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Sammodanīyaṃ, anussariyamānasukhato sāraṇīyaṃ, tathā byañjanaparisuddhatāya sammodanīyaṃ,
atthaparisuddhatāya sāraṇīyanti evaṃ anekehi pariyāyehi sammodanīyaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ kathaṃ
vītisāretvā pariyosāpetvā niṭṭhapetvā yenatthena āgato, taṃ pucchitukāmo
ekamantaṃ nisīdi.
Ekamantanti bhāvanapuṃsakaniddeso "visamaṃ candimasuriyā parivattantī"tiādīsu 1-
viya. Tasmā yathā nisinno ekamante 2- nisinno hoti, tathā nisīdīti evamettha attho
daṭṭhabbo. Bhummatthe vā etaṃ upayogavacanaṃ. Nisīdīti upāvisi. Paṇḍitā hi
purisā garuṭṭhāniyaṃ upasaṅkamitvā āsanakusalatāya ekamantaṃ nisīdanti. Ayaṃ ca nesaṃ
aññataro, tasmā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.
Kathaṃ nisinno pana ekamantaṃ nisinno hotīti? cha nisajjadose vajjetvā.
Seyyathīdaṃ? atidūraṃ accāsannaṃ uparivātaṃ unnatappadesaṃ atisammukhaṃ atipacchāti.
Atidūre nisinno hi sace kathetukāmo hoti, uccāsaddena kathetabbaṃ hoti. Accāsanne
nisinno saṅghaṭṭanaṃ karoti. Uparivāte nisinno sarīragandhena bādhati. Unnatappadese
nisinno agāravaṃ pakāseti. Atisammukhā nisinno sace daṭṭhukāmo hoti, cakkhunā
cakkhuṃ āhacca daṭṭhabbaṃ hoti. Atipacchā nisinno sace daṭṭhukāmo hoti, gīvaṃ
pasāretvā daṭṭhabbaṃ hoti. Tasmā ayaṃpi ete cha nisajjadose vajjetvā nisīdi.
Tena vuttaṃ "ekamantaṃ nisīdī"ti.
Etadavocāti duvidhā hi pucchā agārikapucchā ca anagārikapucchā ca. Tattha
"kiṃ bhante kusalaṃ kiṃ akusalan"ti 3- iminā nayena agārikapucchā āgatā. "ime
nu kho bhante pañcupādānakkhandhā"ti 4- iminā nayena anagārikapucchā. Ayaṃ pana
attano anurūpaṃ agārikapucchaṃ 5- pucchanto etaṃ "ko nu kho bho gotama hetu
@Footnote: 1 aṅ.catukka. 21/70/85 adhammikasutta 2 cha.Ma. ekamantaṃ
@3 Ma.u. 14/296/267 cūḷakammavibhaṅgasutta
@4 Ma.u. 14/86/67 mahāpuṇṇamasutta 5 Ma. agāriyaṃ
Ko paccayo"tiādivacanaṃ avoca. Tattha hetu paccayoti 1- ubhayametaṃ 2- kāraṇavevacanameva.
Adhammacariyāvisamacariyāhetūti adhammacariyāsaṅkhātāya visamacariyāya hetu, taṃkāraṇā
tappaccayāti attho. Tatrāyaṃ padattho:- adhammassa cariyā adhammacariyā, adhammakaraṇanti
attho. Visamā 3- cariyā, visamassa vā kammassa cariyāti visamacariyā. Adhammacariyā
ca sā visamacariyā cāti adhammacariyāvisamacariyā. Etenupāyena sukkapakkhepi attho
veditabbo. Atthato panettha adhammacariyāvisamacariyā nāma dasa akusalakammapathā,
dhammacariyāsamacariyā nāma dasa kusalakammapathāti veditabbā.
Abhikkantaṃ bho gotamāti ettha ayaṃ abhikkantasaddo khayasundarābhirūpa-
abbhanumodanesu dissati. "abhikkantā bhante ratti, nikkhanto paṭhamo yāmo,
ciranisinno bhikkhusaṃgho"tiādīsu 4- hi khaye dissati. "ayaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ
puggalānaṃ abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro cā"tiādīsu 5- sundare.
