AtthaPali Vol.15

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Sammodanīyaṃ, anussariyamānasukhato sāraṇīyaṃ, tathā byañjanaparisuddhatāya sammodanīyaṃ, atthaparisuddhatāya sāraṇīyanti evaṃ anekehi pariyāyehi sammodanīyaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ kathaṃ vītisāretvā pariyosāpetvā niṭṭhapetvā yenatthena āgato, taṃ pucchitukāmo ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantanti bhāvanapuṃsakaniddeso "visamaṃ candimasuriyā parivattantī"tiādīsu ^1- viya. Tasmā yathā nisinno ekamante ^2- nisinno hoti, tathā nisīdīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Bhummatthe vā etaṃ upayogavacanaṃ. Nisīdīti upāvisi. Paṇḍitā hi purisā garuṭṭhāniyaṃ upasaṅkamitvā āsanakusalatāya ekamantaṃ nisīdanti. Ayaṃ ca nesaṃ aññataro, tasmā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Kathaṃ nisinno pana ekamantaṃ nisinno hotīti? cha nisajjadose vajjetvā. Seyyathīdaṃ? atidūraṃ accāsannaṃ uparivātaṃ unnatappadesaṃ atisammukhaṃ atipacchāti. Atidūre nisinno hi sace kathetukāmo hoti, uccāsaddena kathetabbaṃ hoti. Accāsanne nisinno saṅghaṭṭanaṃ karoti. Uparivāte nisinno sarīragandhena bādhati. Unnatappadese nisinno agāravaṃ pakāseti. Atisammukhā nisinno sace daṭṭhukāmo hoti, cakkhunā cakkhuṃ āhacca daṭṭhabbaṃ hoti. Atipacchā nisinno sace daṭṭhukāmo hoti, gīvaṃ pasāretvā daṭṭhabbaṃ hoti. Tasmā ayaṃpi ete cha nisajjadose vajjetvā nisīdi. Tena vuttaṃ "ekamantaṃ nisīdī"ti. Etadavocāti duvidhā hi pucchā agārikapucchā ca anagārikapucchā ca. Tattha "kiṃ bhante kusalaṃ kiṃ akusalan"ti ^3- iminā nayena agārikapucchā āgatā. "ime nu kho bhante pañcupādānakkhandhā"ti ^4- iminā nayena anagārikapucchā. Ayaṃ pana attano anurūpaṃ agārikapucchaṃ ^5- pucchanto etaṃ "ko nu kho bho gotama hetu @Footnote: ¹ aṅ.catukka. 21/70/85 adhammikasutta ² cha.Ma. ekamantaṃ @³ Ma.u. 14/296/267 cūḷakammavibhaṅgasutta @⁴ Ma.u. 14/86/67 mahāpuṇṇamasutta ⁵ Ma. agāriyaṃ

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Ko paccayo"tiādivacanaṃ avoca. Tattha hetu paccayoti ^1- ubhayametaṃ ^2- kāraṇavevacanameva. Adhammacariyāvisamacariyāhetūti adhammacariyāsaṅkhātāya visamacariyāya hetu, taṃkāraṇā tappaccayāti attho. Tatrāyaṃ padattho:- adhammassa cariyā adhammacariyā, adhammakaraṇanti attho. Visamā ^3- cariyā, visamassa vā kammassa cariyāti visamacariyā. Adhammacariyā ca sā visamacariyā cāti adhammacariyāvisamacariyā. Etenupāyena sukkapakkhepi attho veditabbo. Atthato panettha adhammacariyāvisamacariyā nāma dasa akusalakammapathā, dhammacariyāsamacariyā nāma dasa kusalakammapathāti veditabbā. Abhikkantaṃ bho gotamāti ettha ayaṃ abhikkantasaddo khayasundarābhirūpa- abbhanumodanesu dissati. "abhikkantā bhante ratti, nikkhanto paṭhamo yāmo, ciranisinno bhikkhusaṃgho"tiādīsu ^4- hi khaye dissati. "ayaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro cā"tiādīsu ^5- sundare. "ko me vandati pādāni iddhiyā yasasā jalaṃ abhikkantena vaṇṇena sabbā obhāsayaṃ disā"ti- ādīsu ^6- abhirūpe. "abhikkantaṃ bhante"tiādīsu ^7- abbhanumodane. Idhāpi abbhanumodaneyeva. Yasmā ca abbhanumodane, tasmā sādhu sādhu bho gotamāti vuttaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ. "bhaye kodhe pasaṃsāyaṃ turite kotūhalacchare hāse soke pasāde ca kare āmeṇḍitaṃ ^8- budho"ti iminā ca lakkhaṇena idha pasādavasena pasaṃsāvasena cāyaṃ dvikkhattuṃ vuttoti veditabbo. Athavā abhikkantanti abhikkantaṃ ^9- atiiṭṭhaṃ atimanāpaṃ, atisundaranti vuttaṃ hoti. @Footnote: ¹ Ma. ko hetu ko paccayoti ² cha.Ma. ubhayampetaṃ ³ cha.Ma. visamaṃ @⁴ aṅ.aṭṭhaka. 23/110(20)/207 uposathasutta (syā), khu.u. 25/45/164 @uposathasutta, vi.cu. 7/383/204 pāṭimokkhuddesayācana @⁵ aṅ.catukka. 21/100/113 potaliyasutta ⁶ khu.vimāna. 26/857/87 @maṇḍūkadevaputtavimāna ⁷ dī.Sī. 9/250/85 ajātasattuupāsakattapaṭivedanā, @vi.mahā. 1/15/7 verañjakaṇḍa ⁸ cha.Ma. āmeḍitaṃ ⁹ Sī. atikantaṃ

