AtthaPali Vol.48

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10. Sunnakathavannana [46] Idani lokuttarabalapariyosanaya balakathaya anantaram kathitaya lokuttarasunnatapariyosanaya suttantapubbangamaya sunnatakathaya ^1- apubbatthanu- vannana. Suttante tava athati vacanopadane nipato. Etena ayasmati- adivacanassa upadanam katam hoti. Khoti padapuranatthe nipato. Yena bhagava tenupasankamiti bhummatthe karanavacanam. Tasma yattha bhagava, tattha upasankamiti evamettha attho datthabbo. Yena va karanena bhagava devamanussehi upasankamitabbo, teneva karanena upasankamiti evamettha attho datthabbo. Kena ca karanena bhagava upasankamitabbo? nanappakaragunavisesadhigamadhippayena, saduphalupabhogadhippayena dijaganehi niccaphalitamaharukkho viya, tena karanena upasankamiti evamettha attho datthabbo. Upasankamiti ca gatoti vuttam hoti. Upasankamitvati upasankamana- pariyosanadipanam. Atha va evanca gato tato asannataram thanam bhagavato samipasankhatam gantvatipi vuttam hoti. Abhivadetvati pancapatitthitena vanditva. Idani yenatthena loke agga- puggalassa upatthanam agato, tam pucchitukamo dasanakhasamodhanasamujjalam anjalim sirasi patitthapetva ekamantam nisidi. Ekamantanti ca bhavanapumsakaniddeso "visamam candimasuriya pariharanti"ti ^2- adisu viya. Tasma yatha nisinno ekamantam nisinno hoti, tatha nisiditi evamettha attho datthabbo. Bhummatthe va etam upayogavacanam. Nisiditi nisajjam kappesi. Pandita hi devamanussa garutthaniyam upasankamitva asanakusalataya ekamantam nisidanti, ayanca thero tesam annataro, tasma ekamantam nisidi. @Footnote: ¹ i. sunnakathaya ² an.catukka. 21/70/85

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Katham nisinno pana ekamantam nisinno hotiti? cha nisajjadose vajjetva. Seyyathidam? atiduram accasannam uparivatam unnatappadesam atisammukham atipacchati. Atidure nisinno hi sace kathetukamo hoti, uccasaddena kathetabbam hoti. Accasanne nisinno sanghattanam karoti. Uparivate nisinno sariragandhena badhati. Unnatappadese nisinno agaravam pakaseti. Atisammukha nisinno sace datthukamo hoti, cakkhuna cakkhum ahacca datthabbam hoti. Atipaccha nisinno sace datthukamo hoti, givam pasaretva datthabbam hoti. Tasma ayampi ete cha nisajjadose vajjetva nisidi. Tena vuttam "ekamantam nisidi"ti. Etadavocati etam avoca. Sunno loko sunno lokoti bhante vuccatiti imasmim sasane patipannehi tehi tehi bhikkhuhi "sunno loko sunno loko"ti kathiyatiti attho. Tahim tahim tadisanam vacananam bahukatta tesam sabbesam sanganhanattham ameditavacanam katam. Evam hi vutte sabbani tani vacanani sangahitani honti. Kittavatati kittakena parimanena. Nuiti samsayatthe nipato. Sunnam attena va attaniyena vati "karako vedako sayamvasi"ti evam lokaparikappitena ^1- attana ca attabhavatoyeva attano santakena parikkharena ca sunnam. Sabbam cakkhadi lokiyam dhammajatam, tamyeva lujjanapalujjanatthena loko nama. Yasma ca atta ca ettha natthi, attaniyanca ettha natthi, tasma sunno lokoti vuccatiti attho. Lokuttaropi ca dhammo attattaniyehi sunno eva. Pucchanurupena pana lokiyova dhammo vutto. Sunnoti ca dhammo natthiti vuttam na hoti, tasmim dhamme attattaniyasarassa natthibhavo vutto hoti. Loke ca "sunnam gharam, sunno ghato"ti vutte gharassa ghatassa ca natthibhavo vutto na hoti, tasmim ghare ghate ca annassa natthibhavo vutto hoti. Bhagavata ca "iti yam hi kho tattha na hoti, tena tam sunnam samanupassati. @Footnote: ¹ i. loke parikappitena

