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| บทนำ พระวินัยปิฎก พระสุตตันตปิฎก พระอภิธรรมปิฎก ค้นพระไตรปิฎก ชาดก หนังสือธรรมะ |
397. 3. Ānandattheragāthāvaṇṇanā
pisuṇena ca kodhanenātiādikā āyasmato ānandattherassa gāthā. Kā
uppatti?
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. sāriputtamevetaṃ 2 Ma.upari. 14/93-7/77-81 anupadasutta
@3 dī.pāṭi. 11/141 ādi/85 sampasādanīyasutta
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page454.
Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle haṃsavatīnagare
satthu vemātikabhātā hutvā nibbatti, sumanotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. Pitā panassa
ānandarājā nāma. So attano puttassa sumanakumārassa vayappattassa haṃsavatito
vīsayojanasate ṭhāne bhoganagaraṃ adāsi. So kadāci kadāci āgantvā satthārañca
pitarañca passati. Tadā rājā satthārañca satasahassaparimāṇaṃ bhikkhusaṃghañca sayameva
sakkaccaṃ upaṭṭhahi, aññesaṃ upaṭṭhātuṃ na deti.
Tena samayena paccanto kupito ahosi. Kumāro tassa kupitabhāvaṃ rañño
anārocetvā sayameva taṃ vūpasameti. Taṃ sutvā rājā tuṭṭhamānaso puttaṃ pakkosāpetvā
"varaṃ te tāta dammi, varaṃ gaṇhāhī"ti āha. Kumāro "satthāraṃ bhikkhusaṃghañca
temāsaṃ upaṭṭhahanto jīvitaṃ avañjhaṃ kātuṃ icchāmī"ti āha. Etaṃ na sakkā,
aññaṃ vadehīti. Deva khattiyānaṃ dvekathā nāma natthi, etadeva me dehi, na
mayhaṃ aññena atthoti. Sace satthā anujānāti, dinnamevāti. So "satthu cittaṃ
jānissāmī"ti vihāraṃ gato. Tena ca samayena bhagavā bhattakiccaṃ niṭṭhāpetvā
gandhakuṭiṃ paviṭṭho hoti, so bhikkhū upasaṅkamitvā "ahaṃ bhante bhagavantaṃ dassanāya
āgato, dassetha me bhagavantan"ti āha. Bhikkhū "sumano nāma thero satthu upaṭṭhāko,
tassa santikaṃ gacchāhī"ti āhaṃsu. So therassa santikaṃ gantvā vanditvā "satthāraṃ
bhante me dassethā"ti āha. Atha thero tassa passantasseva paṭhaviyaṃ nimujjitvā
satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā "bhante rājaputto tumhākaṃ dassanāya āgato "ti āha.
Tenahi bhikkhu bahi āsanaṃ paññāpehīti. Thero punapi tassa passantasseva buddhāsanaṃ
gahetvā antogandhakuṭiyaṃ nimujjitvā bahipariveṇe pātubhavitvā gandhakuṭipariveṇe
āsanaṃ paññāpesi. Kumāro taṃ disvā "mahanto vatāyaṃ bhikkhū"ti cittaṃ uppādesi.
Bhagavāpi gandhakuṭito nikkhamitvā paññattāsane nisīdi. Rājaputto satthāraṃ
vanditvā paṭisanthāraṃ katavā ayaṃ bhante thero tumhākaṃ sāsane vallabho maññeti.
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page455.
Āma kumāra vallabhoti. Kiṃ katvā bhante esa vallabho hotīti. Dānādīni puññāni
katvāti. "bhagavā ahampi ayaṃ thero viya anāgate buddhasāsane vallabho hotukāmo"ti
sattāhaṃ khandhāvārabhattaṃ nāma datvāpi sattame divase bhante mayā pitu santikā
temāsaṃ tumhākaṃ paṭijagganavaro laddho, temāsaṃ me vassāvāsaṃ adhivāsethāti. Bhagavā
"atthi nu kho tattha gatena attho"ti oloketvā "atthī"ti disvā "suññāgāre
kho kumāra tathāgatā abhiramantī"ti āha. Kumāro "aññātaṃ bhagavā, aññātaṃ
sugatā"ti vatvā "ahaṃ bhante purimataraṃ gantvā vihāraṃ kāremi, mayā pesite
bhikkhusatasahassena saddhiṃ āgacchathā"ti paṭiññaṃ gahetvā pitu santikaṃ gantvā
"dinnā me deva bhagavatā paṭiññā, mayā pahite bhagavantaṃ peseyyāthā"ti pitaraṃ
vanditvā nikkhamitvā yojane yojane vihāraṃ karonto vīsayojanasataṃ addhānaṃ gato.
Gantvā ca attano nagare vihāraṭṭhānaṃ vicinanto sobhanassa nāma kuṭumbikassa
uyyānaṃ disvā satasahassena kiṇitvā satasahassaṃ vissajjetvā vihāraṃ kāresi.
Tattha bhagavato gandhakuṭiṃ sesabhikkhūnañca rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānatthāya kuṭileṇamaṇḍape
kāretvā pākāraparikkhepaṃ dvārakoṭṭhakañca niṭṭhāpetvā pitu santikaṃ pesesi
"niṭṭhitaṃ mayhaṃ kiccaṃ, satthāraṃ pahiṇathā"ti.
Rājā bhagavantaṃ bhojetvā "bhagavā sumanassa kiccaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ, tumhākaṃ gamanaṃ
paccāsiṃsatī"ti āha. Bhagavā satasahassabhikkhuparivuto yojane yojane vihāresu vasamāno
agamāsi. Kumāro "satthā āgacchatī"ti sutvā yojanaṃ paccuggantvā gandhamālādīhi
pūjayamāno 1- satasahassena kīte sobhane nāma uyyāne satasahassena kāritaṃ vihāraṃ
pavesetvā:-
"satasahassena me kītaṃ satasahassena māpitaṃ
sobhanaṃ nāma uyyānaṃ paṭiggaṇha mahāmunī"ti
@Footnote: 1 Sī. pūjayamāno bhagavantaṃ ānetvā
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page456.
