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12. Dvadasakanipata 378. 1. Silavattheragathavannana dvadasakanipate silamevatiadika ayasmato silavattherassa gatha. Ka uppatti? ayampi purimabuddhesu katadhikaro tattha tattha bhave vivattupanissayam kusalam upacinitva imasmim buddhuppade rajagahe bimbisararanno putto hutva nibbatti, silavatissa namam ahosi. Tam vayappattam raja ajatasattu maretukamo candam mattahatthim aropetva nanavidhehi upayehi upakkamantopi maretum nasakkhi pacchimabhavikassa arahattam apatva antara jivitantarayabhavato. Tassa pavattim 1- disva bhagava mahamoggallanattheram anapesi "silavakumaram anehi"ti. Thero iddhibalena saddhim hatthina tam 2- anesi. Kumaro hatthito oruyha bhagavantam abhivadetva ekamantam nisidi. Bhagava tassa ajjhasayanurupam dhammam desesi. So dhammam sutva patiladdhasaddho pabbajitva vipassanaya kammam karonto na cirasseva arahattam patva kosalaratthe vasati. Atha nam ajatasattu "maretha"ti purise anapesi. Te therassa santikam gantva thita therena kathitam dhammakatham sutva sanjatasamvega pasannacitta hutva pabbajimsu. Thero tesam:- [608] "silamevidha sikkhetha asmim loke susikkhitam silam hi sabbasampattim upanameti sevitam. [609] Silam rakkheyya medhavi patthayano tayo sukhe pasamsam vittilabhanca pecca sagge pamodanam. @Footnote: 1 Si. paripantham, i. patipattim 2 Si. iddhibalena hatthinagam, i. iddhibalena @saddhim hatthinagam--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page242.
[610] Silava hi bahu mitte sannamenadhigacchati dussilo pana mittehi dhamsate papamacaram. [611] Avannanca akittinca dussilo labhate naro vannam kittim pasamsanca sada labhati silava. [612] Adi silam patittha ca kalyanananca matukam pamukham sabbadhammanam tasma silam visodhaye. [613] Vela ca samvaram silam cittassa abhihasanam titthanca sabbabuddhanam tasma silam visodhaye. [614] Silam balam appatimam silam avudhamuttamam 1- silamabharanam settham silam kavacamabbhutam. 2- [615] Silam setu mahesakkho silam gandho anuttaro silam vilepanam settham yena vati disodisam. [616] Silam sambalamevaggam silam patheyyamuttamam silam settho ativaho yena yati disodisam. [617] Idheva nindam labhati peccapaye ca dummano sabbattha dummano balo silesu asamahito. [618] Idheva kittim labhati pecca sagge ca summano sabbattha sumano dhiro silesu susamahito. [619] Silameva idha aggam pannava pana uttamo manussesu ca devesu silapannanato jayanti imahi gathahi dhammam desesi. Tattha silamevidha sikkhetha, asmim loketi idhati nipatamattam, imasmim sattaloke atthakamo kulaputto carittavarittadibhedam adito silameva sikkheyya, sikkhanto @Footnote: 1 i. avudham uttamam 2 i. kavacam abbhutam--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page243.