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Yam pana tattha avasittham hoti. Tam santam idamatthiti pajanati"ti ayameva attho vutto. Tatha nayaganthe ca saddaganthe ca ayameva attho iti imasmim suttante anattalakkhanameva kathitam. [47] Suttantaniddese sunnasunnantiadini pancavisati matikapadani sunnasambandhena uddisitva tesam niddeso kato. Tattha matikaya tava sunnasankhatam sunnam, na annena upapadena visesitanti sunnasunnam. ^1- Asukanti anidditthatta cettha sunnattameva va apekkhitva napumsakavacanam katam. Evam sesesupi. Sankharoyeva ^2- sesasankharehi sunnoti sankharasunnam. Jarabhangavasena virupo parinamo viparinamo, tena viparinamena sunnam viparinamasunnam. Agganca tam attattaniyehi, sabba- sankharehi va sunnancati aggasunnam. Lakkhanameva sesalakkhanehi sunnanti lakkhanasunnam. Nekkhammadina vikkhambhanena sunnam vikkhambhanasunnam. Tadanga- sunnadisupi catusu eseva nayo. Ajjhattanca tam attattaniyadihi sunnancati ajjhattasunnam. Bahiddha ca tam attattaniyadihi sunnancati bahiddhasunnam. Tadubhayam attattaniyadihi sunnanti dubhatosunnam. Samano bhago etassati sabhagam, sabhaganca tam attattaniyadihi sunnancati sabhagasunnam, sadisasunnanti attho. Vigatam sabhagam visabhagam, visabhaganca tam attattaniyadihi sunnancati visabhagasunnam, visadisasunnanti attho. Kesuci potthakesu sabhagasunnam visabhagasunnam nissaranasunnanantaram likhitam. Nekkhammadiesana kamacchandadina sunnati esanasunnam. Pariggahasunnadisu tisupi eseva nayo. Ekarammane patitthitatta nanarammanavikkhepabhavato ekattanca tam nanattena sunnancati ekattasunnam. Tabbiparitena nanattanca tam ekattena sunnancati nanattasunnam. Nekkhammadikhanti kamacchandadina sunnati khantisunnam adhitathanasunne @Footnote: ¹ Si. sunnam sunnam ² Si. sankharayeva

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Pariyogahanasunne ca eseva nayo. Pariyogahanasunnantipi patho. Sampajanassati sampajannena samannagatassa parinibbayantassa arahato. Pavattapariyadananti anupadaparinibbanam. Sabbasunnatananti sabbasunnanam. Paramatthasunnanti sabbasankharabhavato uttamatthabhutam sunnam. [48] Matikaniddese niccena vati bhangam atikkamitva vattamanassa kassaci niccassa abhavato niccena ca sunnam. Dhuvena vati vijjamanakalepi paccayayattavuttitaya thirassa kassaci abhavato dhuvena ca sunnam. Sassatena vati abbocchinnassa sabbakale vijjamanassa kassaci abhavato sassatena ca sunnam. Aviparinamadhammena vati jarabhangavasena ^1- aviparinamapakatikassa kassaci abhavato aviparinamadhammena ca sunnam. Suttantena attasunnataya eva vuttayapi niccasunnatanca sukhasunnatanca dassetum idha niccena vatiadinipi vuttani. Aniccasseva hi pilayogena dukkhatta niccasunnataya vuttaya sukhasunnatapi vuttava hoti. Rupadayo panettha cha visaya, cakkhuvinnanadini cha vinnanani, cakkhusamphassadayo cha phassa, cakkhusamphassaja vedanadayo cha vedana ca sankhittati veditabbam. Punnabhisankharotiadisu punati attano karakam, pureti cassa ajjhasayam, pujjanca bhavam nibbattetiti punnam, abhisankharoti vipakam katattarupancati ^2- abhisankharo, punnam abhisankharo punnabhisankharo. Punnapatipakkhato apunnam abhisankharo apunnabhisankharo. Na injam anenjam, anenjam bhavam abhisankharotiti anenjabhisankharo. Punnabhisankharo danasilabhavanavasena pavatta attha kamavacarakusalacetana, bhavanavaseneva ca pavatta panca rupavacarakusalacetanati terasa @Footnote: ¹ Si. bhangavasena ² i. vipakakatattarupancati

