AtthaPali Vol.4

Āyatiṃ anuppādadhammataṃ āpajjanena khīṇā, taṃ so maggabhāvanāya pahīnakilese paccavekkhitvā "kilesābhāve vijjamānaṃpi kammaṃ āyatiṃ appaṭisandhikaṃva hotī"ti jānanto pajānāti. Vusitanti vuṭṭhaṃ parivuṭṭhaṃ. ^1- Brahmacariyanti maggabrahmacariyaṃ. Puthujjanakalyāṇakena hisaddhiṃ satta sekhā ^2- brahmacariyavāsaṃ vasanti nāma, khīṇāsavo vuṭṭhavāso. Tasmā so attano brahmacariyavāsaṃ paccavekkhanto "vusitaṃ brahmacariyan"ti pajānāti. Kataṃ karaṇīyanti catūsu saccesu catūhi maggehi pariññāpahānasacchikiriyābhāvanāvasena soḷasavidhaṃ kiccaṃ niṭṭhāpitaṃ. Tena tena maggena pahātabbakilesā pahīnā, dukkhamūlaṃ samucchinnanti attho. Puthujjanakalyāṇakādayo hi taṃ kiccaṃ karonti, khīṇāsavo katakaraṇīyo. Tasmā so attano karaṇīyaṃ paccavekkhanto "kataṃ me karaṇīyan"ti pajānāti. Nāparaṃ itthattāyāti idāni puna itthabhāvāya evaṃ soḷasakiccabhāvāya kilesakkhayabhāvāya vā kattabbaṃ maggabhāvanākiccaṃ me natthīti pajānāti. Athavā itthattāyāti itthabhāvato ^3- imasmā evaṃpakārā idāni vattamānakkhandhasantānā aparaṃ khandhasantānaṃ mayhaṃ natthi. Ime pana pañcakkhandhā pariññātā tiṭṭhanti chinnamūlakā rukkhā viya, te carimakacittanirodhena anupādāno viya jātavedo nibbāyissanti, apaṇṇattikabhāvaṃ ca gamissantīti pajānāti. [249] Pabbatasaṅkhepeti pabbatamatthake. Anāviloti nikkaddamo. Sippiyo ca sambukā ca sippisambukaṃ. Sakkharā cakathalā ^4- ca sakkharakathalaṃ. Macchānaṃ gumbā ghaṭāti macchagumbaṃ. Tiṭṭhantaṃpi carantaṃpīti ettha sakkharakathalaṃ tiṭṭhatiyeva, itarāni carantipi tiṭṭhantipi. Yathā pana antarantarā ṭhitāsupi nisinnāsupi vijjamānāsupi "etā gāvo carantī"ti carantiyo upādāya itarāpi carantīti vuccanti, evaṃ tiṭṭhantameva sakkharakathalamupādāya itaraṃpi dvayaṃ tiṭṭhantanti vuttaṃ. Itarañca dvayaṃ carantaṃ upādāya sakkharakathalaṃpi carantanti vuttaṃ. Tattha cakkhumato purisassa tīre ṭhatvā passato sippisambukādīnaṃ vibhūtakālo viya @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. vutthaṃ parivutthaṃ ² cha.Ma. sekkhā ³ Sī. itthambhāvato @⁴ cha.Ma. kathalāni, Sī. kaṭhalāni Āsavānaṃ khayāya cittaṃ abhinīharitvā nisinnassa bhikkhuno catunnaṃ saccānaṃ vibhūtakālo daṭṭhabboti. Ettāvatā ^1- vipassanāñāṇaṃ, manomayañāṇaṃ, iddhividhañāṇaṃ, dibbasotañāṇaṃ, cetopariyañāṇaṃ, pubbenivāsañāṇaṃ, dibbacakkhuvasena nipphannaṃ anāgataṃsañāṇa- yathākammupagañāṇadvayaṃ, dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ, āsavakkhayañāṇanti dasa ñāṇāni niddiṭṭhāni honti. Tesaṃ ārammaṇavibhāgo jānitabbo:- tattha vipassanāñāṇaṃ parittamahaggataatītānāgatapaccuppannaajjhattabahiddhāvasena sattavidhārammaṇaṃ. Manomayañāṇaṃ nimmitarūpāyatanamattameva ārammaṇaṃ karotīti parittapaccuppannabahiddhārammaṇaṃ. Āsavakkhayañāṇaṃ appamāṇabahiddhāavattabbārammaṇaṃ. ^2- Avasesānaṃ ārammaṇabhedo visuddhimagge vutto. Uttaritaraṃ vā paṇītataraṃ vāti yena kenaci pariyāyena ito seṭṭhataraṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ nāma natthīti bhagavā arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi. Ajātasattuupāsakattapaṭivedanākathā [250] Rājā tattha tattha sādhukāraṃ pavattento ādimajjhapariyosānaṃ sakkaccaṃ sutvā "ciraṃ vatamhi ime pañhe puthusamaṇabrāhmaṇe pucchanto, thuse koṭṭento viya kiñci sāraṃ nālatthaṃ, aho vata bhagavato guṇasampadā, yo me dīpasahassaṃ jālento viya mahantaṃ ālokaṃ katvā ime pañhe vissajjesi. Suciraṃ vatamhi dasabalassa guṇānukāvaṃ ajānanto vañcito"ti cintetvā buddha- guṇānussarasambhūtāya pañcavidhāya pītiyā phuṭṭhasarīro attano pasādaṃ āvikaronto upāsakattaṃ paṭivedesi. Taṃ dassetuṃ "evaṃ vutte rājā"tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha abhikkantaṃ bhanteti ayaṃ abhikkantasaddo khayasundarābhirūpaabbhanumodanesu dissati. "abhikkantā bhante ratti, nikkhanto paṭhamo yāmo, ciranisinno bhikkhusaṃgho"ti ^3- ādīsu hi khaye dissati. "ayaṃ me puggalo khamati, imesaṃ catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro cā"tiādīsu ^4- sundare. @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. ettavatā ² cha.Ma....navattabbārammaṇaṃ @³ vinaYu. cūḷa. 7/383/204, aṅ. aṭṭhaka, 23/20/207 (syā), khu. udāna. 25/45/164 @⁴ aṅ. catukka 21/100/113 "ko me vandti pādāni iddhiyā yasasā jalaṃ abhikkantena vaṇṇena sabbā obhāsayaṃ disā"ti ^1- ādīsu abhirūpe. "abhikkantaṃ bho gotamā"tiādīsu ^2- abbhanumodane. Idhāpi abbhanumodaneyeva. Yasmā ca abbhanumodane, tasmā sādhu sādhu bhanteti vuttaṃ hotīti veditabbo. Bhaye kodhe pasaṃsāyaṃ turite kotūhalacchare hāse soke pasāde ca kare āmeṇḍitaṃ budhoti iminā ca lakkhaṇena idha pasādavasena pasaṃsāvasena cāyaṃ dvikkhattuṃ vuttoti veditabbo. Athavā akikkantanti abhikkantaṃ atiiṭṭhaṃ atimanāpaṃ, atisundaranti vuttaṃ hoti. Ettha ekena abhikkantasaddena desanaṃ thometi, ekena attano pasādaṃ. Ayaṃ hettha adhippāyo:- abhikkantaṃ bhante yadidaṃ bhagavato dhammadesanā, abhikkantaṃ yadidaṃ bhagavato dhammadesanaṃ āgamma mama pasādoti. Bhagavatoyeva vā vacanaṃ dve dve atthe sandhāya thometi. Bhagavato vacanaṃ abhikkantaṃ dosanāsanato, abhikkantaṃ guṇādhigamanato. Tathā saddhājananato paññājananato, sātthato sabyañjanato, uttānapadato gambhīratthato, kaṇṇasukhato hadayaṅgamato, anattukakaṃsanato aparavambhanato, karuṇāsītalato paññāvadātato, āpātharamaṇīyato vimaddakkhamato, suyyamānasukhato, vīmaṃsiyamānahitatoti evamādīhi yojetabbaṃ. Tato paraṃpi catūhi upamāhi desanaṃyeva thometi. Tattha nikkujjitanti adhomukhaṭhapitaṃ, heṭṭhāmukhajātaṃ vā. Ukkujjeyyāti upari mukhaṃ kareyya. Paṭicchannanti tiṇapaṇṇādicchāditaṃ. Vivareyyāti ugghāteyya. Mūḷhassa vāti disāmūḷhassa. Maggaṃ ācikkheyyāti hatthe gahetvā "esa maggo"ti vadeyya. Andhakāreti kāḷapakkhacātuddasīaḍḍharattaghanavanasaṇḍameghapaṭalehi caturaṅgatame, ayaṃ tāva anuttānapadattho. Ayaṃ pana adhippāyayojanā:- yathā koci nikkujjitaṃ ukkujjeyya, evaṃ saddhammavimukhaṃ assaddhamme patitaṃ maṃ assaddhammā vuṭṭhāpentena, yathā paṭicchannaṃ vivareyya, evaṃ kassapassa bhagavato sāsanantaradhānā pabhūti micchādiṭṭhiggahanapaṭicchannaṃ @Footnote: ¹ khu. vimāna. 26/857/87 maṇḍūkadevaputtavimāna @² vinaYu. mahāvi. 1/15/7 verañjakaṇḍa, aṅ. aṭṭhaka. 