"ko me vandati pādāni iddhiyā yasasā jalaṃ
abhikkantena vaṇṇena sabbā obhāsayaṃ disā"ti-
ādīsu 6- abhirūpe. "abhikkantaṃ bhante"tiādīsu 7- abbhanumodane. Idhāpi
abbhanumodaneyeva. Yasmā ca abbhanumodane, tasmā sādhu sādhu bho gotamāti vuttaṃ
hotīti veditabbaṃ.
"bhaye kodhe pasaṃsāyaṃ turite kotūhalacchare
hāse soke pasāde ca kare āmeṇḍitaṃ 8- budho"ti
iminā ca lakkhaṇena idha pasādavasena pasaṃsāvasena cāyaṃ dvikkhattuṃ vuttoti veditabbo.
Athavā abhikkantanti abhikkantaṃ 9- atiiṭṭhaṃ atimanāpaṃ, atisundaranti vuttaṃ
hoti.
@Footnote: 1 Ma. ko hetu ko paccayoti 2 cha.Ma. ubhayampetaṃ 3 cha.Ma. visamaṃ
@4 aṅ.aṭṭhaka. 23/110(20)/207 uposathasutta (syā), khu.u. 25/45/164
@uposathasutta, vi.cu. 7/383/204 pāṭimokkhuddesayācana
@5 aṅ.catukka. 21/100/113 potaliyasutta 6 khu.vimāna. 26/857/87
@maṇḍūkadevaputtavimāna 7 dī.Sī. 9/250/85 ajātasattuupāsakattapaṭivedanā,
@vi.mahā. 1/15/7 verañjakaṇḍa 8 cha.Ma. āmeḍitaṃ 9 Sī. atikantaṃ
Tattha ekena abhikkantasaddena desanaṃ thometi, ekena attano pasādaṃ.
Ayañhettha adhippāyo:- abhikkantaṃ bho gotama yadidaṃ bhoto gotamassa dhammadesanā,
abhikkantaṃ yadidaṃ bhoto gotamassa dhammadesanaṃ āgamma mama pasādoti. Bhagavatoyeva
vacanaṃ 1- dve dve atthe sandhāya thometi:- bhoto gotamassa vacanaṃ abhikkantaṃ
dosanāsanato, abhikkantaṃ guṇādhigamanato, tathā saddhājananato, paññājananato,
sātthato, byañjanato, uttānapadato, gambhīratthato, kaṇṇasukhato, hadayaṅgamato,
anattukkaṃsanato, aparavambhanato, karuṇāsītalato, paññāvadātato, āpātharamaṇīyato,
vimaddakkhamato, suyyamānasukhato, vīmaṃsiyamānato hitato cāti 2- evamādīhi yojetabbaṃ.
Tato paraṃpi catūhi upamāhi desanaṃyeva thometi. Tattha nikkujjitanti adhomukhaṭhapitaṃ
heṭṭhāmukhajātaṃ vā. Ukkujjeyyāti uparimukhaṃ kareyya. Paṭicchannanti tiṇādīhi
paṭicchāditaṃ. 3- Vivareyyāti ugghāṭeyya. Mūḷhassāti disāmūḷhassa. Maggaṃ
ācikkheyyāti hatthe gahetvā "esa maggo"ti vadeyya. Andhakāreti kāḷapakkhacātuddasī
aḍḍharattaghanavanasaṇḍameghapaṭalehi caturaṅge tame. Ayaṃ tāva anuttānapadattho.