Taṃ niyyādesi. So vassūpanāyikadivase mahādānaṃ pavattetvā "imināva nīhārena
dānaṃ dadeyyāthā"ti puttadāre amacce ca kiccakaraṇīyesu ca niyojetvā sayaṃ
sumanattherassa vasanaṭṭhānasamīpeyeva vasanto temāsaṃ satthāraṃ upaṭṭhahanto upakaṭṭhāya
pavāraṇāya gāmaṃ pavisitvā sattāhaṃ mahādānaṃ pavattetvā sattame divase satthu
bhikkhusatasahassassa ca pādamūle ticīvarāni ṭhapetvā vanditvā "bhante yadetaṃ mayā
sattāhaṃ khandhāvāradānato paṭṭhāya 1- puññaṃ kataṃ, na taṃ saggasampattiādinaṃ atthāya,
athakho ahaṃ ayaṃ sumanatthero viya anāgate ekassa buddhassa upaṭṭhāko bhaveyyan"ti
paṇidhānaṃ akāsi. Satthāpissa anantarāyataṃ disvā byākaritvā pakkāmi.
Sopi tasmiṃ buddhuppāde vassasatasahassaṃ puññāni katvā tato parampi tattha
tattha bhave uḷārāni puññakammāni upacinitvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto kassapassa
bhagavato kāle piṇḍāya carato ekassa therassa pattaggahaṇatthaṃ uttarasāṭakaṃ datvā
pūjaṃ akāsi. Puna sagge nibbattitvā tato cuto bārāṇasirājā hutvā aṭṭha
paccekabuddhe disvā te bhojetvā attano maṅgaluyyāne aṭṭha paṇṇasālāyo
kāretvā tesaṃ nisīdanatthāya aṭṭha sabbaratanamayapīṭhe ceva maṇiādhārake ca
paṭiyādetvā dasavassasahassāni upaṭṭhānaṃ akāsi. Etāni pākaṭaṭṭhānāni.
Kappasatasahassaṃ pana tattha tattha bhave puññāni karontova amhākaṃ bodhisattena
saddhiṃ tusitapure nibbattitvā tato cuto amitodanasakkassa gehe nibbatti, tassa
sabbe ñātake ānandite karonto jātoti ānandotveva nāmaṃ ahosi. So
anukkamena vayappatto katābhinikkhamane sammāsambodhiṃ patvā pavattitavaradhammacakke paṭhamaṃ
kapilavatthuṃ gantvā tato nikkhante bhagavati tassa parivāratthaṃ pabbajituṃ nikkhantehi
bhaddiyādīhi saddhiṃ nikkhamitvā bhagavato santike pabbajitvā na cirasseva āyasmato
puṇṇassa mantāniputtassa santike dhammakathaṃ sutvā sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahi.
@Footnote: 1 Sī. yadetaṃ mahādānato paṭṭhāya
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Tena ca samayena bhagavato paṭhamabodhiyaṃ vīsativassāni anibaddhaupaṭṭhākā ahesuṃ. Ekadā
nāgasamālo pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā vicari, ekadā nāgito, ekadā upavāno, ekadā
sunakkhatto, ekadā cundo samaṇuddeso, ekadā sāgato, ekadā meghiyo, te yebhuyyena
satthu cittaṃ nārādhayiṃsu. Athekadivasaṃ bhagavā gandhakuṭipariveṇe paññattavarabuddhāsane
bhikkhusaṃghaparivuto nisinno bhikkhū āmantesi "ahaṃ bhikkhave idānimhi mahallako,
ekacce bhikkhū `iminā maggena gacchāmā'ti vutte aññena gacchanti, ekacce
mayhaṃ pattacīvaraṃ bhūmiyaṃ nikkhipanti, mayhaṃ nibaddhupaṭṭhākaṃ bhikkhuṃ jānāthā"ti.
Taṃ sutvā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammasaṃvego udapādi. Athāyasmā sāriputto uṭṭhāya bhagavantaṃ
vanditvā "ahaṃ bhante tumhe upaṭṭhahissāmī"ti āha. Taṃ bhagavā paṭikkhipi.
Etenupāyena mahāmoggallānaṃ ādiṃ katvā sabbe mahāsāvakā "ahaṃ upaṭṭhahissāmi, ahaṃ
upaṭṭhahissāmī"ti uṭṭhahiṃsu ṭhapetvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ, tepi bhagavā paṭikkhipi.
So pana tuṇhīyeva nisīdi. Atha naṃ bhikkhū āhaṃsu "āvuso tvampi satthu
upaṭṭhākaṭṭhānaṃ yācāhī"ti. Yācitvā laddhaṭṭhānaṃ nāma kīdisaṃ hoti, sace ruccati,
satthā sayameva vakkhatīti. Atha bhagavā "na bhikkhave ānando aññehi ussāhetabbo, sayameva
jānitvā maṃ upaṭṭhahissatī"ti āha. Tato bhikkhū "uṭṭhehi āvuso ānanda, satthāraṃ
upaṭṭhākaṭṭhānaṃ yācāhī"ti āhaṃsu.