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Cetana honti, apunnabhisankharo panatipatadivasena pavatta dvadasa akusalacetana, anenjabhisankharo bhavanavaseneva pavatta catasso arupavacaracetanati tayopi sankhara ekunattimsa cetana honti. Kayasankharotiadisu kayato va pavatto, kayassa va sankharoti kayasankharo. Vacisankharacittasankharesupi eseva nayo. Ayam tiko kammayuhanakkhane punnabhisankharadinam dvarato pavattidassanattham vutto. Kayavinnattim samutthapetva hi kayadvarato pavatta attha kamavacarakusalacetana, dvadasa akusalacetana, abhinnacetana cati ekavisati cetana kayasankharo nama, ta eva ca vacivinnattim samutthapetva vacidvarato pavatta vacisankharo nama, manodvare pavatta pana sabbapi ekunattimsa cetana cittasankharo nama. Atita sankharatiadisu sabbepi sankhatadhamma sakakkhanam patva niruddha atita sankhara, sakakkhanam appatta anagata sankhara, sakakkhanam patta paccuppanna sankharati. Viparinamasunane paccuppannam dassetva tassa tassa viparinamo sukhena vattum sakkati pathamam paccuppannadhamma dassita. Tattha jatam rupanti paccuppannam rupam. Sabhavena sunnanti ettha sayam bhavo sabhavo, sayameva uppadoti attho. Sato ^1- va bhavo sabhavo, attatoyeva uppaditoti attho. Paccayayattavuttitta paccayam vina sayameva bhavo, attato eva va bhavo etasmim natthiti sabhavena sunnam, sayameva bhavena, attato eva va bhavena sunnanti vuttam hoti. Atha va sakassa bhavo sabhavo. Pathavidhatuadisu hi anekesu ruparupadhammesu ekeko dhammo param upadaya sako nama. Bhavoti ca dhammapariyayavacanametam. Ekassa ca dhammassa anno bhavasankhato dhammo natthi, tasma sakassa annena bhavena sunnam, sako annena bhavena sunnoti attho. Tena ekassa dhammassa ekasabhavata @Footnote: ¹ Si. sako

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Vutta hoti. Atha va sabhavena sunnanti sunnasabhaveneva sunnam. Kim vuttam hoti? sunnasunnataya eva sunnam, na annahi pariyayasunnatahi sunnanti vuttam hoti. Sace pana keci vadeyyum "sako bhavo sabhavo, tena sabhavena sunnan"ti. Kim vuttam hoti? bhavoti dhammo, so param upadaya sapadena visesito sabhavo Nama hoti. Dhammassa kassaci avijjamanatta "jatam rupam sabhavena sunnan"ti rupassa avijjamanata vutta hotiti. Evam sati "jatam rupan"tivacanena virujjhati. Na hi uppadarahitam jatam nama hoti. Nibbanam hi uppadarahitam, tam jatam nama na hoti, jatijaramaranani ca uppadarahitani jatani nama na honti. Tenevettha "jata jati sabhavena sunna, jatam jaramaranam sabhavena sunnan"ti evam anuddharitva bhavameva avasanam katva niddittham. Yadi uppadarahitassapi "jatan"ti vacanam yujjeyya, "jata jati, jatam jaramaranan"ti vattabbam bhaveyya. Yasma uppadarahitesu jatijaramaranesu "jatan"ti vacanam na vuttam, tasma "sabhavena sunnam avijjamanan"ti vacanam avijjamanassa uppadarahitatta "jatan"ti vacanena virujjhati. Avijjamanassa ca "sunnan"ti vacanam hettha vuttena lokavacanena ca bhagavato vacanena ca nayasaddaganthavacanena ca virujjhati, anekahi ca yuttihi virujjhati, tasma tam vacanam kacavaramiva chadditabbam. "yam bhikkhave atthisammatam loke panditanam, ahampi tam atthiti vadami. Yam bhikkhave natthisammatam loke panditanam, ahampi tam natthiti vadami. Kinca bhikkhave atthisammatam loke panditanam, yamaham atthiti vadami. Rupam bhikkhave aniccam dukkham viparinamadhammam atthisammatam loke panditanam, ahampi tam atthiti vadami"ti ^1- adihi anekehi buddhavacanappamanehi anekahi ca yuttihi dhamma sakakkhane vijjamana evati nitthamettha gantabbam. @Footnote: ¹ sam.kha. 17/94/110