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Tattha ekena abhikkantasaddena desanaṃ thometi, ekena attano pasādaṃ. Ayañhettha adhippāyo:- abhikkantaṃ bho gotama yadidaṃ bhoto gotamassa dhammadesanā, abhikkantaṃ yadidaṃ bhoto gotamassa dhammadesanaṃ āgamma mama pasādoti. Bhagavatoyeva vacanaṃ ^1- dve dve atthe sandhāya thometi:- bhoto gotamassa vacanaṃ abhikkantaṃ dosanāsanato, abhikkantaṃ guṇādhigamanato, tathā saddhājananato, paññājananato, sātthato, byañjanato, uttānapadato, gambhīratthato, kaṇṇasukhato, hadayaṅgamato, anattukkaṃsanato, aparavambhanato, karuṇāsītalato, paññāvadātato, āpātharamaṇīyato, vimaddakkhamato, suyyamānasukhato, vīmaṃsiyamānato hitato cāti ^2- evamādīhi yojetabbaṃ. Tato paraṃpi catūhi upamāhi desanaṃyeva thometi. Tattha nikkujjitanti adhomukhaṭhapitaṃ heṭṭhāmukhajātaṃ vā. Ukkujjeyyāti uparimukhaṃ kareyya. Paṭicchannanti tiṇādīhi paṭicchāditaṃ. ^3- Vivareyyāti ugghāṭeyya. Mūḷhassāti disāmūḷhassa. Maggaṃ ācikkheyyāti hatthe gahetvā "esa maggo"ti vadeyya. Andhakāreti kāḷapakkhacātuddasī aḍḍharattaghanavanasaṇḍameghapaṭalehi caturaṅge tame. Ayaṃ tāva anuttānapadattho. Ayaṃ pana adhippāyo 4-:- yathā koci nikkujjitaṃ ukkujjeyya, evaṃ saddhamma- vimukhaṃ asaddhamme patitaṃ ^5- maṃ asaddhammā vuṭṭhāpentena, yathā paṭicchannaṃ vivareyya, evaṃ kassapassa bhagavato sāsanantaradhānato pabhūti micchādiṭṭhigahaṇapaṭicchannasāsanaṃ vivarantena, yathā mūḷhassa maggaṃ ācikkheyya, evaṃ kummaggamicchāmaggapaṭipannassa me saggamokkhamaggaṃ āvīkarontena, yathā andhakāre telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya, evaṃ mohandhakāranimuggassa me buddhādiratanarūpāni apassato tappaṭicchādakamohandhakāra- viddhaṃsakadesanāpajjotadhāraṇena mayhaṃ bhotā gotamena etehi pariyāyehi pakāsitattā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. ^6- @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. vā vacanaṃ ² cha.Ma.,i. vīmaṃsiyamānahitatoti ³ cha.Ma.,i. tiṇapaṇṇādichāditaṃ @⁴ cha.Ma.,i. adhippāyayojanā ⁵ Ma. patiṭṭhitaṃ ⁶ cha.Ma. pakāsitoti