Ca nam susikkhitam akhandadibhavapadanena sutthu sikkhitam suparisuddham paripunnanca katva sikkheyya. Asmim loketi va imasmim sankharaloke sikkhitabbadhammesu silam adito sikkheyya. Ditthisampattiyapi silassa patitthabhavato aha "silam hi"tiadi. Tattha hiti karanavacanam. Yasma silam sevitam paricitam rakkhitam manussasampatti dibba- sampatti nibbanasamapattiti 1- etam sabbasampattim tamsamangino sattassa upanameti avahati. Silam sabbasampattim upanametiti sankhepato vuttamattham vittharato dassento "silam rakkheyya"tiadimaha. Tattha rakkheyyati gopeyya. Panatipatadito hi viramanto vattapativattanca purento patipakkhabhibhavanato tam rakkhati nama. Medhaviti pannava, idam tassa rakkhanupayadassanam, nanabalena hissa samadanam avikopananca hoti. Patthayanoti icchanto. Tayo sukheti tini sukhani. Sukhanimittam va "sukhan"ti adhippetam. Pasamsanti kittim vinnuhi va pasamsanam. Vittilabhanti tutthilabham. "vittalabhan"ti ca pathanti, dhanalabhanti attho. Silava hi appamattataya mahantam bhogakkhandham adhigacchati. Peccati kalankatva. Sagge pamodananti devaloke itthehi kamagunehi modananca patthayamanoti sambandho. Idhaloke pasamsam vittilabham paraloke dibba- sampattiya modananca icchanto silam rakkheyyati yojana. Sannamenati kayadinam 2- samyamena. Samyato hi kayaduccaritadihi kanci avihethento abhayadanam dadanto piyamanapataya mittani ganthati. Dhamsateti apeti. Papamacaranti panatipatadipapakammam karonto. Dussilam hi puggalam atthakama satta na bhajanti, annadatthu parivajjenti. Avannanti agunam sammukha garaham va. Akittinti ayasam 3- asilokam. Vannanti gunam. Kittinti silokam patthatayasatam. Pasamsanti sammukha thomanam. @Footnote: 1 Si.,i. manussasampatti devasampatti brahmasampatti nibbanasampattiti, @Ma. manussasampattim dibbasampattim nibbanasampattinti @2 i.,Ma. kayadihi 3 Si.,i. ayasakyam--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page244.
Aditi mulam. Silam hi kusalanam dhammanam adi. Yathaha "tasmatiha tvam bhikkhu adimeva visodhehi kusalesu dhammesu. Ko cadi kusalanam dhammanam, silanca suvisuddhan"ti. 1- Patitthati adhitthanam. Silanhi sabbesam uttarimanussadhammanam patittha. Tenaha "sile patitthaya"tiadi. 2- Kalyanananca matukanti samathavipassana- dinam kalyanadhammanam matubhutam, janakanti attho. Pamukham sabbadhammananti sabbesam pamojjadinam anavajjadhammanam pamukham mukhabhutam, pavattidvaranti attho. Tasmati adibhavadito. Visodhayeti akkhandadibhavena sampadeyya. Velati duccaritehi anatikkamaniyatthena vela, simati attho. Velayati va dussilyam calayati 3- viddhamsetiti vela. Samvaram silam kayaduccaritadinam uppatti- dvarassa pidahanato. Abhihasananti tosanam avippatisarahetutaya cittassabhippamodanato. Titthanca sabbabuddhananti savakabuddha paccekabuddha sammasambuddhati sabbesam buddhanam kilesamalappavahane 4- nibbanamahasamuddavagahane ca titthabhutanca. Silam balam appatimanti marasenappamaddane asadisam balam senathamo ca. Avudha- muttamanti sankilesadhammanam chedane uttamam paharanam. Gunasariropasobhanatthena abharanam. Setthanti sabbakalam uttamam dabbanca. Sapanaparittanato 5- kavacamabbhutam. "abbhidan"ti ca pathanti, abhejjanti attho. Apayamahoghatikkamane samsaramahoghatikkamane ca kilesehi asamsidanatthena 6- setu. Mahesakkhoti mahabbalo. Gandho anuttaroti pativatam sabbadisasu vayanato anuttaro gandho sabbajanamanoharatta. Tenaha "yena vati disodisanti, yena silagandhena tamsamangi disodisam sabba disa vayati. Disodisatipi pali, dasa disati 7- attho. @Footnote: 1 sam.maha. 19/369/125 bhikkhusutta 2 sam.saga. 15/23,192/16,198 @jatasutta, (khu.netti. 10/197, khu.milinda. 11/33 (cha.Ma.) @3 Si.,i. velayati dussilyam veleti 4 Si. kilesamalappahanamaha, @i. kilesamalappavahanamaha,tena 5 Ma. uttamam. dubbacasarapata..... @6 Si.,i. asamhiratthena 7 Si. dasapi disatipi--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page245.