Thero uṭṭhahitvā "sace me bhante bhagavā attanā laddhaṃ paṇītacīvaraṃ na
dassati, paṇītapiṇḍapātaṃ na dassati, ekagandhakuṭiyaṃ vasituṃ na dassati, nimantanaṃ
gahetvā na gamissati, evāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ upaṭṭhahissāmī"ti āha. "ettake 1- guṇe
labhato satthu upaṭṭhāne ko bhāro"ti upavādamocanatthaṃ ime cattāro paṭikkhepā
ca "sace bhante bhagavā mayā gahitanimantanaṃ gamissati, sacāhaṃ desantarato āgatāgate
tāvadeva dassetuṃ lacchāmi. Yadā me kaṅkhā uppajjati, tāvadeva bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamituṃ
@Footnote: 1 Sī.,Ma. upaṭṭhahissāmīti ettakameva
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Lacchāmi, sace bhagavā parammukhā desitaṃ dhammaṃ puna mayhaṃ kathessati, evāhaṃ
bhagavantaṃ upaṭṭhahissāmī"ti "ettakampi satthu santike anuggahaṃ na labhatī"ti
upavādamocanatthañceva dhammabhaṇḍāgārikabhāvapāramīpūraṇatthañca imā catasso āyācanā cāti
aṭṭha vāre gahetvā nibaddhupaṭṭhāko ahosi. Tasseva ṭhānantarassa atthāya kappasatasahassaṃ
pūritānaṃ pāramīnaṃ phalaṃ pāpuṇi, so upaṭṭhākaṭṭhānaṃ laddhadivasato paṭṭhāya dasabalaṃ duvidhena
udakena, tividhena dantakaṭṭhena, hatthapādaparikammena piṭṭhiparikammena, gandhakuṭi-
pariveṇasammajjanenāti evamādīhi kiccehi upaṭṭhahanto "imāya nāma velāya satthu
idaṃ nāma laddhuṃ vaṭṭati, idaṃ nāma kātuṃ vaṭṭatī"ti divasabhāgaṃ santikāvacaro hutvā
rattibhāge mahantaṃ daṇḍadīpikaṃ gahetvā gandhakuṭipariveṇaṃ nava vāre anupariyāyati
satthari pakkosante paṭivacanadānāya thīnamiddhavinodanatthaṃ.
Atha naṃ satthā jetavane ariyagaṇamajjhe nisinno anekapariyāyena pasaṃsitvā bahussutānaṃ
satimantānaṃ gatimantānaṃ dhitimantānaṃ upaṭṭhākānañca bhikkhūnaṃ aggaṭṭhāne
ṭhapesi. Evaṃ satthārā pañcasu ṭhānesu etadagge ṭhapito catūhi acchariyabbhuta-
dhammehi samannāgato satthu dhammakosārakkho ayaṃ mahāthero sekhova samāno satthari
parinibbute heṭṭhā vuttanayena bhikkhūhi samuttejito devatāya ca saṃvejito "sveyeva
ca dāni dhammasaṅgīti kātabbā, na kho pana metaṃ paṭirūpaṃ, yvāyaṃ sekho sakaraṇīyo
hutvā asekhehi therehi saddhiṃ dhammaṃ saṅgāyituṃ sannipātaṃ gantun"ti sañjātussāho
vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā bahudevarattiṃ vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto caṅkame viriyasamataṃ
alabhitvā vihāraṃ pavisitvā sayane nisīditvā sayitukāmo kāyaṃ āvaṭṭesi. 1-
Appattañca sīsaṃ bimbohanaṃ pādā ca bhūmito muttamattā, etasmiṃ antare anupādāya
āsavehi cittaṃ vimucci, chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne 2-:-
"ārāmadvārā nikkhamma padumuttaro mahāmuni
vassento amataṃ vuṭṭhiṃ nibbāpesi mahājanaṃ.
@Footnote: 1 Ma. āvañchesi 2 khu.apa. 32/644ādi/75
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page459.
Satasahassā 1- te dhīrā chaḷabhiññā mahiddhikā
parivārenti sambuddhaṃ chāyāva anupāyinī. 2-
Hatthikkhandhagato āsiṃ setacchattaṃ varuttamaṃ
sucārurūpaṃ disvāna pīti 3- me udapajjatha.
Oruyha hatthikhandhamhā upagacchiṃ narāsabhaṃ
ratanāmayachattaṃ me buddhaseṭṭhassa dhārayiṃ.
Mama saṅkappamaññāya padumuttaro mahāisi
taṃ kathaṃ ṭhapayitvāna imā gāthā abhāsatha.
Yo so chattamadhāresi soṇṇālaṅkārabhūsitaṃ
tamahaṃ kittayissāmi suṇātha mama bhāsato.
Ito gantvā ayaṃ poso tusitaṃ āvasissati
anubhossati sampattiṃ accharāhi purakkhato.
Catutiṃsatikkhattuṃ ca devarajjaṃ karissati
narādhipo 4- aṭṭhasataṃ vasudhaṃ āvasissati.
Aṭṭhapaññāsakkhattuṃ ca cakkavattī bhavissati
padesarajjaṃ vipulaṃ mahiyā kārayissati.
Kappasatasahassamhi okkākakulasambhavo
gotamo nāma gottena satthā loke bhavissati.
Sakyānaṃ kulaketussa ñātibandhu bhavissati
ānando nāma nāmena upaṭṭhāko mahesino.
Ātāpī nipako cāpi bāhusaccesu kovido
nivātavutti atthaddho sabbapāṭhī bhavissati.
Padhānapahitatto so upasanto nirūpadhi
sabbāsave pariññāya nibbāyissatyanāsavo.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. satasahassaṃ 2 cha.Ma. anapāyinī 3 cha.Ma. vatti
@4 cha.Ma. balādhipo
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page460.
Santi āraññakā nāgā kuñjarā saṭṭhihāyanā
tidhappabhinnā mātaṅgā īsādantā uruḷhavā.
Anekasatasahassā paṇḍitāpi mahiddhikā
sabbe te buddhanāgassa na hontu paṇidhimhi te.
Ādiyā me namassāmi majjhime atha pacchime
pasannacitto sumano buddhaseṭṭhaṃ upaṭṭhahiṃ.