Ayaṃ pana adhippāyo 4-:- yathā koci nikkujjitaṃ ukkujjeyya, evaṃ saddhamma-
vimukhaṃ asaddhamme patitaṃ 5- maṃ asaddhammā vuṭṭhāpentena, yathā paṭicchannaṃ vivareyya,
evaṃ kassapassa bhagavato sāsanantaradhānato pabhūti micchādiṭṭhigahaṇapaṭicchannasāsanaṃ
vivarantena, yathā mūḷhassa maggaṃ ācikkheyya, evaṃ kummaggamicchāmaggapaṭipannassa
me saggamokkhamaggaṃ āvīkarontena, yathā andhakāre telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya, evaṃ
mohandhakāranimuggassa me buddhādiratanarūpāni apassato tappaṭicchādakamohandhakāra-
viddhaṃsakadesanāpajjotadhāraṇena mayhaṃ bhotā gotamena etehi pariyāyehi pakāsitattā
anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. 6-
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. vā vacanaṃ 2 cha.Ma.,i. vīmaṃsiyamānahitatoti 3 cha.Ma.,i. tiṇapaṇṇādichāditaṃ
@4 cha.Ma.,i. adhippāyayojanā 5 Ma. patiṭṭhitaṃ 6 cha.Ma. pakāsitoti
Evaṃ desanaṃ thometvā imāya desanāya ratanattaye pasannacitto pasannākāraṃ
karonto esāhantiādimāha. Tattha esāhanti eso ahaṃ. Bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ
gacchāmīti bhavaṃ me gotamo saraṇaṃ parāyanaṃ aghassa dātā 1- hitassa ca vidātāti 2-
iminā adhippāyena bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ gacchāmi bhajāmi sevāmi payirupāsāmi, evaṃ
vā jānāmi bujjhāmīti. Yesañhi dhātūnaṃ gati attho, buddhipi tesaṃ attho. Tasmā
gacchāmīti imassa jānāmi bujjhāmīti ayamattho vutto. Dhammañca bhikkhusaṃghañcāti
ettha pana 3- adhigatamagge ceva sacchikatanirodhe ca yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāne catūsu 3-
apāyesu apatamāne dhāretīti dhammo. So atthato ariyamaggo ceva nibbānaṃ
ca. Vuttañhetaṃ "yāvatā bhikkhave dhammā saṅkhatā, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo tesaṃ
aggamakkhāyatī"ti 4- vitthāro. Na kevalaṃ ca ariyamaggo ceva nibbānaṃ ca, apica
kho ariyaphalehi saddhiṃ pariyattidhammopi. Vuttañhetaṃ chattamāṇavakavimāne:-
"rāgavirāgamanejamasokaṃ dhammamasaṅkhatamappaṭikūlaṃ
madhuramimaṃ paguṇaṃ suvibhattaṃ dhammamimaṃ saraṇatthamupehī"ti. 5-
Ettha rāgavirāgoti maggo kathito. Anejamasokanti phalaṃ. Dhammamasaṅkhatanti
nibbānaṃ. Appaṭikūlaṃ madhuramimaṃ paguṇaṃ suvibhattanti piṭakattayena vibhattaṃ
sabbadhammakkhandhaṃ. 6- Diṭṭhisīlasaṅghātena saṃhatoti 7- saṃgho. So atthato
aṭṭhaariyapuggalasamūho. Vuttañhetaṃ tasmiññeva vimāne:-
"yattha ca dinnamahapphalamāhu
catūsu sucīsu purisayugesu
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma.,i. tātā, Ma. sukhassadātā 2 cha.Ma.,i. vidhātāti
@3-3 cha.Ma. adhigatamagge sacchikatanirodhe yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāne ca catūsu
@4 aṅ.catukka. 21/34/38 aggappasādasutta 5 khu.vimāna. 26/887/91 chattamāṇavakavimāna
@6 cha.Ma.,i. vibhattā sabbadhammakkhandhāti 7 ka. saṃghaṭatoti
Aṭṭha ca puggaladhammadasā te
saṃghamimaṃ saraṇatthamupehī"ti. 1-
Bhikkhūnaṃ saṃgho bhikkhusaṃgho. Ettāvatā brāhmaṇo tīṇi saraṇagamanāni
paṭivedesi.
Idāni tesu saraṇagamanesu kosallatthaṃ saraṇaṃ, saraṇagamanaṃ, yo ca saraṇaṃ
gacchati, saraṇagamanappabhedo, saraṇagamanaphalaṃ, saṅkileso, bhedoti ayaṃ vidhi veditabbo.
Seyyathīdaṃ:- padatthato tāva hiṃsatīti saraṇaṃ, saraṇaṃ gatānaṃ teneva saraṇagamanena
bhayasantāsadukkhaduggatiparikkilesaṃ hanati vināsetīti attho, ratanattayassevetaṃ
adhivacanaṃ. Athavā hite pavattanena ahitā ca nivattanena sattānaṃ bhayaṃ hiṃsatīti
buddho, bhavakantārā uttāraṇena lokassa assāsadānena ca dhammo, appakānampi
kārānaṃ vipulaphalapaṭilābhakaraṇena saṃgho. Tasmā imināpi pariyāyena ratanattayaṃ
saraṇaṃ. Tappasādataggarutāhi vihatakileso tapparāyanatākārappavatto cittuppādo
saraṇagamanaṃ. Taṃsamaṅgīsatto saraṇaṃ gacchati, vuttappakārena cittuppādena "etāni
tīṇi ratanāni saraṇaṃ, etāni parāyanan"ti evaṃ upetīti attho. Evaṃ tāva
saraṇaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ yo ca saraṇaṃ gacchati idaṃ tayaṃ veditabbaṃ.
