadayo. Yattha va pana
bojjhangupekkha, na tattha chalangupekkhadayo hontiti veditabba.
Yatha cetasam atthato ekibhavo, evam sankharupekkhavipassanupekkhanampi
ekibhavo. Pannaeva hi sa kiccavasena dvidha bhinna, yatha hi purisassa
sayanham geham pavittham sappam ajapadadandam gahetva pariyesamanassa tam thusakotthake 2-
nippannam disva "sappo nukho no"ti avalokentassa sovatthikattayam disva
nibbematikassa "sappo na sappo"ti vicinane majjhattata hoti, evameva ya
araddhavipassakassa vipassanananena lakkhanattaye ditthe sankharanam
aniccabhavadivicinane majjhattata uppajjati, ayam vipassanupekkha. Yatha pana tassa
purisassa ajapadadandakena galham sappam gahetva "kintaham imam sappam
avihethento attananca imina adamsapento munceyyan"ti muncanakarameva
pariyesato gahane majjhattata hoti, evameva ya lakkhanattayassa ditthatta
aditte viya tayo bhave passato sankharaggahane majjhattata, ayam sankharupekkha.
Iti vipassanupekkhaya siddhaya sankharupekkhapi siddhava hoti. Imina panesa
vicinanaggahanesu majjhattasankhatena kiccena dvidha bhinnati. Viriyupekkha pana
vedanupekkha ca annamannanca avasesahi ca atthato bhinnaevati.
Iti 3- imasu dasasu upekkhasu jhanupekkha idha adhippeta. Sa
majjhattalakkhana, anabhogarasa, abyaparapaccupatthana, pitiviragapadatthanati.
Etthaha "nanu cayam atthato tatramajjhattupekkhava hoti, sa ca pathamadutiyajjhanesupi
atthi, tasma tatrapi `upekkhako ca viharati'ti evamayam vattabba siya,
sa kasma na vutta"ti. Aparibyattakiccatta. 4- Aparibyattam hi tassa tattha
kiccam vitakkadihi abhibhutatta, idha panayam vitakkavicarapitihi anabhibhutatta
ukkhittasira viya hutva paribyattakicca jata, tasma vuttati.
@Footnote: 1 Ma. kumarayuvavuddha...., visuddhi. 1/206 pathavikasinaniddesa 2 Ma. thusakotthase
@3 cha.Ma. iti-saddo na dissati 4 cha.Ma. aparibyattakiccato
Nitthita "upekkhako ca viharati"ti etassa sabbaso atthavannana.
Idani sato ca sampajanoti ettha saratiti sato. Sampajanatiti
sampajano. Iti puggalena sati ca sampajannanca vuttam. Tattha saranalakkhana
sati, apammussanarasa, arakkhapaccupatthana, asammohalakkhanam sampajannam, tiranarasam,
pavicayapaccupatthanam.
Tattha kincapi idam satisampajannam purimajjhanesupi atthi, mutthassatissa
hi asampajanassa upacaramattampi na sampajjati, pageva appana, olarikatta
pana tesam jhananam bhumiyam viya purisassa cittassa gati sukhava hoti, abyattam
tattha satisampajannakiccam. Olarikangappahanena pana sukhumatta imassa jhanassa purisassa
khuradharayam viya satisampajannakiccapariggahitayeva cittassa gati icchitabbati
idheva vuttam. Kinci bhiyyo:- yatha dhenupako vaccho dhenuto apanito arakkhiyamano
punadeva dhenum upagacchati, evamidam tatiyajjhanasukham pitito apanitam 1- tam
satisampajannarakkhena arakkhiyamanam punadeva pitim upagaccheyya, pitisampayuttameva
siya. Sukhe vapi satta sarajjanti. Idanca atimadhuram sukham, tato param sukhabhava.
Satisampajannanubhavena panettha sukhe asarajjana hoti, no annathati imampi
atthavisesam dassetum idamidheva vuttanti veditabbam.
Idani sukhanca kayena patisamvedetiti ettha kincapi tatiyajjhanasamangino
sukhapatisamvedanabhogo natthi, evam santepi yasma tassa namakayena sampayuttam
sukham, yam va tam namakayasampayuttam sukham, tamsamutthanenassa yasma atipanitena
rupena rupakayo phuttho, 2- yassa phutthatta jhanavutthitopi sukham patisamvedeyya,
tasma etamattham dassento "sukhanca kayena patisamvedeti"ti aha.
Idani yantam ariya acikkhanti upekkhako satima sukhavihariti ettha
yamjhanahetu yamjhanakarana tam tatiyajjhanasamangipuggalam buddhadayo ariya acikkhanti
desenti pannapenti patthapenti vivaranti vibhajanti uttanikaronti pakasenti,
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. apanitampi 2 cha.Ma. phuto 3 cha.Ma. iti-saddo na dissati
Pasamsantiti adhippayo. Kinti? upekkhako satima sukhavihariti. Tam tatiyajjhanam
upasampajja viharatiti evamettha yojana veditabba.
