AtthaPali Vol.28

6. Parābhavasuttavaṇṇanā evamme sutanti parābhavasuttaṃ. Kā uppatti? maṅgalasuttaṃ kira sutvā devānaṃ etadahosi "bhagavatā maṅgalasutte sattānaṃ vuḍḍhiñca sotthiñca @Footnote: ¹ Sī.,ka. kiṃkāraṇaṃ ² i. itaraṃ samaṇattayaṃ suddhaṃ samaṇattayameva parisuddhakāyasamācāra- @ tādīhi, cha.Ma. itaraṃ samaṇattayaṃ, suddhaṃ samaṇattayamevaṃ aparisuddhakāyasamācāratādīhi Kathayamānena ekaṃsena bhavo eva kathito, no parābhavo, handa dāni yena sattā parihāyanti vinassanti, taṃ nesaṃ parābhavampi pucchāmā"ti. Atha maṅgalasuttakathitadivasato dutiyadivase dasasahassacakkavāḷesu devatāyo parābhavasuttaṃ sotukāmā imasmiṃ ekacakkavāḷe sannipatitvā ekavālaggakoṭiokāsamatte dasapi vīsampi tiṃsampi cattālīsampi paññāsampi saṭṭhipi sattatipi asītipi sukhumattabhāvaṃ ^1- nimminitvā sabbadevamārabrahmāno siriyā ca tejena ca adhigayha virocamānaṃ paññattapavarabuddhāsane ^2- nisinnaṃ bhagavantaṃ parivāretvā aṭṭhaṃsu. Tato sakkena devānamindena āṇatto aññataro devaputto bhagavantaṃ parābhavapañhaṃ pucchi, atha bhagavā pucchāvasena imaṃ suttaṃ abhāsi. Tattha "evamme sutan"tiādi ^3- āyasmatā ānandena vuttaṃ, "parābhavantaṃ purisan"tiādinā nayena ekantarikā gāthā devaputtena vuttā, "suvijāno bhavaṃ hotī"tiādinā nayena ekantarikā eva avasānagāthā ca bhagavatā vuttā, tadetaṃ sabbampi samodhānetvā "parābhavasuttan"ti vuccati. Tattha "evamme sutan"tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ sabbaṃ maṅgalasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ vakkhāma. [91] Parābhavantaṃ purisantiādīsu pana parābhavantanti parihāyantaṃ vinassantaṃ. Purisanti yaṃ kiñci sattaṃ jantuṃ. Mayaṃ pucchāma gotamanti ^4- sesadevehi saddhiṃ attānaṃ dassetvā ^5- okāsaṃ karonto ^6- so devaputto gottena bhagavantaṃ ālapati. Bhagavantaṃ puṭṭhumāgammāti ^7- mayaṃ hi bhagavantaṃ pucchissāmāti tato tato cakkavāḷā āgatāti attho. Etena ādaraṃ dasseti. Kiṃ parābhavato mukhanti evaṃ āgatānaṃ amhākaṃ brūhi parābhavato purisassa kiṃ mukhaṃ kiṃ dvāraṃ kā yoni kiṃ kāraṇaṃ, @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. sukhumattabhāve ² cha.Ma. paññattavara...evamuparipi @³ ka. ādikaṃ ⁴ cha.Ma. gotamāti ⁵ cha.Ma. nidassetvā @⁶ cha.Ma. kārento ⁷ cha.Ma. bhavantaṃ puṭṭhumāgamhāti Yena mayaṃ parābhavantaṃ purisaṃ jāneyyāmāti attho. Etena "parābhavantaṃ purisan"ti ettha vuttassa parābhavato purisassa parābhavakāraṇaṃ pucchati. Parābhavakāraṇe hi ñāte tena kāraṇasāmaññena sakkā yo koci parābhavapuriso jānitunti. [92] Athassa bhagavā suṭṭhu pākaṭīkaraṇatthaṃ paṭipakkhaṃ dassetvā puggalādhiṭṭhānāya desanāya parābhavamukhaṃ dīpento āha "suvijāno bhavan"ti. Tassattho:- yvāyaṃ bhavaṃ vaḍḍhanto aparihāyanto puriso, so suvijāno hoti, sukhena akasirena akicchena sakkā vijānituṃ. Yo cāyaṃ ^1- parābhavatīti parābhavo, parihāyati vinassati, yassa tumhe taṃ ^2- parābhavato purisassa mukhaṃ maṃ pucchatha, sopi suvijāno. Kathaṃ? ayaṃ hi dhammakāmo bhavaṃ hoti dasakusalakammapathadhammaṃ kāmeti piheti pattheti suṇāti paṭipajjati, so taṃ paṭipattiṃ disvā sutvā ca jānitabbato suvijāno hoti. Itaropi dhammadessī parābhavo, tameva