Saraṇagamanappabhede pana duvidhaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ lokuttaraṃ lokiyañca. 2- Tattha lokuttaraṃ
diṭṭhasaccānaṃ maggakkhaṇe saraṇagamanūpakkilesasamucchedena ārammaṇato nibbānārammaṇaṃ
hutvā kiccato sakalepi ratanattaye ijjhati. Lokiyaṃ puthujjanānaṃ saraṇagamanūpakkilesa-
vikkhambhanena ārammaṇato buddhādiguṇārammaṇaṃ hutvā ijjhati. Taṃ atthato buddhādīsu
tīsu vatthūsu saddhāpaṭilābho, saddhāmūlikā ca sammādiṭṭhi dasasu puññakiriyāvatthūsu
diṭṭhujukammanti 3- vuccati.
@Footnote: 1 khu.vimāna. 26/888/92 chattamāṇavakavimāna 2 cha.Ma. lokiyañcāti
@3 cha.Ma. diṭṭhijukammanti
Tayidaṃ catudhā pavattati attasanniyyātanena tapparāyanatāya sissabhāvūpagamanena
paṇipātenāti. Tattha attasanniyyātanaṃ nāma "ajja ādiṃ katvā ahaṃ attānaṃ
buddhassa niyyādemi, dhammassa, saṃghassā"ti evaṃ buddhādīnaṃ attapariccajanaṃ.
Tapparāyanatā nāma "ajja ādiṃ katvā ahaṃ buddhaparāyano, dhammaparāyano, saṃghaparāyano
iti maṃ dhārethā"ti evaṃ tapparāyanabhāvo. Sissabhāvūpagamanaṃ nāma "ajja ādiṃ
katvā ahaṃ buddhassa antevāsiko, dhammassa, saṃghassa iti maṃ dhārethā"ti
evaṃ sissabhāvūpagamo. Paṇipāto nāma "ajja ādiṃ katvā ahaṃ abhivādanaṃ
paccupaṭṭhānaṃ añjalikammaṃ sāmīcikammaṃ buddhādīnaṃyeva tiṇṇaṃ vatthūnaṃ karomi iti
maṃ dhārethā"ti evaṃ buddhādīsu paramanipaccakāro. Imesañhi catunnaṃ ākārānaṃ
aññataraṃpi karontena gahitaṃyeva hoti saraṇagamanaṃ.
Apica "bhagavato attānaṃ pariccajāmi, dhammassa, saṃghassa attānaṃ pariccajāmi,
jīvitaṃ pariccajāmi, pariccattoyeva me attā, pariccattameva me jīvitaṃ,
jīvitapariyantikaṃ buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, buddho me saraṇaṃ leṇaṃ tāṇan"ti evaṃpi
attasanniyyātanaṃ veditabbaṃ. "satthārañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ, bhagavantameva passeyyaṃ,
sugatañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ, bhagavantameva passeyyaṃ, sammāsambuddhaṃ ca vatāhaṃ
passeyyaṃ, bhagavantameva passeyyan"ti 1- evaṃpi mahākassapassa saraṇagamanaṃ 2- viya
sissabhāvūpagamanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.
"so ahaṃ vicarissāmi gāmā gāmaṃ purā puraṃ
namassamāno sambuddhaṃ dhammassa ca sudhammatan"ti. 3-
Evaṃpi āḷavakādīnaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ viya tapparāyanatā veditabbāti. 4- "athakho
brahmāyu brāhmaṇo uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā bhagavato pādesu
@Footnote: 1 saṃ.ni. 16/154/210 cīvarasutta 2 cha.Ma. saraṇagamane
@3 khu.su. 25/194/371, saṃ. sa. 15/246/259 āḷavakasutta 4 cha.Ma.,i. veditabbā
Sirasā nipatitvā bhagavato pādāni mukhena ca paricumbati, pāṇīhi ca sambāhati, 1-
nāmañca sāveti brahmāyu ahaṃ bho gotama brāhmaṇo, brahmāyu ahaṃ bho
gotama brāhmaṇo"ti 2- evaṃpi paṇipāto daṭṭhabbo.