Kasma pana tam te evam pasamsantiti? pasamsarahato. Ayam hi yasma
Atimadhurasukhe sukhaparamippattepi tatiyajjhane upekkhako, na tattha sukhabhisangena
akaddhiyatiti. 1- Yatha ca piti na uppajjati, evam upatthitassatitaya satima.
Yasma ca ariyakantam ariyajanasevitameva asankilittham sukham namakayena patisamvedeti,
tasma pasamsaraho. Iti pasamsarahato nam ariya te evam pasamsarahahetubhute 2-
gune pakasenta "upekkhako satima sukhavihari"ti evam pasamsantiti veditabbam.
Tatiyanti ganananupubbato tatiyam, idam tatiyam samapajjatitipi tatiyam. Tasmim
samaye phasso hotitiadisu jhanapancake pitipadampi parihinam. Tassapi vasena
savibhattikavibhattikapadavinicchayo veditabbo. Kotthasavarepi "duvangikam jhanam hoti"ti
agatam. Sesam dutiyajjhanasadisamevati.
Tatiyajjhanam nitthitam.
-----------
Catutthajjhanavannana
[165] Catutthajjhananiddese sukhassa ca pahana, dukkhassa ca pahanati
kayikasukhassa ca kayikadukkhassa ca pahana. Pubbevati tanca kho pubbeva, na
catutthajjhanakkhane. Somanassadomanassanam atthangamati cetasikasukhassa
cetasikadukkhassa cati imesam dvinnam pubbeva atthangama, pahana icceva vuttam
hoti. Kada pana nesam pahanam hoti? catunnam jhananamupacarakkhane. Somanassam hi
catutthajjhanassa upacarakkhaneyeva pahiyati, dukkhadomanassasukhani pathamadutiyatatiyajjhananam
upacarakkhanesu. Evametesam pahanakkamena avuttanam indriyavibhange 3-
pana indriyanam uddesakkameneva idhapi vuttanam sukhadukkhasomanassadomanassanam
pahanam veditabbam.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. iti-saddo na dissati 2 cha.Ma. pasamsahetubhute abhi. 35/219-224/145-160
Yadi panetani tassa tassa jhanassa upacarakkhaneyeva pahiyanti, atha
kasma "kattha cuppannam dukkhindriyam aparisesam nirujjhati? idha bhikkhave
bhikkhu vivicceva kamehi .pe. Pathamam jhanam upasampajja viharati. Etthuppannam
dukkhindriyam aparisesam nirujjhati. Kattha cuppannam domanassindriyam.
Sukhindriyam. Somanassindriyam aparisesam nirujjhati? idha bhikkhave bhikkhu sukhassa ca
Pahana .pe. Catuttham jhanam upasampajja viharati. Ettha cuppannam somanassindriyam
aparisesam nirujjhati"ti 1- evam jhanesveva nirodho vuttoti? atisayanirodhatta.
Atisayanirodho hi tesam pathamajjhanadisu, na nirodhoyeva. Nirodhoyeva pana
upacarakkhane, natisayanirodho. Tatha hi nanavajjane pathamajjhanassupacare
niruddhassapi dukkhindriyassa damsamakasadisamphassena va visamasanupatapena va
siya uppatti, na tveva antoappanayam. Upacare va niruddhampetam na
sutthu niruddham hoti patipakkhena avihatatta. Antoappanayam pana pitipharanena
sabbo kayo sukhokkanto hoti, sukhokkantakayassa ca sutthu niruddham hoti
dukkhindriyam patipakkhena vihatatta. Nanavajjaneyeva ca dutiyajjhanupacare
pahinassa domanassindriyassa yasma etam vitakkavicarapaccayepi kayakilamathe
cittupaghate ca sati uppajjati, vitakkavicarabhave ca neva uppajjati. Yattha
pana uppajjati, tattha vitakkavicarabhave. Appahinaeva ca dutiyajjhanupacare
vitakkavicarati tatthassa siya uppatti appahinapaccayatta, 2- na tveva dutiyajjhane
pahinapaccayatta. Tatha tatiyajjhanupacare pahinassapi sukhindriyassa
pitisamutthanappanitarupaphutthakayassa siya uppatti. Na tveva tatiyajjhane.
Tatiyajjhane hi sukhassa paccayabhuta piti sabbaso niruddhati. Tatha
catutthajjhanupacare pahinassapi somanassindriyassa asannatta appanappattaya
upekkhayabhavena samma anatikkantatta ca siya uppatti, na tveva
catutthajjhane. Tasmaeva ca "etthuppannam dukkhindriyam
aparisesam nirujjhati"ti tattha tattha aparisesaggahanam katanti.
@Footnote: 1 sam.Ma. 19/510/190 2 cha.Ma. ayam patho na dissati
Etthaha "athevam tassa tassa jhanassupacare pahinapi eta vedana
idha kasma samahata"ti. Sukhaggahanattham. Ya hi ayam "adukkhamasukhan"ti ettha
adukkhamasukha vedana vutta, sa sukhuma dubbinneyya, na sakka sukhena
gahetum, tasma yatha nama dutthassa yatha va tatha va upasankamitva gahetum
asakkuneyyassa gonassa gahanattham gopo ekasmim vaje sabba gavo samaharati,
athekekam niharanto patipatiya agatam "ayam so, ganhatha nan"ti tampi
gahapayati. Evameva bhagava 1- sukhaggahanattham sabbapi eta samahariti. Evam
hi samahata eta dassetva "yam neva sukham na dukkham na somanassam na
domanassam, ayam adukkhamasukha vedana"ti sakka hoti esa gahayitum.