Ātāpī nipako cāpi sampajāno paṭissato
sotāpattiphalaṃ patto sekhabhūmīsu kovido.
Satasahassito kappe yaṃ kammamabhinīhariṃ
tāhaṃ bhūmimanuppatto ṭhitā saddhammamācalā.
Svāgataṃ vata me āsi .pe. kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan"ti.
Chaḷabhiñño pana hutvā saṅgītimaṇḍapaṃ pavi sitvā dhammaṃ saṅgāyanto tattha
tattha bhikkhūnaṃ ovādadānavasena attano paṭipattidīpanādivasena ca bhāsitagāthā ekajjhaṃ
katvā anukkamena khuddakanikāyasaṅgāyanakāle theragāthāsu saṅgītiṃ āropento:-
[1017] "pisuṇena ca kodhanena ca
maccharinā ca vibhūtinandinā 1-
sakhitaṃ na kareyya paṇḍito
pāpo kāpurisena saṅgamo.
[1018] Saddhena ca pesalena ca
paññavatā bahussutena ca
sakhitaṃ hi kareyya paṇḍito
bhaddo sappurisena saṅgamo.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. vibhūtanandinā
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page461.
[1019] Passa cittakataṃ bimbaṃ arukāyaṃ samussitaṃ
āturaṃ bahusaṅkappaṃ yassa natthi dhuvaṃ ṭhiti.
[1020] Passa cittakataṃ rūpaṃ maṇinā kuṇḍalena ca
aṭṭhitacena onaddhaṃ saha vatthehi sobhati.
[1021] Alattakakatā pādā mukhaṃ cuṇṇakamakkhitaṃ
alaṃ bālassa mohāya no ca pāragavesino.
[1022] Aṭṭhapadakatā kesā nettā añjanamakkhitā
alaṃ bālassa mohāya no ca pāragavesino.
[1023] Añjanīva navā cittā pūtikāyo alaṅkato
alaṃ bālassa mohāya no ca pāragavesino.
Odahi migavo pāsaṃ nāsadā vāguraṃ migo
bhutvā nivāpaṃ gacchāma kandante migabandhake.
Chinno pāso migavassa nāsadā vāguraṃ migo
bhutvā nivāpaṃ gacchāma socante migaluddake.
[1024] Bahussuto cittakathī buddhassa paricārako
pannabhāro visaññutto seyyaṃ kappeti gotamo.
[1025] Khīṇāsavo visaññutto saṅgātīto sunibbuto
dhāreti antimaṃ dehaṃ jātimaraṇapāragū.
[1026] Yasmiṃ patiṭṭhitā dhammā buddhassādiccabandhuno
nibbānagamane magge soyaṃ tiṭṭhati gotamo.
[1027] Dvāsīti buddhato gaṇhiṃ 1- dve sahassāni bhikkhuto
caturāsītisahassāni ye me dhammā pavattino.
[1028] Appassutāyaṃ puriso balibaddova jīrati
maṃsāni tassa vaḍḍhanti paññā tassa na vaḍḍhati.
@Footnote: 1 pāli. gaṇhi
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page462.
[1029] Bahussuto appassutaṃ yo sutenātimaññati
andho padīpadhārova tatheva paṭibhāti maṃ.
[1030] Bahussutaṃ upāseyya sutañca na vināsaye
taṃ mūlaṃ brahmacariyassa tasmā dhammadharo siyā.
[1031] Pubbāparaññū atthaññū niruttipadakovido
suggahītañca gaṇhāti atthañcopaparikkhati.
[1032] Khantyā chandikato hoti ussahitvā tuleti taṃ
samaye so padahati ajjhattaṃ susamāhito.
[1033] Bahussutaṃ dhammadharaṃ sappaññaṃ buddhasāvakaṃ
dhammaviññāṇamākaṅkhaṃ taṃ bhajetha tathāvidhaṃ.
[1034] Bahussuto dhammadharo kosārakkho mahesino
cakkhu sabbassa lokassa pūjaneyyo 1- bahussuto.
[1035] Dhammārāmo dhammarato dhammaṃ anuvicintayaṃ
dhammaṃ anussaraṃ bhikkhu saddhammā na parihāyati.
[1036] Kāyamaccheragaruno hiyyamāne anuṭṭhahe
sarīrasukhagiddhassa kuto samaṇaphāsutā.
[1037] Na pakkhanti disā sabbā dhammā na paṭibhanti maṃ
gate kalyāṇamittamhi andhakāraṃva khāyati.
[1038] Abbhatītasahāyassa atītagatasatthuno
natthi etādisaṃ mittaṃ yathā kāyagatā sati.
[1039] Ye purāṇā atītā te navehi na sameti me
svajja ekova jhāyāmi vassupetova pakkhimā.
[1040] Dassanāya atikkante 2- nānāverajjake bahū
mā vārayittha sotāro passantu samayo mamaṃ.
@Footnote: 1 cha. Ma. pūjanīyo 2 cha.Ma. abhikkante
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[1041] Dassanāya atikkante nānāverajjake puthu
karoti satthā okāsaṃ na nivāreti cakkhumā.
[1042] Paṇṇavīsati vassāni sekhabhūtassa 1- me sato
na kāmasaññā uppajji passa dhammasudhammataṃ.
[1043] Paṇṇavīsati vassāni sekhabhūtassa 1- me sato
na dosasaññā uppajji passa dhammasudhammataṃ.
[1044] Paṇṇavīsati vassāni bhagavantaṃ upaṭṭhahiṃ
mettena kāyakammena chāyāva anupāyinī.
[1045] Paṇṇavīsati vassāni bhagavantaṃ upaṭṭhahiṃ
mettena vacīkammena chāyāva anupāyinī.