So panesa ñātibhayācariyadakkhiṇeyyavasena catubbidho hoti. Tattha dakkhiṇeyya-
paṇipātena saraṇagamanaṃ hoti, na itarehi. Seṭṭhavaseneva hi saraṇaṃ gaṇhāti,
seṭṭhavasena ca bhijjati. Tasmā yo sākiyo vā koliyo vā "buddho amhākaṃ
ñātako"ti vandati, agahitameva hoti saraṇaṃ. Yo vā "samaṇo gotamo rājapūjito
mahānubhāvo avandiyamāno anatthaṃpi kareyyā"ti bhayena vandati, agahitameva hoti
saraṇaṃ. Yo vā bodhisattakāle bhagavato santike kiñci uggahitaṃ saramāno buddhakāle vā:-
"ekena bhoge bhuñjeyya dvīhi kammaṃ payojaye
catutthañca nidhāpeyya āpadāsu bhavissatī"ti 3-
evarūpaṃ anusāsaniṃ 4- uggahetvā "ācariyo me"ti vandati, agahitameva hoti saraṇaṃ.
Yo pana "ayaṃ loke aggadakkhiṇeyyo"ti vandati, teneva gahitaṃ hoti saraṇaṃ.
Evaṃ gahitasaraṇasseva 5- upāsakassa vā upāsikāya vā aññatitthiyesu pabbajitaṃpi
ñātiṃ "ñātako me ayan"ti vandato saraṇagamanaṃ na bhijjati, pageva apabbajitaṃ.
Tathā rājānaṃ bhayavasena vandato. So hi raṭṭhapūjitattā avandiyamāno anatthaṃpi
kareyyāti. Tathā yaṅkiñci sippaṃ sikkhāpakaṃ titthiyaṃpi "ācariyo me ayan"ti
vandatopi na bhijjatīti. Evaṃ saraṇagamanappabhedo veditabbo.
Ettha ca lokuttarassa saraṇagamanassa cattāri sāmaññaphalāni vipākaphalaṃ,
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. parisambāhati 2 Ma.Ma. 13/394/377 brahmāyusutta
@3 dī.pā. 11/265/164 suhadamitta
@4 Ma. anusāsanaṃ 5 cha.Ma.,i. gahitasaraṇassa ca
Sabbadukkhakkhayo ānisaṃsaphalaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ:-
"yo ca buddhañca dhammañca saṃghañca saraṇaṃ gato
cattāri ariyasaccāni sammappaññāya passati.
Dukkhaṃ dukkhasamuppādaṃ dukkhassa ca atikkamaṃ
ariyañcaṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ dukkhūpasamagāminaṃ.
Etaṃ kho saraṇaṃ khemaṃ etaṃ saraṇamuttamaṃ
etaṃ saraṇamāgamma sabbadukkhā pamuccatī"ti. 1-
Apica niccato anupagamanādivasenapetassa ānisaṃsaphalaṃ veditabbaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ:-
"aṭṭhānametaṃ bhikkhave anavakāso, yaṃ diṭṭhisampanno puggalo
kañci saṅkhāraṃ niccato upagaccheyya, sukhato upagaccheyya, kañci dhammaṃ
attato upagaccheyya, mātaraṃ jīvitā voropeyya, pitaraṃ jīvitā voropeyya,
arahantaṃ jīvitā voropeyya, paduṭṭhacitto tathāgatassa lohitaṃ uppādeyya,
saṃghaṃ bhindeyya, aññaṃ satthāraṃ uddiseyya, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī"ti. 2-
Lokiyassa pana saraṇagamanassa bhavasampadāpi bhogasampadāpi phalameva.
Vuttañhetaṃ:-
"ye keci buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gatāse
na te gamissanti apāyabhūmiṃ 3-
pahāya mānusaṃ dehaṃ
devakāyaṃ paripūressantī"ti. 4-
@Footnote: 1 khu.dha. 25/190-2/50-1 aggidattapurohitavatthu
@2 Ma.u. 14/128/114 bahudhātukasutta,
@aṅ.ekaka. 20/268-276/28-9 aṭṭhānapāli: paṭhamavagga
@3 Sī.,i. apāyaṃ 4 saṃ.sa. 15/37/30 samayasutta
Aparaṃpi vuttaṃ:-
"athakho sakko devānamindo asītiyā devatāsahassehi saddhiṃ
yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami .pe. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho
sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca `sādhu kho
devānaminda buddhasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti, buddhasaraṇagamanahetu kho devānaminda
evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā parammaraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ
upapajjanti, te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti dibbena
āyunā dibbena vaṇṇena sukhena yasena ādhipateyyena dibbehi rūpehi
saddehi gandhehi rasehi phoṭṭhabbehī"ti. 1-
Esa nayo dhamme ca saṃghe ca. Apica velāmasuttādivasenāpi 2- saraṇagamanassa
phalaviseso veditabbo. Evaṃ saraṇagamanaphalaṃ veditabbaṃ.