dhammaṃ dessati na kāmeti na piheti na pattheti na suṇāti na paṭipajji, so etaṃ ^3- vippaṭipattiṃ disvā sutvā ca jānitabbato suvijāno hotīti. Evamettha bhagavā paṭipakkhaṃ dassento atthato dhammakāmataṃ bhavato mukhaṃ dassetvā dhammadessitaṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ dassetīti veditabbaṃ. [93] Atha sā devatā bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandamānā āha "iti hetan"ti. Tassattho:- iti hi yathā vutto bhagavatā, tatheva ^4- etaṃ vijānāma gaṇhāma dhārema, paṭhamo so parābhavo so dhammadessitalakkhaṇo ^5- paṭhamo parābhavo. Yāni mayaṃ parābhavamukhāni vijānituṃ āgatamha, ^6- tesu idaṃ tāva ekaṃ parābhavato @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. yopāyaṃ ² cha.Ma. ayaṃ pāṭho na dissati ³ cha.Ma. taṃ @⁴ Ma. iti yathāvuttadhammadessitameva ⁵ cha.Ma....dessitā... ⁶ cha.Ma. āgatamhā Mukhanti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha viggaho:- parābhavanti etenāti parābhavo. Kena ca parābhavanti? yaṃ pana ^1- parābhavato mukhaṃ kāraṇaṃ, tena. Byañjanamattena eva hi ettha nānākaraṇaṃ, atthato pana parābhavoti vā parābhavato mukhanti vā nānākaraṇaṃ natthi. Evametaṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ vijānāmāti abhinanditvā tato paraṃ ñātukāmā mayanti āha ^2- "dutiyaṃ bhagavā brūhi, kiṃ parābhavato mukhan"ti. Ito parañca tatiyaṃ catutthantiādīsupi iminā eva nayena attho veditabbo. [94] Byākaraṇapakkhepi ca yasmā te te sattā tehi tehi ^3- parābhavamukhehi samannāgatā, na ekoyeva sabbehi, na ca sabbe ekeneva, ^4- tasmā tesaṃ tesaṃ tāni tāni parābhavamukhāni dassetuṃ "asantassa piyā hontī"ti- ādinā nayena puggalādhiṭṭhānāya eva desanāya nānāvidhāni parābhavamukhāni byākāsīti veditabbā. ^5- Tatthāyaṃ ^6- saṅkhepato atthavaṇṇanā:- asanto nāma cha satthāro, ye vā panaññepi avūpasantena kāyavacīmanokammena samannāgatā, te asanto assa piyā honti sunakkhattādīnaṃ acelakakorakkhattiyādayo viya. Santo nāma buddhapaccekabuddhasāvakā, ye vā panaññepi vūpasantena kāyavacīmanokammena samannāgatā, te sante na kurute piyaṃ, attano piye iṭṭhe kante manāpe na kuruteti attho. Veneyyavasena hettha vacanabhedo katoti veditabbo. Atha vā sante na kurute iti sante na sevatīti attho yathā "rājānaṃ sevatī"ti. Etasmiṃ hi atthe rājānaṃ piyaṃ kuruteti ^7- saddavidū vaṇṇenti. ^8- Piyanti piyamāno @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. ca-saddo na dissati ² cha.Ma. ñātukāmatāyāha @³ Ma. yehi yehi ⁴ Ma. na ekoyeva na ca dve, atha kho anekā @⁵ ka. veditabbo ⁶ cha.Ma. tatrāyaṃ ⁷ Sī. pakuruteti @⁸ cha.Ma. mantenti Tussamāno modamānoti attho. Asataṃ dhammo nāma dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatāni, dasākusalakammapathā vā. Taṃ asataṃ dhammaṃ roceti piheti pattheti sevati. Evametāya gāthāya asantapiyatā santaappiyatā asataṃ dhammarocanañca ^1- tividhaṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ vuttaṃ. Etena hi samannāgato puriso parābhavati parihāyati, neva idha na huraṃ vuḍḍhiṃ pāpuṇāti, tasmā "parābhavato mukhan"ti vuccati. Vitthāraṃ panettha "asevanā ca bālānaṃ, paṇḍitānañca sevanā"ti