[1046] Paṇṇavīsati vassāni bhagavantaṃ upaṭṭhahiṃ
mettena manokammena chāyāva anupāyinī.
[1047] Buddhassa caṅkamantassa piṭṭhito anucaṅkamiṃ
dhamme desiyamānamhi ñāṇaṃ me udapajjatha.
[1048] Ahaṃ sakaraṇīyomhi sekho appattamānaso
satthu ca parinibbānaṃ yo amhaṃ anukampako.
[1049] Tadāsi yaṃ bhiṃsanakaṃ tadāsi lomahaṃsanaṃ
sabbakāravarūpete sambuddhe parinibbute.
[1050] Bahussuto dhammadharo kosārakkho mahesino
cakkhu sabbassa lokassa ānando parinibbuto.
[1051] Bahussuto dhammadharo kosārakkho mahesino
cakkhu sabbassa lokassa andhakāre tamonudo.
[1052] Gatimanto satimanto dhitimanto ca yo isi
saddhammadhārako thero ānando ratanākaro.
@Footnote: 1 ka. sobhūtassa
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page464.
[1053] Pariciṇṇo mayā satthā kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ
ohito garuko bhāro natthi dāni punabbhavo"ti
imā gāthā abhāsi.
Tattha pisuṇena cāti ādito dve gāthā chabbaggiye bhikkhū devadattapakkhiyehi
bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ saṃsaggaṃ karonte disvā tesaṃ ovādadānavasena vuttā. Tattha
pīsuṇenāti pisuṇāya vācāya. Tāya hi yutto puggalo "pisuṇo"ti vutto yathā
nīlaguṇayutto paṭo nīloti. Kodhanenāti kujjhanasīlena. Attasampattinigūhaṇalakkhaṇassa
maccherassa sambhavato maccharinā. Vibhūtinandināti sattānaṃ vibhūtaṃ vibhavanaṃ vināsaṃ
icchantena, vibhūtaṃ vā visuṃ bhāvo bhedo, taṃ nandanena, sabbametaṃ devadattapakkhiyeva
sandhāya vuttaṃ. Te hi pañcavatthudīpanāya bahū jane sammāpaṭipanne bhindantā satthari
bahiddhatāya 1- thaddhamacchariyādimacchariyapakatāmahājanassa mahato anatthāya paṭipajjiṃsu.
Sakhitanti sahāyabhāvaṃ saṃsaggaṃ na kareyya, kiṃkāraṇā? pāpo kāpurisena saṅgamo
Kāpurisena pāpapuggalena samāgamo nihīno lāmako. Ye hissa diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjanti.
Tesaṃ ducintitādibhedaṃ bālalakkhaṇameva āvahati, pageva vacanakarassa. Tenāha bhagavā
"yāni kānici bhikkhave bhayāni uppajjanti, sabbāni tānibālato uppajjanti,
no paṇḍitato"tiādi. 2-
Yena pana saṃsaggo kātabbo, taṃ dassetuṃ "saddhena cā"tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha
saddhenāti kammakammaphalasaddhāya ceva ratanattayasaddhāya ca samannāgatena. Pesalenāti
piyasīlena sīlasampannena. Paññavatāti udayatthagāminiyā 3- nibbedhikāya paññāya vasena
paññāsampannena. Bahussutenāti pariyattipaṭivedhabāhusaccānaṃ pāripūriyā bahussutena.
Bhaddoti tena tādisena sādhunā saṅgamo bhaddo sundaro kalyāṇo diṭṭhadhammikādi-
bhedaṃ atthaṃ āvahatīti adhippāyo.
@Footnote: 1 Sī. avahitthatāya 2 aṅ.tika. 20/1/96 bhayasutta 3 Sī. udayabbayagāminiyā
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page465.
Passa cittakatantiādikā satta gāthā attano rūpasampattiṃ disvā kāmasaññaṃ
uppādentiyā uttarāya nāma upāsikāya kāyavicchandajananatthaṃ bhāsitā. "ambapāliṃ
gaṇikaṃ disvā vikkhittacittānaṃ ovādadānatthan"tipi vadanti. Tā heṭṭhā
vuttatthāeva.
Bahussuto cittakathītiādikā dve. Gāthā therena arahattaṃ patvā udānavasena
bhāsitā. Tattha paricārakoti upaṭṭhāko. Seyyaṃ kappetīti arahattappattisamanantaraṃ
sayitattā vuttaṃ. Thero hi bahudeva rattiṃ caṅkamena vītināmetvā sarīraṃ utuṃ gāhāpetuṃ
ovarakaṃ 1- pavisitvā sayituṃ mañcake nisinno pādā ca bhūmito muttā, appattañca
sīsaṃ bimbohanaṃ, etthantare 2- arahattaṃ patvā sayi.
Khīṇāsavoti parikkhīṇacaturāsavo, tato eva catūhipi yogehi visaṃyutto,
rāgasaṅgādīnaṃ atikkantattā saṅgātīto, sabbaso kilesapariḷāhassa vūpasantattā
sunibbuto sītibhūtoti attho.
Yasmiṃ patiṭṭhitā dhammāti theraṃ uddissa khīṇāsavamahābrahmunā bhāsitā gāthā.
Upaṭṭhitāya hi dhammasaṅgītiyā theraṃ uddissa yehi bhikkhūhi "eko bhikkhu
vissagandhaṃ vāyatī"ti vuttaṃ. Atha thero adhigate arahatte sattapaṇṇiguhādvāraṃ saṃghassa
sāmaggī dānatthaṃ āgato, tassa khīṇāsavabhāvappakāsanena suddhāvāsamahābrahmā te bhikkhū
lajjāpento "yasmiṃ patiṭṭhitā dhammā"ti gāthamāha. Tassattho:- buddhassa bhagavato
dhammā teneva adhigatā paveditā ca paṭivedhapariyattidhammā yasmiṃ purisavisese patiṭṭhitā,
soyaṃ gottato gotamo dhammabhaṇḍāgāriko saupādisesanibbānassa adhigatattā idāni
anupādisesanibbānagamane magge patiṭṭhahi, tassa ekaṃsabhāgīti.