Tattha ca lokiyasaraṇagamanaṃ tīsu vatthūsu aññāṇasaṃsayamicchāñāṇādīhi saṅkilissati,
na mahājutikaṃ hoti na mahāvipphāraṃ. Lokuttarassa natthi saṅkileso. Lokiyassa
ca saraṇagamanassa duvidho bhedo sāvajjo ca anavajjo ca. Tattha sāvajjo
aññasatthārādīsu attasanniyyātanādīhi hoti, so aniṭṭhaphalo. Anavajjo kālakiriyāya,
so avipākattā aphalo. Lokuttarassa pana nevatthi bhedo. Bhavantarepi hi ariyasāvako
aññaṃ satthāraṃ na uddisatīti evaṃ saraṇagamanassa saṅkileso ca bhedo ca veditabbo.
Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretūti maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo "upāsako ayan"ti
evaṃ dhāretu, jānātūti attho. Upāsakavidhikosallatthaṃ panettha ko upāsako, kasmā
upāsakoti vuccati, kimassa sīlaṃ, ko ājīvo, kā vipatti, kā sampattīti idaṃ
pakiṇṇakaṃ veditabbaṃ.
@Footnote: 1 saṃ.saḷā. 18/530/337 moggallānasaṃyutta (syā)
@2 aṅ.navaka. 23/224(20)/405 velāmasutta (syā)
Tattha ko upāsakoti yokoci tisaraṇaṃ gato gahaṭṭho. Vuttañhetaṃ:-
"yato kho mahānāma upāsako buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, dhammaṃ
saraṇaṃ gato hoti, saṃghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, ettāvatā kho mahānāma
upāsako hotī"ti. 1-
Kasmā upāsakoti ratanattayassa upāsanato. So hi buddhaṃ upāsatīti
upāsako. Dhammaṃ, saṃghaṃ upāsatīti upāsakoti.
Kimassa sīlanti pañca veramaṇiyo. Yathāha:-
"yato kho mahānāma upāsako pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti,
adinnādānā, kāmesumicchācārā, musāvādā, surāmerayamajja-
pamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. Ettāvatā kho mahānāma upāsako
sīlavā hotī"ti. 1-
Ko ājīvoti pañca micchāvaṇijjā pahāya dhammena samena jīvikakappanaṃ.
Vuttañhetaṃ:-
"pañcimā bhikkhave vaṇijjā upāsakena akaraṇīyā. Katamā pañca.
Satthavaṇijjā sattavaṇijjā maṃsavaṇijjā majjavaṇijjā visavaṇijjā. Imā
kho bhikkhave pañca vaṇijjā upāsakena akaraṇīyā"ti. 2-
Kā vipattīti yā tasseva sīlassa ca ājīvassa ca vipatti, ayamassa vipatti.
Apica yāya esa caṇḍālo ceva hoti malañca paṭikiṭṭho 3- ca, sāpi tassa vipattīti
@Footnote: 1 saṃ.Ma. 19/1033/343 mahānāmasutta 2 aṅ.pañcaka. 22/177/232 upāsakavagga (syā)
@3 cha.Ma. patikuṭṭho. evamuparipi
Veditabbā. Te ca atthato assaddhiyādayo pañca dhammā honti. Yathāha:-
"pañcahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato upāsako upāsaka-
caṇḍālo ca hoti upāsakamalañca upāsakapaṭikiṭṭho ca. Katamehi pañcahi.
Assaddho hoti, dussīlo hoti, kotuhalamaṅgaliko hoti, maṅgalaṃ pacceti
no kammaṃ, ito ca bahiddhā dakkhiṇeyyaṃ pariyesati, tattha ca pubbakāraṃ
karotī"ti. 1-
Kā sampattīti yā cassa sīlasampadā ca ājīvasampadā ca, sā sampatti.