Apica adukkhamasukhaya cetovimuttiya paccayadassanatthancapi eta vuttati
veditabba. Sukhadukkhappahanadayo hi tassa paccaya. Yathaha "cattaro kho
avuso paccaya adukkhamasukhaya cetovimuttiya samapattiya, idhavuso bhikkhu sukhassa ca
pahana pubbeva somanassadomanassanam atthangama .pe. Catuttham jhanam upasampajja
viharati. Ime kho avuso cattaro paccaya adukkhamasukhaya cetovimuttiya
samapattiya"ti. 2- Yatha va annattha pahinapi sakkayaditthiadayo tatiyamaggassa
vannabhananattham tattha pahinati 3- vutta, evam 4- vannabhananattham tassa jhanassa
ta 4- idha vuttati veditabba. Paccayaghatena va ettha ragadosanam atidurabhavam
dassetumpeta vuttati veditabba. Etasu hi sukham somanassassa paccayo,
somanassam ragassa, dukkham domanassassa paccayo, domanassam dosassa.
Sukhadighatena ca 5- sappaccaya ragadosa hatati atidure hontiti.
Adukkhamasukhanti dukkhabhavena adukkham, sukhabhavena asukham. Etenettha
dukkhasukhapatipakkhabhutam tatiyavedanam dipeti, na dukkhasukhabhavamattam. Tatiyavedana
@Footnote: 1 Ma. evametassa 2 Ma.mu. 12/173/134 3 Ma.Ma. 13/130/105
@4-4 cha.Ma. vannabhananatthampetassa jhanasseta 5 cha.Ma. cassa
Nama adukkhamasukha, upekkhatipi vuccatiti. 1- Sa itthanitthaviparitanubhavanalakkhana,
majjhattarasa, avibhutapaccupatthana, sukhanirodhapadatthanati veditabba.
Upekkhasatiparisuddhinti upekkhaya janitasatiparisuddhim. Imasmim hi jhane
suparisuddha sati, ya cassa satiya parisuddhi, sa upekkhaya kata, na annena.
Tasma etam "upekkhasatiparisuddhi"ti vuccati. Vibhangepi vuttam "ayam sati imaya
upekkhaya visada hoti parisuddha pariyodata, tena vuccati
"upekkhasatiparisuddhi"ti. 2- Yaya ca upekkhaya ettha sati parisuddhi hoti, sa
atthato tatramajjhattatati veditabba. Na kevalancettha taya satiyeva parisuddha, apica
kho sabbepi sampayuttadhamma, satisisena pana desana vutta.
Tattha kincapi ayam upekkha hetthapi tisu jhanesu vijjati, yatha pana
diva suriyappabhabhibhava sommabhavena ca attano upakarakattena va sabhagaya
rattiya alabha diva vijjamanapi candalekha aparisuddha hoti apariyodata,
evamayampi tatramajjhattupekkhacandalekha vitakkadipaccanikadhammatejabhibhava sabhagaya
ca upekkhavedanarattiya appatilabha vijjamanapi pathamadijjhanabhedesu
aparisuddha hoti. Tassa ca aparisuddhaya diva aparisuddhacandalekhaya pabha viya
sahajatapi satiadayo aparisuddhava honti. Tasma tesu ekampi "upekkhasati-
parisuddhi"ti na vuttam. Idha pana vitakkadipaccanikadhammatejabhibhavabhava sabhagaya
ca upekkhavedanarattiya patilabha ayam tatramajjhattupekkhacandalekha ativiya
parisuddha, tassa parisuddhatta parisuddhacandalekhaya pabha viya sahajatapi
satiadayo parisuddha honti pariyodata. Tasma idameva "upekkhasatiparisuddhi"ti
vuttanti veditabbam.
Catutthanti ganananupubbato 3- catuttham, idam catuttham samapajjatitipi catuttham.
Phasso hotitiadisu phassapancake tava vedanati upekkhavedana veditabba.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. vuccati 2 abhi. 35/487/284 3 cha.Ma. ganananupubbata
Jhanapancakaindriyatthakesu pana "upekkha hoti, upekkhindriyam hoti"ti 1-
vuttameva. Sesani tatiye parihinapadani idhapi parihinaneva. Kotthasavarepi
duvangikam jhananti upekkhacittekaggatavaseneva veditabbam. Sesam sabbam
tatiyasadisamevati.
Catukkanayo nitthito.
-----------
The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 53 page 214-232.
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=53&A=5363&modeTY=2
อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=53&A=5363&modeTY=2
อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=34&i=139
เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=34&A=1279
พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=34&A=877
The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=34&A=877
Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 34
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_34
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