23/101/181 mahāvagga: varañjasutta Sāsanaṃ vivarantena, yathā mūḷahassa maggaṃ ācikkheyya, evaṃ kummaggamicchāmagga- paṭipannassa ^1- me saggamokkhamaggaṃ āvikarontena, yathā andhakāre telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya, evaṃ mohandhakāranimuggassa me buddhādiratanarūpāni apassato tappaṭicchādakamohandhakāraviddhaṃsakadesanāpajjotadhārakena mayhaṃ bhagavatā etehi pariyāyehi pakāsitattā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Evaṃ desanaṃ thometvā imāya desanāya ratanattaye pasannacitto pasannākāraṃ karonto "esāhan"tiādimāha. Tattha esāhanti eso ahaṃ. Bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmīti bhagavā me saraṇaṃ parāyanaṃ aghassa ghātā, hitassa ca vidhātāti iminā adhippāyena bhagavantaṃ gacchāmi bhajāmi sevāmi payirupāsāmi, evaṃ vā jānāmi bujjhāmīti. Yesaṃ hi dhātūnaṃ gati attho, buddhipi tesaṃ attho. Tasmā "gacchāmī"ti imassa jānāmi bujjhāmīti ayamevattho ^2- vutto. Dhammañca bhikkhusaṃghañcāti ettha pana adhigatamagge sacchikatanirodhe yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāne ca catūsu apāyesu apatamāne dhāretīti dhammo, so atthato ariyamaggo ceva nibbānaṃ ca. Vuttañhetaṃ "yāvatā bhikkhave dhammā saṅkhatā, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo tesaṃ aggamakkhāyatī"ti ^3- vitthāro. Na kevalañca ariyamaggo ceva nibbānañca. Apica kho ariyaphalehi saddhiṃ pariyattidhammopi. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ chattamāṇavakavimāne:- "rāgavirāgamanejamasokaṃ dhammamasaṅkhatamappaṭikūlaṃ madhuramimaṃ paguṇaṃ suvibhattaṃ dhammamimaṃ saraṇatthamupehī"ti. ^4- Ettha hi rāgavirāgoti maggo kathito. Anejamasokanti phalaṃ. Dhammamasaṅkhatanti nibbānaṃ. Appaṭikūlaṃ madhuramimaṃ paguṇaṃ suvibhattanti piṭakattayena vibhattasabbadhammakkhandhāti. ^5- Diṭṭhisīlasaṅghātena saṃhatoti saṃgho. So atthato aṭṭhaariyapuggalasamūho. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ tasmiṃyeva vimāne:- @Footnote: ¹ ka. kummaggaṃ paṭipannassa ² cha.Ma. ayampi attho @³ aṅ. catukka. 21/34/39, khu. iti. 25/90/308 ⁴ khu. vimāna 26/887/91 @⁵ cha.Ma. vibhattā dhammakkhandhāti "yattha ca dinnaṃ mahapphalamāhu catūsu sucīsu purisayugesu aṭṭha ca puggaladhammadasā te saṃghamimaṃ saraṇatthamupehī"ti. ^1- Bhikkhūnaṃ saṃgho bhikkhusaṃgho. Ettāvatā rājā tīṇi saraṇagamanāni paṭivedesi. Saraṇagamanakathā idāni tesu saraṇagamanesu kosallatthaṃ saraṇaṃ, saraṇagamanaṃ, yo ca saraṇaṃ gacchati, saraṇagamanappabhedo, saraṇagamanaphalaṃ, saṅkileso, bhedoti ayaṃ vidhi veditabbo. Seyyathīdaṃ? saraṇatthato ^2- tāva hiṃsatīti saraṇaṃ. Saraṇagatānaṃ teneva saraṇagamanena bhayaṃ santāsaṃ dukkhaṃ duggatiparikilesaṃ hanati hiṃsati ^3- vināsetīti attho, ratanattayassevetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Athavā:- hite pavattanena ahitā ca nivattanena sattānaṃ bhayaṃ hiṃsati buddho, bhavakantārā uttāraṇena assāsadānena ca dhammo, appakānaṃpi kārānaṃ vipulaphalapaṭilābhakaraṇena saṃgho. Tasmā imināpi pariyāyena ratanattayaṃ saraṇaṃ. Tappasādataggarutāhi vihatakileso