Ye cassa ratanabhāvādikarā saddhādayo pañca dhammā yathāha:-
"pañcahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato upāsako upāsakaratanaṃ
ca hoti upāsakapadumaṃ ca upāsakapuṇḍarikaṃ ca. Katamehi pañcahi. Saddho
hoti, sīlavā hoti, na kotuhalamaṅgaliko hoti, kammaṃ pacceti no
maṅgalaṃ, na ito bahiddhā dakkhiṇeyyaṃ gavesati, idha ca pubbakāraṃ
karotī"ti. 1-
Ajjataggeti ettha ayaṃ aggasaddo ādikoṭikoṭṭhāsaseṭṭhesu dissati.
"ajjatagge samma dovārika āvarāmi dvāraṃ niggaṇṭhānaṃ niggaṇṭhīnan"tiādīsu 2-
hi ādimhi dissati. "teneva aṅgulaggena taṃ aṅgulaggaṃ parāmaseyya. 3- Ucchuggaṃ
veḷuggan"tiādīsu koṭiyaṃ. "ambilaggaṃ vā madhuraggaṃ vā tittakaggaṃ vā, 4-
anujānāmi bhikkhave vihāraggena vā pariveṇaggena vā bhājetun"tiādīsu 5- koṭṭhāse.
"yāvatā bhikkhave satta apadā vā .pe. Tathāgato tesaṃ aggamakkhāyatī"tiādīsu 6-
seṭṭhe.
@Footnote: 1 aṅ. pañcaka. 22/175/230 upāsakavagga (syā) 2 Ma.Ma. 13/70/47 upālivādasutta
@3 abhi. ka. 37/441/267 paccuppannañāṇakathā 4 saṃ.Ma. 19/374/131 sūdasutta
@5 vi.cu. 7/318/89 senāsanaggāhāpakasammati 6 aṅ.catukka. 21/34/39 aggappasādasutta
Idha panāyaṃ ādimhi daṭṭhabbo. Tasmā ajjataggeti ajjataṃ ādiṃ katvāti evamettha
attho daṭṭhabbo. 1- Ajjatanti ajjabhāvaṃ. 2- Ajjadaggetipi vā pāṭho, dakāro
padasandhikaro, ajja aggaṃ katvāti attho.
Pāṇupetanti pāṇehi upetaṃ, yāva me jīvitaṃ pavattati, tāva upetaṃ,
anaññasatthukaṃ tīhi saraṇagamanehi saraṇagataṃ upāsakaṃ kappiyakārakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu
jānātu. Ahañhi sacepi me tikhiṇena asinā sīsaṃ chindeyyuṃ, neva buddhaṃ "na
buddho"ti vā dhammaṃ "na dhammo"ti vā saṃghaṃ "na saṃgho"ti vā vadeyyanti evaṃ
attasanniyyātanena saraṇaṃ gantvā catūhi paccayehi pavāretvā uṭṭhāyāsanā
bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā tikkhattuṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmīti.
[17] Sattame jāṇussoṇīti jāṇussoṇīti ṭhānantaraṃ kira nāmetaṃ 3-
ṭhānantaraṃ, taṃ yena kulena laddhaṃ, taṃ jāṇussoṇikulanti vuccati. Ayaṃ hi 4- tasmiṃ
kule jātattā rañño santikā 5- ca laddhajāṇussoṇisakkārattā jāṇussoṇīti vuccati.