gāthāvaṇṇanāyaṃ vakkhāma. [96] Niddāsīlī nāma yo gacchantopi nisīdantopi tiṭṭhantopi sayānopi niddāyati eva. Sabhāsīlī nāma saṅgaṇikārāmataṃ bhassārāmatamanuyutto. Anuṭṭhātāti vīriyatejavirahito uṭṭhānasīlo na hoti, aññehi codiyamāno gahaṭṭho vā samāno gahaṭṭhakammaṃ, pabbajito vā pabbajitakammaṃ na ārabhati. Alasoti jātialaso, accantābhibhūto thinena ṭhitaṭṭhāne ṭhito eva hoti, nisinno ^2- nisinnaṭṭhāne nisinno eva hoti, attano ussāhena aññaṃ iriyāpathaṃ na kappeti. Atīte araññe aggimhi dāpite ^3- apalāyanaalasā cettha nidassanaṃ. Ayamettha ukkaṭṭhaparicchedo tato lāmakaparicchedenāpi pana alaso alasotveva veditabbo. Dhajova rathassa, dhūmova aggino, kodho paññāṇamassāti kodhapaññāṇo. Dosacarito khippakodho ^4- arukūpamacitto puggalo evarūpo hoti. Imāya gāthāya niddāsīlatā sabhāsīlatā anuṭṭhānasīlatā ^5- alasatā kodhapaññāṇatāti pañcavidhaṃ parābhavamukhaṃ vuttaṃ. Etena hi samannāgato neva gahaṭṭho gahaṭṭhavuḍḍhiṃ, na pabbajito pabbajitavuḍḍhiṃ pāpuṇāti, aññadatthu parihāyatiyeva parābhavatiyeva, tasmā "parābhavato mukhan"ti vuccati. @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. asaddhammarocanañcāti ² cha.Ma. ayaṃ pāṭho na dissati @³ cha.Ma. uṭṭhite ⁴ cha.Ma. khippakopi ⁵ cha.Ma. anuṭṭhānatā [98] Mātāti janikā veditabbā. Pītāti janakoyeva. Jiṇṇakaṃ sarīrasithilatāya. Gatayobbanaṃ yobbanātikkamena āsītikaṃ vā nāvutikaṃ vā sayaṃ kammāni kātumasamatthaṃ. Pahusantoti samattho samiddho ^1- sukhaṃ jīvamāno. Na bharatīti na poseti. Imāya gāthāya mātāpitūnaṃ abharaṇaṃ aposanaṃ anupaṭṭhānaṃ ekaṃyeva parābhavamukhaṃ vuttaṃ. Etena hi samannāgato yaṃ taṃ:- "tāya naṃ pāricariyāya mātāpitūsu paṇḍitā idheva naṃ pasaṃsanti pecca sagge pamodatī"ti ^2- mātāpitubharaṇe ānisaṃsaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ na pāpuṇāti, aññadatthu "mātāpitaropi na bharati, kaṃ aññaṃ bharissatī"ti nindañca vajjanīyatañca duggatiñca pāpuṇanto parābhavatiyeva, tasmā "parābhavato mukhan"ti vuccati. [100] Pāpānaṃ bāhitattā brāhmaṇaṃ, samitattā samaṇaṃ. Brāhmaṇakulappabhavampi vā brāhmaṇaṃ, pabbajjūpagataṃ samaṇaṃ, tato aññaṃ vāpī yaṃ kiñci yācanakaṃ. Musāvādena vañcetīti "vada bhante paccayenā"ti pavāretvā yācito vā paṭijānitvā pacchā appadānena tassa taṃ visaṃvādeti. ^3- Imāya gāthāya brāhmaṇādīnaṃ musāvādena vañcanaṃ ekameva parābhavamukhaṃ vuttaṃ. Etena hi samannāgato idha nindaṃ, samparāye duggatiṃ sugatiyampi adhippāyavipattiñca pāpuṇāti. Vuttañhetaṃ:- "dussīlassa sīlavipannassa pāpako kittisaddo abbhuggacchatī"ti. ^4- Tathā:- "catūhi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye, katamehi catūhi, musāvādī hotī"tiādi. ^5- @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. samāno ² aṅ.catukka. 21/63/80 ³ cha.Ma. taṃ āsaṃ visaṃvādeti @⁴ vi.mahā. 5/245/61, dī.mahā. 10/149/77, aṅ.pañcaka. 22/213/281 @⁵ aṅ.catukka. 