tapparāyanatākārappavatto cittuppādo saraṇagamanaṃ. Taṃsamaṅgīsatto saraṇaṃ gacchati. Vuttappakārena cittuppādena etāni me tīṇi ratanāni saraṇaṃ, etāni parāyananti evaṃ upetīti attho. Evaṃ tāva saraṇaṃ, saraṇagamanaṃ, yo ca saraṇaṃ gacchati, idaṃ tayaṃ veditabbaṃ. Saraṇagamanappabhede pana duvidhaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ:- lokuttaraṃ lokiyañca. Tattha lokuttaraṃ diṭṭhasaccānaṃ maggakkhaṇe saraṇagamanupakilesasamucchedena ārammaṇato nibbānārammaṇaṃ hutvā kiccato sakalepi ratanattaye ijjhati. Lokiyaṃ puthujjanānaṃ saraṇagamanupakilesavikkhambhanena ārammaṇato buddhādiguṇārammaṇaṃ hutvā ijjhati. Taṃ atthato buddhādīsu vatthūsu saddhāpaṭilābho, saddhāmūlikā ca sammādiṭṭhi dasasu puññakiriyavatthūsu diṭṭhujukammanti ^4- vuccati. @Footnote: ¹ khu, vimāna. 26/888/92 ² ka. padatthato @³ cha.Ma., i. hiṃsatīti padaṃ na dissati ⁴ cha.Ma. diṭṭhajukammanti Tayidaṃ catudhā vattati 1-:- attasanniyyātanena tapparāyanatāya, sissabhāvupagamanena pāṇipātenāti. ^2- Tattha attasanniyyātanaṃ nāma "ajjādiṃ katvā ahaṃ attānaṃ buddhassa niyyādemi, dhammassa, saṃghassā"ti evaṃ buddhādīnaṃ attapariccajanaṃ. Tapparāyanatā nāma "ajjādiṃ katvā `ahaṃ buddhaparāyano, dhammaparāyano, saṃghaparāyano'ti maṃ dhārethā"ti evaṃ tapparāyanabhāvo. Sissabhāvupagamanannāma "ajjādiṃ katvā `ahaṃ buddhassa antevāsiko, dhammassa, saṃghassā'ti maṃ dhārethā"ti evaṃ sissabhāvupagamo. Pāṇipāto ^3- nāma "ajjādiṃ katvā `ahaṃ abhivādanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ añjalīkammasāmīcikammaṃ buddhādīnaṃyeva tiṇṇaṃvatthūnaṃ karomī'ti maṃ dhārethā"ti evaṃ buddhādīsu paramanihaccakāro. Imesaṃ hi catunnaṃ ākārānaṃ aññataraṃpi karontena gahitaṃyeva hoti saraṇaṃ. Apica bhagavato attānaṃ pariccajāmi, dhammassa, saṃghassa attānaṃ pariccajāmi. Jīvitaṃ pariccajāmi, pariccattoyeva me attā, pariccattaṃyeva me jīvitaṃ, jīvitapariyantikaṃ buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, buddho me saraṇaṃ leṇaṃ tāṇanti evaṃpi attasanniyyātanaṃ veditabbaṃ. "satthārañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ bhagavantameva passeyyaṃ. Sugatañca vatāhaṃpasseyyaṃ bhagavantameva passeyyaṃ, sammāsambuddhañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ bhagavantameva passeyyan"ti ^4- evaṃpi mahākassapassa saraṇagamanaṃ ^5- viya sissabhāvupagamanaṃ veditabbaṃ. "so ahaṃ vicarissāmi gāmā gāmaṃ purā puraṃ namassamāno sambuddhaṃ dhammassa ca sudhammatan"ti ^6- evaṃpi āḷavakādīnaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ viya tapparāyanatā veditabbā. "athakho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavato pādāni mukhena ca paricumbati, pāṇīhi caparisambāhati, nāmañca sāveti `brahmāyu ahaṃ bho gotama brāhmaṇo, brahmāyu ahaṃ bho gotama brāhmaṇo"ti ^7- evaṃpi pāṇipāto daṭṭhabbo. @Footnote: ¹ ka. pavattati ² cha.Ma. paṇipātenāti ³ cha.Ma. paṇipāto @⁴ saṃ. nidāna. 