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Vigatam rupanti uppajjitva bhangam patva niruddham atitam rupam. Viparinatanceva sunnancati jarabhangavasena virupam viparinamam pattanca vattamanasseva viparinamasabbhavato atitassa viparinamabhavato tena viparinamena sunnancati attho. Jata vedanatiadisupi eseva nayo. Jatijaramaranam pana anipphannatta sakabhavena anupalabbhaniyato ^1- idha na yujjati, tasma "jata jati, jatam jaramaranan"tiadike dve naye pahaya bhavadikameva nayam pariyosanam katva thapitam. Agganti agge bhavam. Setthanti ativiya pasamsaniyam. Visitthanti ^2- atisayabhutam. Visetthantipi patho, tidhapi pasattham nibbanam sammapatipadaya patipajjitabbato padam nama. Yadidanti yam idam. Idani vattabbam nibbanam ^3- nidasseti. Yasma nibbanamagamma sabbasankharanam samatho hoti, khandhupadhikilesupadhiabhisankharupadhi- kamagunupadhisankhatanam upadhinam patinissaggo hoti, tanhanam khayo virago nirodho ca hoti, tasma sabbasankharasamatho sabbupadhipatinissaggo tanhakkhayo virago nirodhoti vuccati. Nibbananti sabhavalakkhanena nigamitam. Lakkhanesu hi "tinimani bhikkhave balassa balalakkhanani balanimittani balapadanani. Katamani tini, idha bhikkhave balo duccintitacinti ca hoti dubbhasitabhasi ca dukkatakammakari ca. Imani kho bhikkhave tini balassa balalakkhanani balanimittani balapadanani"ti vuttam. Panditehi balassa baloti sallakkhanato tividham balalakkhanam. "tinimani bhikkhave panditassa panditalakkhanani panditanimittani panditapadanani. Katamani tini, idha bhikkhave pandito sucintitacinti ca hoti subhasitabhasi ca sukatakammakari ca. Imani kho bhikkhave tini panditassa panditalakkhanani panditanimittani panditapadanani"ti ^4- vuttam. Panditehi panditassa panditoti sallakkhanato tividham panditalakkhanam. @Footnote: ¹ Si. alabbhaniyato ² Po. visiddhanti @³ i. vattabbanibbanam ⁴ an.tika. 20/3/97, Ma.u. 14/246/214