21/82/94 Tathā:- "idha sāriputta ekacco samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā pavāreti `vada bhante paccayenā'ti, so yena pavāreti, taṃ na deti. So ce tato cuto itthattaṃ āgacchati, so yaññadeva ^1- vaṇijjaṃ payojeti sāssa hoti chedagāminī. Idha pana sāriputta .pe. So yena pavāreti, na taṃ yathādhippāyaṃ deti, so ce tato cuto itthattaṃ āgacchati, so yaññadeva vaṇijjaṃ payojeti, sāssa na hoti yathādhippāyā"ti. ^2- Evamimāni nindādīni pāpuṇanto parābhavatiyeva, tasmā "parābhavato mukhan"ti vuttaṃ. [102] Pahūtavittoti pahūtajātarūparajatamaṇiratano. Sahiraññoti sakahāpaṇo. Sabhojanoti anekasūpabyañjanabhojanasampanno. Eko bhuñjati sādūnīti sādūni ^3- bhojanāni attano puttānampi adatvā paṭicchannokāse bhuñjatīti eko bhuñjati sādūni. ^4- Imāya gāthāya bhojane giddhatāya bhojanamacchariyaṃ ekaṃyeva parābhavamukhaṃ vuttaṃ. Etena hi samannāgato nindaṃ vajjanīyaṃ duggatinti evamādīni pāpuṇanto parābhavatiyeva, tasmā "parābhavato mukhan"ti vuttaṃ. Vuttanayeneva ca sabbaṃ suttānusārena yojetabbaṃ, ativitthārabhayena pana idāni yojanānaṃ nayaṃ adassetvā atthamattameva bhaṇāma. [104] Jātitthaddho nāma yo "ahaṃ jātisampanno"ti mānaṃ janetvā tena thaddho vātapūritabhastā viya uddhumāto hutvā na kassaci onamati. Esa @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. yaṃ yadeva ² aṅ.catukka. 21/79/92 @³ ka. sādhūni ⁴ ka. sādhūni bhuñjati Nayo dhanagottatthaddhesu. Saññātimatimaññetīti attano ñātimpi jātiyā atimaññati sakyā viya viḍūḍabhaṃ. Dhanenāpi ca "kapaṇo ayaṃ daliddo"ti atimaññati, sāmīcimattampi na karoti, tassa te ñātayo parābhavameva icchanti. Imāya gāthāya vatthuto catubbidhaṃ lakkhaṇato ekameva parābhavamukhaṃ vuttaṃ. [106] Itthidhuttoti itthīsu sāratto, yaṃ kiñci atthi, taṃ sabbampi datvā aparāparaṃ itthiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Tathā sabbampi attano santakaṃ nikkhipitvā surāpānappayutto surādhutto. Nivatthasāṭakampi nikkhipitvā jūtakīḷanamanuyutto akkhadhuttoti. ^1- Etehi tīhi ṭhānehi yaṃ kiñcipi laddhaṃ hoti, tassa vināsanato ^2- laddhaṃ laddhaṃ vināsetīti veditabbo. Yo ^3- evaṃvidho so ^4- parābhavatiyeva. Tenassetaṃ imāya gāthāya tividhaṃ parābhavamukhaṃ vuttaṃ. [108] Sehi dārehīti attano dārehi. Yo attano dārehi asantuṭṭho hutvā vesiyāsu padussati, tathā paradāresu, so yasmā vesīnaṃ dhanuppadānena ^5- ca paradārasevanena ca rājadaṇḍādīhi ca parābhavatiyeva, tenassetaṃ imāya gāthāya duvidhaṃ parābhavamukhaṃ vuttaṃ. [110] Atītayobbanoti yobbanamaticca āsītiko vā nāvutiko vā hutvā āneti pariggaṇhāti. Timbarutthaninti timbaruphalasadisatthaniṃ taruṇadārikaṃ. Tassā issā na supatīti "daharāya nāma mahallakena saddhiṃ rati ca saṃvāso ca amanāpo, mā heva kho taruṇaṃ pattheyyā"ti ^6- issāya taṃ rakkhanto na supati. Yasmā kāmarāgena ca issāya ca dayhanto bahiddhā kammante ca appayojento parābhavatiyeva, tenassetaṃ imāya gāthāya issāya ^7- asupanaṃ ekaṃyeva parābhavamukhaṃ vuttaṃ. @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. akkhadhutto ² Ma. vināsanattā @3-4 cha.Ma. imā pāṭhā na paññāyanti ⁵ cha.Ma. dhanappadānena @⁶ ka. paṭṭheyyāti ⁷ cha.Ma. imaṃ issāya [112] Soṇḍinti macchamaṃsādīsu ^1- lolaṃ gedhajātaṃ. ^2- Vikiraṇinti tesaṃ atthāya dhanaṃ paṃsukaṃ viya vikiritvā nāsanasīlaṃ. Purisaṃ vāpi tādisanti puriso vāpi yo evarūpo hoti, yo taṃ issariyasmiṃ ṭhāpeti, ^3- lañchanamuddikādīni