Athekadivasaṃ gopakamoggallāno nāma brāhmaṇo theraṃ pucchi "tvaṃ bahussutoti
buddhassa sāsane pākaṭo, kittakā dhammā te satthārā bhāsitā, tayā dhāritā"ti,
@Footnote: 1 Sī. ovaraṇaṃ 2 Sī. na etthantare
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page466.
Tassa thero paṭivacanaṃ dento "dvāsītī"ti gāthamāha. Tattha dvāsīti sahassānīti yojanā,
buddhato gaṇhinti sammāsambuddhato uggaṇhiṃ dvisahassādhikāni asītidhammakkhandha-
sahassāni satthu santikā adhigaṇhinti attho. Dve sahassāni bhikkhutoti dve
dhammakkhandhasahassāni bhikkhuto gaṇhiṃ, dhammasenāpatiādīnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santikā
adhigacchiṃ. Caturāsītisahassānīti tadubhayaṃ samodhānetvā catusahassādhikāni
asītisahassāni. Ye me dhammā pavattinoti ye yathāvuttaparimāṇā dhammakkhandhā mayhaṃ
paguṇā vācuggatā jivhagge parivattantīti.
Athekadā thero sāsane pabbajitvā vipassanādhurepi ganthadhurepi ananuyuttaṃ
ekaṃ puggalaṃ disvā bāhusaccābhāve ādīnavaṃ pakāsento "appassutāyan"ti
gāthamāha. Tattha appassutāyanti ekassa dvinnaṃ vā paṇṇāsānaṃ, athavā pana vaggānaṃ
antamaso ekassa dvinnaṃ vā suttantānampi uggahitānaṃ abhāvena appassuto
ayaṃ, kammaṭṭhānaṃ pana uggahetvā 1- anuyuñjanto bahussutova. Balibaddova jīratīti
yathā balibaddo 2- jīramāno vaḍḍhamāno neva mātu na pitu, na sesañātakānaṃ
atthāya vaḍḍhati, athakho niratthakameva jīrati, evamevaṃ ayampi na upajjhāyavattaṃ
karoti, na ācariyavattaṃ, na āgantukavattādīni, na bhāvanaṃ anuyuñjati, niratthakameva
jīrati. Maṃsāni tassa vaḍḍhantīti yathā balibaddassa "kasanabhāravahanādīsu asamattho eso"ti
araññe vissaṭṭhassa yathā tathā vicarantassa khādantassa pivantassa maṃsāni tassa
vaḍḍhanti, evamevaṃ imassāpi upajjhāyādīhi vissaṭṭhassa saṃghaṃ nissāya cattāro
paccaye labhitvā uddhaṃvirecanādīni katvā kāyaṃ posentassa maṃsāni vaḍḍhanti
thūlasarīro hutvā vicarati. Paññāti lokiyalokuttarā panassa paññā ekaṅgulimattāpi na
vaḍḍhati, araññe gacchalatādīni viya assa chadvārāni 3- nissāya taṇhā ceva navavidhamāno
ca vaḍḍhatīti adhippāyo.
@Footnote: 1 Sī. gahetvā 2 Ma. balibaddho 3 Sī. chadvārāni pana
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page467.
Bahussutoti gāthā attano bāhusaccaṃ nissāya aññaṃ atimaññantaṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ
uddissa vuttā. Tattha sutenāti sutahetu attano bāhusaccanimittaṃ. Atimaññatīti
atikkamitvā maññati attānaṃ ukkaṃsento paraṃ paribhavati. Tathevāti yathā andho
andhakāre telapajjotaṃ dhārento ālokadānena paresaṃyeva atthāvaho, na attano,
tatheva pariyattibāhusaccena sutavā puggalo sutena anupapanno attano atthaṃ
aparipūrento andho ñāṇālokadānena paresaṃyeva atthāvaho, na attano, dīpadhāro
andho viya mayhaṃ upaṭṭhātīti.
Idāni bāhusacce ānisaṃsaṃ dassento "bahussutan"ti gāthamāha. Tattha
upāseyyāti payirupāseyya. Sutañca na vināsayeti bahussutaṃ payirupāsitvā laddhaṃ
sutañca na vināseyya na susseyya dhāraṇaparicayaparipucchāmanasikārehi vaḍḍheyya. Taṃ mūlaṃ
brahmacariyassāti yasmā bahussutaṃ payirūpāsitvā laddhaṃ taṃ sutaṃ pariyattibāhusaccaṃ
maggabrahmacariyassa mūlaṃ padhānakāraṇaṃ. Tasmā dhammadharo siyā vimuttāyatanasīse ṭhatvā
yathāsutassa dhammassa dhāraṇe 1- paṭhamaṃ pariyattidhammadharo bhaveyya.
Idāni pariyattibāhusaccena sādhetabbamatthaṃ dassetuṃ "pubbāparaññū"tiādi
vuttaṃ. Tattha pubbañca aparañca jānātīti pubbāparaññū. Ekissā hi gāthāya
pubbabhāge apaññāyamānepi pubbabhāge vā paññāyamāne aparabhāge apaññāya-
mānepi "imassa aparabhāgassa iminā pubbabhāgena imassa vā pubbabhāgassa iminā
aparabhāgena bhavitabban"ti jānanto pubbāparaññū nāma. Attatthādibhedaṃ tassa
tassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ jānātīti atthaññū. Niruttipadakovidoti niruttiyaṃ
sesapadesupi cāti catūsupi paṭisambhidāsu cheko. Suggahītañca gaṇhātīti teneva kovida-
bhāvena atthato byañjanato ca dhammaṃ sugahitameva katvā gaṇhāti. Atthañcopaparikkhatīti
yathāsutassa yathāpariyattassa dhammassa atthaṃ upaparikkhati "iti sīlaṃ, iti samādhi,
iti paññā, ime rūpārūpadhammā"ti manasā anupekkhati.