16/154/110 ⁵ Sī.,Ma. saraṇagamane @⁶ khu.su. 25/194/371, saṃ. sagā, 15/246/259 ⁷ Ma.Ma. 13/394/377 So panesa ñātibhayācirayadakkhiṇeyyavasena catubbidho hoti. Tattha dakkhiṇeyyapāṇipātena saraṇagamanaṃ hoti, na itarehi. Seṭṭhavaseneva hi saraṇaṃ gaṇhāti, seṭṭhavasena ca bhijjati. Tasmā yo sākiyo vā koliyo vā "buddho amhākaṃ ñātako"ti vandati, aggahitameva hoti saraṇaṃ. Yo vā "samaṇo gotamo rājapūjito mahānubhāvo avandiyamāno anatthaṃpi kareyyā"ti bhayena vandati, aggahitameva hoti saraṇaṃ. Yo vā ^1- bodhisattakāle bhagavatosantike kiñci uggahitaṃ saramāno, buddhakāle vā "catudhā vibhaje bhoge paṇḍito gharamāvasaṃ ekena bhogaṃ bhuñjeyya dvīhi kammaṃ payojaye catutthañca nidhāpeyya, āpadāsu bhavissatī"ti ^2- evarūpaṃ anusāsaniṃ uggahetvā "ācariyo me"ti vandati, aggahitameva hoti saraṇaṃ. Yo pana "ayaṃ loke aggadakkhiṇeyyo"ti vandati, teneva gahitaṃ hoti saraṇaṃ. Evaṃ gahitasaraṇassa ca upāsakassa vā upāsikāya vā aññatitthiyesu pabbajitaṃpi ñātiṃ "ñātako me ayan"ti vandato saraṇagamanaṃ nabhijjati, pageva apabbajitaṃ. Tathā rājānaṃ bhayavasena vandato. So hi raṭṭhapūjitattā avandiyamāno anatthaṃpi kareyyāti. Tathā yaṃ kiñci sippaṃ sikkhāpakaṃ titthiyaṃpi "ācariyo me ayan"ti vandatopi na bhijjati, evaṃ saraṇagamanappabhedo veditabbo. Ettha ca lokuttarassa saraṇagamanassa cattāri sāmaññaphalāni vipākaphalaṃ, sabbadukkhakkhayo ānisaṃsaphalaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ "yo ca buddhañca dhammañca saṃghañca saraṇaṃ gato cattāri ariyasaccāni sammappaññāya passati. Dukkhaṃ dukkhasamuppādaṃ dukkhassa ca atikkamaṃ ariyañcaṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ dukkhū pasamagāminaṃ. Etaṃ kho saraṇaṃ khemaṃ etaṃ saraṇamuttamaṃ etaṃ saraṇamāgamma sabbadukkhā pamuccatī"ti ^3- @Footnote: ¹ Sī., Ma. yopi ² dī. pāṭi. 11/265/163 ³ khu. dhamMa. 25/190/192 Apica niccādito ^1- anupagamanādivasenapetassa ānisaṃsaphalaṃ veditabbaṃ. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ "aṭṭhānametaṃ anavakāso, yaṃ diṭṭhisampanno puggalo kañci saṅkhāraṃ niccato upagaccheyya .pe. Kañci saṅkhāraṃ sukhato .pe. Kañci dhammaṃ attato upagaccheyya .pe. Mātaraṃ jīvitā voropeyya .pe. Pitaraṃ. Arahantaṃ. Paduṭṭhacitto tathāgatassa lohitaṃ uppādeyya .pe. Saṃghaṃ bhindeyya .pe. Aññaṃ satthāraṃ uddiseyya, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī"ti. ^2- Lokiyassa pana saraṇagamanassa bhavasampadāpi bhogasampadāpi phalameva. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ:- "yekeci buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gatāse na te gamissanti apāyabhūmiṃ pahāya mānusaṃ dehaṃ devakāyaṃ paripūressantī"ti. ^3- Aparaṃpi vuttaṃ "athakho sakko devānamindo asītiyā devatāsahassehi saddhiṃ yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami .pe. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggalāno etadavoca "sādhu kho devānaminda buddhasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Buddhasaraṇagamanahetu kho devānaminda evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjantī'ti te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhiggaṇhanti:- dibbena āyunā, dibbena vaṇṇena, dibbena sukhena, dibbena yasena, dibbena adhipateyayena, dibbehi rūpehi, saddehi gandhehi rasehi phoṭṭhabbehī"ti. ^4- Esa nayo dhamme ca saṃghe ca. Apica velāmasuttādivasenāpi ^5- saraṇagamanassa phalaviseso vedibbo. Evaṃ saraṇagamanaphalaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tattha ca lokiyasaraṇagamanaṃ tīsu vatthūsu aññāṇasaṃsayamicchāñāṇādīhi saṃkilissati, na hamājutikaṃ hoti na mahāvipphāraṃ. Lokuttarassa natthi saṃkileso. Lokiyassa ca saraṇagamanassa duvidho bhedo sāvajjo ca anavajjo ca. Tattha sāvajjo aññasatthārādīsu attasanniyyātanādīhi hoti, so ca aniṭṭhaphalo. @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. aniccato ² Ma. upari. 14/127/114, abhi. vibhaṅga. 35/809/409 @³ saṃ. sagā. 15/37/30 ⁴ saṃ. saḷā. 18/530/337(syā) ⁵ aṅ. navaka. 23/224/406 Anavajjo kālakiriyāya hoti, so avipākattā aphalo. Lokuttarassa pana nevatthi bhedo, bhavantarepi hi ariyasāvako aññaṃ satthāraṃ na uddisatīti. Evaṃ saraṇagamanassa saṃkileso ca bhedo ca veditabbo upāsakaṃ maṃ bhante bhagavā dhāretūti maṃ bhagavā "upāsako ayan"ti evaṃ dhāretu, jānātūti attho. Upāsakavidhikathā upāsakavidhikosallatthaṃ panettha ko upāsako, kasmā upāsakoti vuccati, kimassa sīlaṃ, ko ājīvo, kā vipatti, kā sampattīti idaṃ pakiṇṇakaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tattha ko upāsakoti yo koci saraṇagato gahaṭṭho. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ "yato kho mahānāma buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, dhammaṃ saṃghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti. Ettāvatā kho mahānāma upāsako hotī"ti ^1- kasmā upāsakoti ratanattayaṃ ^2- upāsanato. So hi buddhaṃ upāsatīti upāsako. Tathā dhammaṃ saṃghaṃ. Kimassa sīlanti pañca veramaṇiyo. Yathāha "yato kho mahānāma upāsako pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā, kāmesumicchācārā, musāvādā, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. Ettāvatā kho mahānāma upāsako sīlavā hotī"ti. ^3- Ko ājīvoti pañca micchāvaṇijjā pahāya dhammena samena jīvikakappanaṃ. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ "pañcimā bhikkhave vaṇijjā upāsakena akaraṇīyā. Katamā pañca? satthavaṇijjā sattavaṇijjā maṃsavaṇijjā majjavaṇijjā. Imākho bhikkhave pañca vaṇijjā upāsakena akaraṇīyā"ti. ^4- Kā vipattīti yā tasseva sīlassa ca ājīvassa ca vipatti, ayamassa vipatti. Apica yāya esa caṇḍālo ceva hoti malañca paṭikiṭṭho ^5- ca, sāpissa vipattīti veditabbā. Te ca atthato assaddhiyādayo pañca dhammā honti. Yathāha @Footnote: ¹ aṅ. aṭṭhaka. 23/115/223 (sayā.), saṃ. mahā. 19/1033/343 mahānāmasutta @² cha.Ma. ratanattayassa ³ aṅ. aṭṭhaka. 23/115/223 (sayā.) saṃ. mahā. 19/1033/343 @⁴ aṅ. pañcaka. 