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"tinimani bhikkhave sankhatassa sankhatalakkhanani. Katamani tini, uppado pannayati, vayo pannayati, thitassa annathattam pannayati. Imani kho bhikkhave tini sankhatassa sankhatalakkhanani"ti ^1- vuttam. Uppado eva sankhatamiti lakkhananti sankhatalakkhanam. Evamitaradvayepi attho veditabbo. Imina uppadakkhane sesadvinnam, ^2- thitikkhane sesadvinnam, bhangakkhane ca sesadvinnam, abhavo dassito. Yam panettha peyyalamukhena jatiya ca jaramaranassa ca uppadadilakkhanam vuttam, tam viparinamasunnataya jatijaramaranani hitva bhavapariyosanasseva nayassa vacanena ca uppadadinam uppadadiavacanasamayena ca virujjhati. Lakkhanasote patitatta pana sotapatitam ^3- katva likhitanti veditabbam. Yatha ca abhidhamme ^4- ahetukavipakamanodhatu- manovinnanadhatunam sangahavare labbhamanampi jhanangam pancavinnanasote patitva gatanti na uddhatanti vuttam, evamidhapi sotapatitata veditabba. Atha va jatijaramaranavantanam sankharanam uppadadayo "jatijaramaranam aniccato"tiadisu ^5- viya tesam viya katva vuttanti veditabbam. Nekkhammena kamacchando vikkhambhito ceva sunno cati kamacchando nekkhammena vikkhambhito ceva nekkhammassa tattha abhavato teneva vikkhambhanasankhatena nekkhammena sunno ca. Evam sesesupi yojana katabba. Tadangappahanasamucchedap- pahanesupi cettha tadangavasena ca samucchedavasena ca pahinam durikatameva hotiti imina durikaranatthena vikkhambhanam vuttam. Nekkhammena kamacchando tadangasunnoti nekkhammena pahino kamacchando tena nekkhammasankhatena angena sunno. Atha va yo koci kamacchando nekkhammassa tattha ^6- abhavato nekkhammena tena angena sunno. Evam sesesupi yojana natabba. ^7- Tassa tassa angassa tattha tattha abhavamatteneva cettha upacarappanajhanavasena @Footnote: ¹ an.tika. 20/47/146 ² Si.i. sesam dvinnam ³ i. sotapatitam @⁴ abhi.san. 34/564/159 ⁵ khu.pati. 31/73/88 ⁶ i. tattha tattha ⁷ cha.Ma. katabba

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Ca vipassanavasena ca tadangasunnata niddittha. Pahanadipakassa vacanassa abhavena pana vivattananupassanamyeva pariyosanam katva vipassana niddittha, cattaro magga na niddittha. Nekkhammena kamacchando samucchinno ceva sunno catiadisu vikkhambhane vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. Tadangavikkhambhanavasena pahinanipi cettha samudacarabhavato samucchinnani nama hontiti imina pariyayena samucchedo vutto, tamtamsamucchedakiccasadhanavasena va maggasampayuttanekkhammadivasena vuttantipi veditabbam. Patippassaddhinissaranasunnesu ca idha vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. Tadangavikkhambhanasamucchedapahanesu panettha patippassaddhimattattam nissatamattanca ^1- gahetva vuttam. Pancasupi etesu sunnesu nekkhammadiniyeva vikkhambhanatadanga- samucchedapatippassaddhinissarananamena vuttani. Ajjhattanti ajjhattabhutam. Bahiddhati bahiddhabhutam. Dubhatosunnanti ubhayasunnam. Paccattadisupi hi toitivacanam hotiyeva. Cha ajjhattikayatanadini chaajjhattikayatanadinam bhavena sabhagani. Parehi visabhagani. Vinnanakayatiadisu cettha kayavacanena vinnanadiniyeva vuttani. Nekkhammesanadisu nekkhammadiniyeva tadatthikehi vinnuhi esiyantiti esana. Atha va pubbabhage nekkhammadinam esanapi kamacchandadihi sunna, kimpana nekkhammadinitipi vuttam hoti. Pariggahadisu nekkhammadiniyeve pubbabhage esitani aparabhage pariggayhantiti pariggahoti, pariggahitani pattivasena patilabbhantiti patilabhoti, patiladdhani nanavasena pativijjhiyantiti ^2- pativedhoti ca vuttani. Ekattasunnanca nanattasunnanca sakimyeva pucchitva ekattasunnam vissajjetva nanattasunnam avissajjetvava sakim nigamanam katam. Kasma na vissajjitanti ce? vuttapariyayenevettha yojana jhayatiti na vissajjitanti veditabbam. Ayam panettha yojana:- nekkhammam ekattam, kamacchando nanattam, kamacchando nanattam nekkhammekattena sunnanti. Evam sesesupi yojana veditabba. @Footnote: ¹ Si.i. patippassaddhimattatta nissatattamattanca ² Si. pativijjhissantiti