@Footnote: 1 Sī. karaṇena, Ma. kāraṇe
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page468.
Khantyā chandikato hotīti tesu manasā anupekkhitesu dhammesu diṭṭhinijjhānak-
khantiyā nijjhānaṃ khamāpetvā rūpapariggahādimukhena vipassanābhinivese chandikato
chandajāto hoti. Tathābhūto ca vipassanāya kammaṃ 1- karonto ussahitvā tuleti
taṃtaṃpaccayanāmarūpadassanavasena ussāhaṃ katvā tato paraṃ tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā tuleti
"aniccan"tipi "dukkhan"tipi "anattā"tipi taṃ nāmarūpaṃ tīreti vipassati. Samaye
so padahati, ajjhattaṃ susamāhitoti so evaṃ passanto paggahetabbādisamaye cittassa
paggaṇhanādinā padahati, padahanto ca ajjhattaṃ gocarajjhatte vipassanāsamādhinā
maggasamādhinā ca suṭṭhu samāhito bhaveyya, asamādhānahetubhūte kilese pajaheyya.
Svāyaṃ guṇo sabbopi yasmā bahussutaṃ dhammadharaṃ sappaññaṃ buddhasāvakaṃ payirupāsantassa
hoti, tasmā asaṅkhataṃ dhammaṃ ārabbha dukkhādīsu pariññādivisiṭṭhakiccatāya
dhammaviññāṇasaṅkhātaṃ dhammañāṇaṃ ākaṅkhanto tathāvidhaṃ vuttappakāraṃ kalyāṇamittaṃ bhajetha
seveyya payirupāseyyāti attho.
Evaṃ bahupakāratāya tassa pūjanīyataṃ dassento "bahussuto"ti gāthamāha.
Tassattho:- suttageyyādi bahu sutaṃ etassāti bahussuto, tameva desanādhammaṃ
suvaṇṇabhājane pakkhittasīhavasā viya avinassantaṃ dhāretīti dhammadharo, tato eva
mahesino bhagavato dhammakosaṃ dhammaratanaṃ ārakkhatīti kosārakkho, yasmā sadevakassa
lokassa samadassanena cakkhubhūto, tasmā cakkhu sabbassa lokassa pūjaneyyo mānanīyoti,
bahussutabhāvena bahujanassa pūjanīyabhāvadassanatthaṃ nigamanavasena punapi "bahussuto"ti
vuttaṃ.
Evarūpaṃ kalyāṇamittaṃ labhitvāpi kārakasseva aparihāni, na akārakassāti.
Dassento "dhammārāmo"ti gāthamāha. Tattha nivāsanaṭṭhena samathavipassanādhammo
ārāmo, tasmiṃ eva dhamme rato abhiratoti dhammarato, tasseva dhammassa punappunaṃ
@Footnote: 1 Sī. vipassanākammaṃ
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page469.
Vicintanena dhammaṃ anuvicintayaṃ dhammaṃ āvajjento manasi karotīti attho.
Anussaranti tameva dhammaṃ anussaranto. Saddhammāti evarūpo bhikkhu sattatiṃsapabhedā
bodhipakkhi yadhammā navavidhalokuttaradhammā ca na parihāyati, na kadāci tassa tato parihāni
hotīti attho.
Athekadivasaṃ kāye avītarāgaṃ kusītaṃ hīnaviriyaṃ kosallāyātināmaṃ 1- bhikkhuṃ
saṃvejento "kāyamaccheragaruno"ti gāthamāha. Tattha kāyamaccheragarunoti kāyadaḷhībahulassa
kāye mamattassa ācariyupajjhāyānampi kāyena kattabbaṃ kiñci akatvā vicarantassa.
Hiyyamāneti attano kāye jīvite ca khaṇe khaṇe parihiyyamāne. Anuṭṭhaheti sīlādīnaṃ
paripūraṇavasena uṭṭhānaviriyaṃ na kareyya. Sarīrasukhagiddhassāti attano sarīrassa
sukhāpaneneva gedhaṃ āpannassa. Kuto samaṇaphāsutāti evarūpassa puggalassa
sāmaññavasena kuto sukhavihāro, phāsuvihāro na tassa vijjatīti attho.
Na pakkhantītiādikā āyasmato sāriputtassa dhammasenāpatino parinibbutabhāvaṃ
sutvā therena bhāvitā. 2- Tattha na pakkhanti disā sabbāti puratthimādibhedā sabbā
disā na pakkhayanti, disamūḷhoti attho. Dhammā na paṭibhanti manti pubbe
suṭṭhu paguṇāpi pariyattidhammā idāni sakkaccaṃ samannāhariyamānāpi mayhaṃ na
upaṭṭhahanti. Gate kalyāṇamittamhīti sadevakassa lokassa kalyāṇamittabhūte dhammasenā-
patimhi anupādisesanibbānaṃ gate. Andhakāraṃva khāyatīti sabbopāyaṃ loko andhakāro
viya upaṭṭhāti.
Abbhatītasahāyassāti apagatasahāyassa, kalyāṇamittarahitassāti attho.
Atītagatasatthunoti āyasmato 3- atīto hutvā nibbānagatasatthukassa, satthari
parinibbuteti attho. Yathā kāyagatā satīti kāyagatāsatibhāvanā takkarassa yathā
ekantahitāvahā, evaṃ
@Footnote: 1 Sī. kosallayāti 2 cha.Ma. bhāsitā 3 Ma. bhagavato
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page470.