22/177/232 (sayā.) ⁵ cha.Ma. patikiṭṭho Ma. patikuṭṭho "pañcahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato upāsako upāsakacaṇḍālo ca hoti upāsakamalañca upāsakapaṭikiṭṭho ca. Katamehi pañcahi? assaddho hoti, dussīlo hoti, kotuhalamaṅgaliko hoti, maṅgalaṃ pacceti, no kammaṃ, ito ca bahiddhā dakkhiṇeyyaṃ pariyesati, tattha ca pubbakāraṃ karotī"ti. ^1- Kā sampattīti sampatti. Yā cassa sīlasampadā ceva ājīvasampadā ca, sā sampatti ye cassa ratanabhāvādikarā saddhādayo pañca dhammā. Yathāha "pañcahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato upāsako upāsakaratanañca hoti upāsakapadumañca upāsakapuṇḍarikañca. Katamehi pañcahi? saddho hoti, sīlavā hoti, na kotuhalamaṅgaliko hoti, kammaṃ pacceti, no maṅgalaṃ, na ito bahiddhā dakkhiṇeyyaṃ gavesati, idha ca pubbakāraṃ karotī"ti. ^2- Ajjataggeti etthāyaṃ aggasaddo ādikoṭikoṭṭhāsaseṭṭhesu dissati. "ajjatagge samma dovārika āvarāmi dvāraṃ nigaṇṭhānaṃ nigaṇṭhīnan"ti ^3- ādīsu ādimhi dissati. "teneva aṅgulaggena taṃ aṅgulaggaṃ parāmaseyya. ^4- Ucchaggaṃ veḷaggan"ti ādīsu koṭiyaṃ. "ambilaggaṃ vā madhuraggaṃ vā tittakaggaṃ vā. ^5- Anujānāmi bhikkhave vihāraggena vā pariveṇaggena vā bhājetun"ti ^6- ādīsu koṭṭhāse. "yāvatā bhikkhave sattā apadā vā .pe. Tathāgato tesaṃ aggamakkhāyatī"ti ^7- ādīsu seṭṭhe. Idha panāyaṃ ādimhi daṭṭhabbo. Tasmā ajjaggeti ajjataṃ ādiṃ katvāti evamettha attho veditabbo. Ajjatanti ajjabhāvaṃ. Ajjadaggeti vā pāṭho, dakāro padasandhikaro. Ajja aggaṃ katvāti attho. ^8- Pāṇupetanti pāṇehi upetaṃ yāva me jīvitaṃ pavattati, tāva upetaṃ anaññasatthukaṃ tīhi saraṇagamanehi saraṇagataṃ upāsakaṃ kappiyakārakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu @Footnote: ¹ aṅ. pañcaka. 22/175/230 ² A. pañcaka. 22/175/230 @³ Ma.Ma. 13/70/47 upālivādasutta ⁴ abhi. kathā. 37/1073/343 @⁵ saṃ. mahā. 19/374/131 sūdasutta ⁶ vi. cūḷa. 7/318/89 @⁷ aṅ. catukka. 21/34/39, saṃ. mahā. 19/139/39, khu. iti. 25/90/308 @ aggappasādasutta ⁸ Ma. ajja agganti attho. Jānātu. Ahaṃ hi sacepi me tikhiṇena asinā sīsaṃ chindeyya, neva buddhaṃ "na buddho"ti vā, dhammaṃ "na dhammo"ti vā, saṃghaṃ "na saṃgho"ti vā vadeyyanti. Evaṃ attasanniyyātanena saraṇaṃ gantvā attanā kataṃ aparādhaṃ pakāsento "accayo maṃ bhante"ti ādimāha. Tattha accayoti aparādho. Maṃ accagamāti maṃ atikkamma abhibhavitvā pavatto. Dhammikaṃ dhammarājānanti ettha dhammaṃ caratīti dhammiko. Dhammeneva rājā jāto, na pitughātanādinā adhammenāti dhammarājā. Jīvitā voro pesinti jīvitā viyojesiṃ. Paṭiggaṇhātūti khamatu. Āyatiṃ saṃvarāyāti anāgate saṃvaratthāya. Puna evarūpassa aparādhassa dosassa khalitassa akaraṇatthāya. [251] Tagghāti ekaṃse nipāto. Yathādhammaṃ paṭikarosīti yathā dhammo ṭhito, tatheva karosi, khamāpesīti vuttaṃ hoti. Tante mayaṃ paṭiggaṇhāmāti taṃ tava aparādhaṃ mayaṃ khamāma. Vuḍḍhi hesā mahārāja ariyassa vinayeti esā mahārāja ariyassa vinaye buddhassa bhagavato sāsane vuḍḍhi nāma. Katamā? yāyaṃ accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikaritvā āyatiṃ saṃvarāpajjanā, desanaṃ pana puggalādhiṭṭhānaṃ karonto "yo accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikaroti, āyatiṃ saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī"ti āha. [252] Evaṃ vutteti evaṃ bhagavatā vutte. Handa cadāni mayaṃ bhanteti ettha handāti vavassaggatthe ^1- nipāto. So hi gamanavacasāyaṃ ^2- katvā evamāha. Bahukiccāti balavakiccā. Bahukaraṇīyāti tasseva vevacanaṃ. Yassadāni tvanti yassa idāni tvaṃ mahārāja