Sambalamevagganti sambalam nama putabhattam. Yatha putabhattam gahetva maggam gacchanto puriso antaramagge jighacchadukkhena na kilamati, evam silasampannopi suddham silasambalam gahetva samsarakantaram patipanno gatagatatthane na kilamatiti silam aggam sambalam nama, tatha silam patheyyamuttamam coradihi asadharanatta tattha tattha icchitabbasampattinipphadanato ca. Atikkamento tam tam thanam yathicchitatthanam va vaheti sampapetiti ativaho, yanam. Kenaci anupaddutam hutva icchitatthanap- pattihetutaya silam settham ativaho. Yenati yena ativahena yati disodisanti agatim gatincapi tam tam disam sukheneva gacchati. Idheva nindam labhatiti idhalokepi dummano ragadihi dusitacitto "dussilo papa- dhammo"ti nindam garaham labhati. Pecca paralokepi apaye "purisattakali avajata"ti- adina yamapurisadihi ca nindam labhati. Na kevalam nindameva labhati, athakho sabbattha dummano balo idhaloke duccaritacaranena dusitacitto paraloke kammakaranadivasena dukkhuppattiyati sabbattha balo dummano hoti. Katham? silesu asamahito samma silesu na thapitacitto appatitthitacitto. Idheva kittim labhatiti idhalokepi sumano "sappuriso silava kalyanadhammo"ti kittim labhati. Pecca paralokepi sagge "ayam sappuriso silava kalyanadhammo. Tatha hi devanam sahabyatam upapanno"tiadina kittim labhati. Na kevalam kittimeva labhati, athakho dhiro dhitisampanno silesu sutthu samahito appitacitto supatitthitacitto sabbattha idhaloke sucaritacaranena paraloke sampattipatilabhena sumano somanassappatto hoti. Silameva idha agganti duvidham silam lokiyam lokuttaranti. Tattha lokiyam tava kamaloke khattiyamahasaladisu devaloke brahmaloke ca upapattivisesam 1- avahati, labhibhavadikassa ca karanam hoti. Lokuttaram pana sakalampi vattadukkham atikkametiti silam aggameva. Tatha hi vuttam:- @Footnote: 1 Si.,i. uppattivisesam--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page246.
"hinena brahmacariyena khattiye upapajjati majjhimena ca devattam uttamena visujjhati"ti. 1- "akankheyya ce bhikkhave bhikkhu `labhi assam civarapindapatasenasanagilana- paccayabhesajjaparikkharanan"ti 2- "sile svevassa paripurakari"ti 3- "ijjhati bhikkhave silavato cetopanidhi visuddhatta"ti 4- ca. Lokuttarasilassa pana sabbaso pahinapatipakkhassa sattamabhavato 5- patthaya samsara- dukkham vinivattentassa aggabhave vattabbameva natthi. Pannava pana uttamoti "pannava pana uggalo uttamo paramo setthoyeva"ti puggaladhitthanena pannaya eva setthabhavam vadati. Idani silapannanam setthakabhavam kiccato dassento "sila- pannanato jayan"ti aha. Jayanti ca lingavippallaso datthabbo, ahuti va vacanaseso. Tattha pajananatthena pannanam, silato pannanato ca patipakkhajayo. Na hi silena vina panna sambhavati, pannaya ca vina silam kiccakaram, annamannopakarakam 6- cetam. Vuttanhi "silaparidhota panna, pannaparidhotam silan"ti. 7- Manussesu ca devesuti idam nesam thanavisesadassanam. Tattha hi tani savisesani vattanti, samadhi panettha silapakkhiko pannaya adhitthanabhavato pannapakkhiko va bhavetabbato siladhitthanato ca. Evam thero tesam bhikkhunam silamukhena dhammam desento attano suvisuddhasiladi- gunatadipanena annam byakasi. Silavattheragathavannana nitthita. @Footnote: 1 khu.ja. 27/1186/249 adittajataka (sya) 2 Ma.mu. 12/95/43 akankheyyasutta @3 Ma.mu. 12/65/43 ankankheyyasutta @4 di.pati. 11/337/228 sangitisutta, an.atthaka. 23/35/243 danupapattisutta @5 Si.,i. sasatam sambhavato 6 i. annamannapakaranam 7 di.Si. 9/317/123 silapannakathaThe Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 33 page 241-246. http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=33&A=5543&modeTY=2&pagebreak=1 อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=33&A=5543&modeTY=2&pagebreak=1 อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=26&i=378 เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=26&A=7120 พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=26&A=7268 The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=26&A=7268 Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 26 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_26
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