Tenupasaṅkamīti "samaṇo kira gotamo paṇḍito byatto bahussuto"ti sutvā "sace
so liṅgavibhattikārakādibhedaṃ jānissati, amhehi ñātameva jānissati, aññātaṃ kiṃ
jānissati. Ñātameva kathessati, aññātaṃ kiṃ kathessatī"ti cintetvā mānaddhajaṃ
paggayha sīghaṃ ukkhipitvā mahāparivārehi parivuto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Katattā
ca brāhmaṇa akatattā cāti satthā tassa vacanaṃ sutvā "ayaṃ brāhmaṇo idha
āgacchanto na jānitukāmo atthagavesī hutvā āgato, mānaddhajaṃ 6- paggayha sīghaṃ
ukkhipitvā āgato. Kinnu khvassa yathā pañhāya atthaṃ ājānāti, 7- evaṃ kathite
vuḍḍhi bhavissati, udāhu yathā na jānātī"ti cintetvā "yathā na jānāti,
evaṃ kathite vuḍḍhi bhavissatī"ti ñatvā "katattā ca brāhmaṇa akatattā cā"ti
āha.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. veditabbo 2 Sī. ajjabhavaṃ 3 cha.Ma.,i. jāṇussoṇiṭhānantaraṃ kira nāmekaṃ
@4 cha.Ma.,i. ayaṃ saddo na dissati 5 cha.Ma.,i. santike 6 cha.Ma.,i. mānaṃ pana
@7 cha.Ma.,i. jānāti
Brāhmaṇo taṃ sutvā "samaṇo gotamo katattāpi akatattāpi niraye nibbattiṃ
vadati, idaṃ ubhayakāraṇenāpi ekaṭṭhāne nibbattiyā kathitattā dujjānaṃ mahandhakāraṃ,
natthi mayhaṃ ettha patiṭṭhā. Sace panāhaṃ ekanteneva 1- tuṇhī bhaveyyaṃ, brāhmaṇānaṃ
majjhe kathanakālepi maṃ evaṃ vadeyyuṃ `tvaṃ samaṇassa gotamassa santike 2- mānaṃ
paggayha sīghaṃ 3- ukkhipitvā āgatosi, ekavacaneneva tuṇhī hutvā kiñci vattuṃ
nāsakkhi, imasmiṃ ṭhāne kasmā kathesī'ti. Tasmā parājitopi aparājitasadiso hutvā
puna saggagamanapañhaṃ pucchissāmī"ti cintetvā ko nu kho bho gotamāti imaṃ
dutiyapañhaṃ ārabhi.
Evaṃpi cassa ahosi "uparipañhena heṭṭhāpañhaṃ jānissāmi, heṭṭhāpañhena
uparipañhan"ti. Tasmāpi imaṃ pañhaṃ pucchi. Satthā purimanayeneva cintetvā yathā
na jānāti, evameva kathento punapi "katattā ca brāhmaṇa akatattā cā"ti
āha. Brāhmaṇo tasmiṃ patiṭṭhātuṃ asakkonto "alaṃ kho pana 4- īdisassa purisassa
santikaṃ āgatena jānitvā 5- gantuṃ vaṭṭati, sakavādaṃ pahāya samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ anuvattitvā
mayhaṃ atthaṃ gavesissāmi, paralokamaggaṃ sodhessāmī"ti sanniṭṭhānaṃ katvā satthāraṃ
āyācanto na kho ahantiādimāha. Athassa nihatamānataṃ ñatvā satthā upari
desanaṃ vaḍḍhento tenahi brāhmaṇātiādimāha. Tattha tenahīti kāraṇaniddeso.
Yasmā saṅkhittena bhāsitassa atthaṃ ajānanto vitthāradesanaṃ yācasi, tasmāti attho.
Sesamettha uttānamevāti.
[18] Aṭṭhame āyasmāti piyavacanametaṃ. Ānandoti tassa therassa nāmaṃ.
Ekaṃsenāti ekantena. Anuviccāti anupavisitvā. Viññūti paṇḍitā. Garahantīti
nindanti, avaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti. Sesamettha uttānameva. Navame sabbaṃ uttānameva.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma.,i. ettakeneva 2 cha.Ma.,i. santikaṃ 3 cha.Ma. siṅgaṃ
@4 cha.Ma.,i. na 5 cha.Ma. ajānitvā
[20] Dasame dunnikkhittañca padabyañjananti uppaṭipāṭiyā gahitapālipadameva
hi atthassa byañjanattā byañjananti vuccati. Ubhayametaṃ pāliyāva nāmaṃ. Attho
ca dunnītoti parivattetvā uppaṭipāṭiyā gahitā aṭṭhakathā. Dunnikkhittassa
bhikkhave padabyañjanassa atthopi dunnayo hotīti parivattetvā uppaṭipāṭiyā
gahitāya pāliyā aṭṭhakathā nāma dunnayā 1- dunnīhārā dukkathā nāma hoti.
Ekādasame vuttapaṭipakkhanayena attho veditabbo.
Adhikaraṇavaggo dutiyo.
--------------
The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 15 page 15-28.
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=15&A=325
อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=15&A=325
อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=20&i=257
เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=20&A=1374
พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=20&A=1350
The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=20&A=1350
Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 20
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_20
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