datvā gharāvāse vā kammante vā vaṇijjādivohāresu vā byāpāraṃ kāreti, ^4- so yasmā tassa dosena dhanakkhayaṃ pāpuṇanto parābhavatiyeva, tenassetaṃ imāya gāthāya tathāvidhassa issariyasmiṃ ṭhāpanaṃ ^5- ekaṃyeva parābhavamukhaṃ vuttaṃ. [114] Appabhogo nāma sannicitānañca bhogānaṃ āyamukhassa ca bhagavato. Mahātaṇhoti mahatiyā bhogataṇhāya samannāgato, yaṃ laddhaṃ, tena asantuṭṭho. Khattiye jāyate kuleti khattiyānaṃ kule jāyati. So ca rajjaṃ patthayatīti ^6- so etāya rajjaṃ patthayanakāmatāya ^7- mahātaṇhatāya anupāyena uppaṭipāṭiyā attano dāyajjabhūtaṃ alabbhaneyyaṃ vā parasantakaṃ vā rajjaṃ pattheti, so evaṃ patthento ^8- yasmā tampi appakaṃ bhogaṃ yodhādīnaṃ ^9- datvā rajjaṃ apāpuṇanto parābhavatiyeva, tenassetaṃ imāya gāthāya rajjapatthanaṃ ekaṃyeva parābhavamukhaṃ vuttaṃ. [115] Ito paraṃ yadi sā devatā "terasamaṃ bhagavā brūhi .pe. Satasahassimaṃ bhagavā brūhī"ti puccheyya, tampi ^10- bhagavā katheyya. Yasmā pana sā devatā "kiṃ imehi pucchitehi, ekamettha vuḍḍhikaraṃ natthī"ti tāni parābhavamukhāni asuyyamānā ^11- ettakampi pucchitvā vippaṭisārī hutvā tuṇhī ahosi, tasmā bhagavā tassā ajjhāsayaṃ ^12- viditvā desanaṃ samāpento ^13- imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi "ete parābhave loke"ti. @Footnote: ¹ ka. macchamaṃsamajjādīsu ² cha.Ma. gedhajātikaṃ ³ cha.Ma. ṭhapeti @⁴ Sī. sabyāpāraṃ karoti, cha.Ma. tadeva vāvaṭaṃ kāreti ⁵ cha.Ma. ṭhapanaṃ @⁶ ka. paṭṭhayatīti ⁷ cha.Ma. rajjaṃ patthayanakāmatāya-iti na paññāyanti @⁸ ka. paṭṭhento ⁹ cha.Ma. yodhājīvādīnaṃ ¹⁰ ka. tepi @¹¹ Sī. asukhāyamānā ¹² cha.Ma. tassāsayaṃ ¹³ cha.Ma. niṭṭhāpento Tattha paṇḍitoti parivīmaṃsāya samannāgato. Samavekkhiyāti paññācakkhunā upaparikkhitvā. ^1- Ariyoti na maggena na phalena, apica kho pana etasmiṃ parābhavasaṅkhāte anaye na iriyatīti ariyo. Yena dassanena yāya paññāya ca ^2- parābhave disvā vivajjeti, tena sampannattā dassanasampanno. Sa lokaṃ bhajate sivanti so evarūpo sivaṃ khemamuttamaṃ anupaddavaṃ devalokaṃ bhajati allīyati, upagacchatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Desanāpariyosāne parābhavamukhāni sutvā uppannasaṃvegānurūpaṃ yoniso padahitvā sotāpattisakadāgāmianāgāmiphalāni pattā devatā gaṇanapathaṃ ^3- vītivattā. Yathāha:- "mahāsamayasutte ca atho maṅgalasuttake samacitte rāhulovāde dhammacakke parābhave. Devatāsamitī tattha appameyyā asaṅkhiyā ^4- dhammābhisamayo cettha gaṇanāto asaṅkhiyo"ti. ^5- Paramatthajotikāya khuddakaṭṭhakathāya suttanipātavaṇṇanāya parābhavasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 28 page 169-178. http://84000.org/tipitaka/pitaka_item/read_rm.php?B=28&A=4071 อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/pitaka_item/read_th.php?B=28&A=4071 อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=25&i=303 เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=25&A=7218 พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=25&A=7168 The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=25&A=7168 Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 25 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_25