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Khantiadisu nekkhammadiniyeva khamanato ruccanato khantiti, rocitaniyeva pavisitva titthanato adhitthananti, pavisitva thitanam yatharucimeva sevanato pariyogahananti ca vuttani. Idha sampajanotiadiko paramatthasunnaniddeso parinibbananananiddese vannitoyeva. Imesu ca sabbesu sunnesu sankharasunnam viparinamasunnam lakkhanasunnanca yathavuttanam dhammanam annamannaasammissatadassanattham. Yattha pana akusalapakkhikanam kusalapakkhikena sunnata vutta, tena akusale adinavadassanattham. Yattha pana kusalapakkhikanam akusalapakkhikena sunnata vutta, tena kusale anisamsadassanattham. Yattha attattaniyadihi sunnata vutta, tam sabbasankharesu nibbidajananattham. Aggasunnam paramatthasunnanca nibbane ussahajananattham vuttanti veditabbam. Tesu aggasunnanca paramatthasunnancati dve sunnani atthato ekameva nibbanam aggaparamatthavasena saupadisesaanupadisesavasena ca dvidha katva vuttam. Tani dve attattaniyasunnato ^1- sankharasunnato ca sabhagani. "sunnasunnam ^2- ajjhattasunnam bahiddhasunnam dubhatosunnam sabhagasunnam visabhagasunnan"ti imani cha sunnani sunnasunnameva hoti. Ajjhattadibhedato pana chadha vuttani. Tani cha ca attattaniyadisunnato sabhagani. Sankharaviparinamalakkhanasunnani, vikkhambhanatadanga- samucchedapatippassaddhinissaranasunnani, esanapariggahapatilabhapativedhasunnani, ekattananattasunnani, khantiadhitthanapariyogahanasunnani cati sattarasasunnani attani avijjamanehi tehi tehi dhammehi sunnatta avijjamananam vasena visum visum vuttani. Sankharaviparinamalakkhanasunnani pana itarena itarena asammissavasena sabhagani, vikkhambhanadini panca kusalapakkhena sunnatta sabhagani, esanadini @Footnote: ¹ Si. attaniye sunnasunnato ² Si. sunnam sunnam

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Cattari, khantiadini ca tini akusalapakkhena sunnatta sabhagani, ekattananattasunnani annamannapatipakkhavasena sabhagani. Sabbe dhamme samasena tidha dvedha tathekadha sunnati sunnatthavidu vannayantidha sasane. Katham? sabbe dhamma ^1- tava lokiya dhamma dhuvasubhasukhaattavirahitatta dhuvasubha- sukhaattasunna. Maggaphaladhamma dhuvasukhattavirahitatta dhuvasukhattasunna. Aniccattayeva sukhena sunna. Anasavatta na subhena sunna. Nibbanadhammo attasseva abhavato attasunno. Lokiyalokuttara pana sabbepi sankhata dhamma sattassa kassaci abhavato sattasunna. Asankhato nibbanadhammo tesam sankharanampi abhavato sankharasunno. Sankhatasankhata pana sabbepi dhamma attasankhatassa puggalassa abhavato attasunnati. Saddhammappakasiniya patisambhidamaggatthakathaya sunnakathavannana nitthita. Yuganaddhavaggo nitthita ca majjhimavaggassa apubbatthanuvannana ----------------- @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. "dhamma"ti patho na dissati

The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 48 page 277-287. http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=48&A=6246&modeTY=2&pagebreak=1 อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=48&A=6246&modeTY=2&pagebreak=1 อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=31&i=633 เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=31&A=9514 พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=31&A=11059 The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=31&A=11059 Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 31 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_31