gamanassa kālaṃ maññasi jānāsi, tassa kālaṃ tvameva jānāsīti vuttaṃ hoti. Padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmīti tikkhattuṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā dasanakhasamodhānasamujjalaṃ añjaliṃ sirasi patiṭṭhapetvā yāva dassanavisayā ^3- bhagavato abhimukhova paṭikkamitvā dassanavijahanaṭṭhānabhūmiyaṃ pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā pakkāmi. @Footnote: ¹ ka. vacasāyatthe ² Sī. gamanavavassāyaṃ ³ cha.Ma. dassanavisayaṃ [253] Khatāyaṃ bhikkhave rājāti khato ayaṃ bhikkhave rājā. Upahatāyanti upahato ayaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti:- ayaṃ bhikkhave rājā khato upahato bhinnapatiṭṭho jāto, tathānena attanāva attā khato, yathā attanova patiṭṭhā na jātoti. Virajanti rāgarajādivirahitaṃ. Rāgamalādīnaṃyeva vigatattā vītamalaṃ. Dhammacakkhunti dhammesu vā cakkhuṃ, aññesu ṭhānesu tiṇṇaṃ maggānaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Idha pana sotāpattimaggasseva. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti:- sace iminā pitā ghātito nābhavissa, idāni idhevāsane nisinno sotāpattimaggaṃ patto abhavissa, pāpamittasaṃsaggena panassa antarāyo jāto. Evaṃ santepi, yasmā ayaṃ tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamitvā ratanattayaṃ saraṇaṃ gato tasmā mama ca sāsanassa mahantatāya yathā nāma koci kassaci vadhaṃ katvā pupphamuṭṭhimattena daṇḍena mucceyya, evameva lohakumbhiyaṃ nibbattitvā tiṃsavassasahassāni adho papatanto heṭṭhimatalaṃ patvā tiṃsavassasahassāni uddhaṃ gacchanto punapi uparimatalaṃ pāpuṇitvā muccissatīti idaṃpi kira bhagavatā vuttameva, pāliyaṃ pana na āruḷahaṃ. Idaṃ pana suttaṃ sutvā raññā koci ānisaṃso laddhoti? mahānisaṃso Laddho. Ayaṃ hi pitu māritakālato paṭṭhāya neva rattiṃ na divāniddaṃ labhati, satthāraṃ pana upasaṅkamitvā imāya madhurāya ojavantiyā dhammadesanāya sutakālato paṭṭhāya niddaṃ upeti. ^1- Tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ mahāsakkāraṃ akāsi. Pothujjanikāya saddhāya samannāgato nāma iminā raññā sadiso nāhosi. Anāgate pana jīvitaviseso ^2- nāma paccekabuddho hutvā parinibbāyissatīti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti. Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāya sāmaññaphalasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. ----------------- @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. labhi, Ma. labhati ² cha.Ma. vijitāvī, i. viditaviseso

The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 4 page 203-214. http://84000.org/tipitaka/pitaka_item/read_rm.php?B=4&A=5327 อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/pitaka_item/read_th.php?B=4&A=5327 อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=9&i=91 เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=9&A=1072 พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=9&A=1199 The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=9&A=1199 Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 9 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_9