Etādisaṃ anāthassa puggalassa ekantahitāvahaṃ aññaṃ mittaṃ nāma natthi, sanāthassa
aññāpi bhāvanā hitāvahā evāti adhippāyo.
Purāṇāti porāṇā, sāriputtādike kalyāṇamitte sandhāyavadati. Navehīti
navakehi. Na sameti meti mayhaṃ cittaṃ na samāgacchati, na te mama cittaṃ ārādhentīti
attho. Svajja ekova jhāyāmīti sohaṃ ajja vuḍḍhatarehi virahito ekova hutvā
jhāyāmi jhānapasuto homi. Vassupetoti vassakāle kulāvakaṃ upeto pakkhī viya.
"vāsupeto"tipi pāli, vāsaṃ upagatoti attho.
Dassanāya atikkanteti gāthā satthārā bhāsitā. Tassattho:- mama dassanāya
atikkante nānāvidhavidesapavāsikabahujane ānanda mama upasaṅkamanaṃ mā vāresi.
Kasmā? 1- te sotāro dhammassa, mamaṃ passantu, ayameva dassanāya samayoti.
Taṃ sutvā thero "dassanāya atikkante"ti aparaṃ gāthamāha. Imāya hi
gāthāya sambandhatthaṃ 2- purimagāthā idha nikkhittā. Teneva sacāhaṃ desantarato
āgatāgate tāvadeva dassetuṃ lacchāmīti etassa padassa atthasiddhiṃ dasseti.
Paṇṇavīsati vassānīti pañca gāthā attano aggupaṭṭhākabhāvaṃ dīpetuṃ vuttā.
Āraddhakammaṭṭhānabhāvena 3- hi satthu upaṭṭhānapasutabhavena ca therassa maggena
asamucchinnāpi kāmasaññādayo na uppajjiṃsu, kāyavacīmanokammāni ca sabbakālaṃ satthari
mettāpubbaṅgamāni mettānuparivattāni ahesuṃ. Tattha paṇṇavīsati vassānīti
pañcavīsati saṃvaccharāni. Sekhabhūtassa me satoti sekhabhūmiyaṃ sotāpattiphale ṭhitassa me sato.
Kāmasaññāti kāmasahagatā saññā na uppajji, ettha ca kāmasaññādianuppatti-
vacanena 4- attano āsayasuddhiṃ dasseti, "mettena kāyakammenā"tiādinā payogasuddhiṃ.
Tattha gandhakuṭiyaṃ paribhaṇḍakaraṇādinā satthu vattapaṭivattakaraṇena ca mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ
@Footnote: 1 Ma. tasmā 2 Ma. sambandhanatthaṃ 3 Ma. āraddhaupaṭṭhānassatibhāvena
@4 Sī. kāmasaññādianuppattivasena
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page471.
Veditabbaṃ, dhammadesanākālārocanādinā mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ, rahogatassa satthāraṃ uddissa
hitūpasaṃhāramanasikārena mettaṃ manokammaṃ. Ñāṇaṃ me udapajjathāti attano sekkhabhūmi-
pattimāha.
Ahaṃ sakaraṇīyomhīti satthu parinibbāne upaṭṭhite maṇḍalamāḷaṃ pavisitvā kapisīsaṃ
ālambitvā sokābhibhūtena vuttagāthā. Tattha sakaraṇīyomhīti dukkhaparijānanādinā
karaṇīyena sakaraṇīyo amhi. Appattamānasoti anadhigatārahatto. Satthu
ca parinibbānanti mayhaṃ satthu parinibbānañca upaṭṭhitaṃ. Yo amhaṃ anukampakoti
yo satthā mayhaṃ anuggāhako.
Tadāsi yaṃ bhiṃsanakanti gāthā satthu parinibbānakāle paṭhavīkampanadevadundubhi-
phalanādike 1- disvā sañjātasaṃvegena vuttagāthā.
Bahussutotiādikā tisso gāthā theraṃ pasaṃsantehi saṅgītikārehi ṭhapitā.
Tattha gatimantoti asadisāya ñāṇagatiyā samannāgato. Satimantotiparamena sati-
nepakkena samannāgato. Dhitimantoti asādhāraṇāya byañjanatthāvadhāraṇasamatthāya
dhitisampattiyā samannāgato. Ayaṃ hi thero ekapadeyeva ṭhatvā saṭṭhipadasahassāni
satthārā kathitaniyāmeneva gaṇhāti, gahitañca suvaṇṇabhājane pakkhittasīhavasā viya
sabbakālaṃ na vinassati, aviparītabyañjanāvadhāraṇasamatthāya satipubbaṅgamāya paññāya
atthāvadhāraṇasamatthāya paññāpubbaṅgamāya satiyā ca samannāgato. Tenāha bhagavā
"etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahussutānan"tiādiṃ. 2- Tathā cāha dhamma-
senāpati "āyasmā ānando atthakusalo"tiādiṃ. 3- Ratanākaroti saddhammaratanassa
ākarabhūto.
@Footnote: 1 Ma. duddarubhi.... 2 aṅ.ekaka. 20/219/25 etadaggavagga
@3 aṅ.pañcaka. 22/169/225 khippanisantisutta
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page472.
Pariciṇṇoti gāthā parinibbānakāle therena bhāsitā, sā vuttatthā eva.
Ānandattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
Paramatthadīpaniyā theragāthāsaṃvaṇṇanāya
tiṃsanipātassa atthavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
-----------------------
The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 33 page 453-472.
http://84000.org/tipitaka/pitaka_item/read_rm.php?B=33&A=10494&pagebreak=1
อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/pitaka_item/read_th.php?B=33&A=10494&pagebreak=1
อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=26&i=397
เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=26&A=8134
พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=26&A=8231
The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=26&A=8231
Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 26
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_26
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