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Evaṃ desanaṃ thometvā imāya desanāya ratanattaye pasannacitto pasannākāraṃ karonto esāhantiādimāha. Tattha esāhanti eso ahaṃ. Bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmīti bhavaṃ me gotamo saraṇaṃ parāyanaṃ aghassa dātā ^1- hitassa ca vidātāti ^2- iminā adhippāyena bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ gacchāmi bhajāmi sevāmi payirupāsāmi, evaṃ vā jānāmi bujjhāmīti. Yesañhi dhātūnaṃ gati attho, buddhipi tesaṃ attho. Tasmā gacchāmīti imassa jānāmi bujjhāmīti ayamattho vutto. Dhammañca bhikkhusaṃghañcāti ettha pana ^3- adhigatamagge ceva sacchikatanirodhe ca yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāne catūsu ^3- apāyesu apatamāne dhāretīti dhammo. So atthato ariyamaggo ceva nibbānaṃ ca. Vuttañhetaṃ "yāvatā bhikkhave dhammā saṅkhatā, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo tesaṃ aggamakkhāyatī"ti ^4- vitthāro. Na kevalaṃ ca ariyamaggo ceva nibbānaṃ ca, apica kho ariyaphalehi saddhiṃ pariyattidhammopi. Vuttañhetaṃ chattamāṇavakavimāne:- "rāgavirāgamanejamasokaṃ dhammamasaṅkhatamappaṭikūlaṃ madhuramimaṃ paguṇaṃ suvibhattaṃ dhammamimaṃ saraṇatthamupehī"ti. ^5- Ettha rāgavirāgoti maggo kathito. Anejamasokanti phalaṃ. Dhammamasaṅkhatanti nibbānaṃ. Appaṭikūlaṃ madhuramimaṃ paguṇaṃ suvibhattanti piṭakattayena vibhattaṃ sabbadhammakkhandhaṃ. ^6- Diṭṭhisīlasaṅghātena saṃhatoti ^7- saṃgho. So atthato aṭṭhaariyapuggalasamūho. Vuttañhetaṃ tasmiññeva vimāne:- "yattha ca dinnamahapphalamāhu catūsu sucīsu purisayugesu @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma.,i. tātā, Ma. sukhassadātā ² cha.Ma.,i. vidhātāti @^3-3 cha.Ma. adhigatamagge sacchikatanirodhe yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāne ca catūsu @⁴ aṅ.catukka. 21/34/38 aggappasādasutta ⁵ khu.vimāna. 26/887/91 chattamāṇavakavimāna @⁶ cha.Ma.,i. vibhattā sabbadhammakkhandhāti ⁷ ka. saṃghaṭatoti

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Aṭṭha ca puggaladhammadasā te saṃghamimaṃ saraṇatthamupehī"ti. ^1- Bhikkhūnaṃ saṃgho bhikkhusaṃgho. Ettāvatā brāhmaṇo tīṇi saraṇagamanāni paṭivedesi. Idāni tesu saraṇagamanesu kosallatthaṃ saraṇaṃ, saraṇagamanaṃ, yo ca saraṇaṃ gacchati, saraṇagamanappabhedo, saraṇagamanaphalaṃ, saṅkileso, bhedoti ayaṃ vidhi veditabbo. Seyyathīdaṃ:- padatthato tāva hiṃsatīti saraṇaṃ, saraṇaṃ gatānaṃ teneva saraṇagamanena bhayasantāsadukkhaduggatiparikkilesaṃ hanati vināsetīti attho, ratanattayassevetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Athavā hite pavattanena ahitā ca nivattanena sattānaṃ bhayaṃ hiṃsatīti buddho, bhavakantārā uttāraṇena lokassa assāsadānena ca dhammo, appakānampi kārānaṃ vipulaphalapaṭilābhakaraṇena saṃgho. Tasmā imināpi pariyāyena ratanattayaṃ saraṇaṃ. Tappasādataggarutāhi vihatakileso tapparāyanatākārappavatto cittuppādo saraṇagamanaṃ. Taṃsamaṅgīsatto saraṇaṃ gacchati, vuttappakārena cittuppādena "etāni tīṇi ratanāni saraṇaṃ, etāni parāyanan"ti evaṃ upetīti attho. Evaṃ tāva saraṇaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ yo ca saraṇaṃ gacchati idaṃ tayaṃ veditabbaṃ. Saraṇagamanappabhede pana duvidhaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ lokuttaraṃ lokiyañca. ^2- Tattha lokuttaraṃ diṭṭhasaccānaṃ maggakkhaṇe saraṇagamanūpakkilesasamucchedena ārammaṇato nibbānārammaṇaṃ hutvā kiccato sakalepi ratanattaye ijjhati. Lokiyaṃ puthujjanānaṃ saraṇagamanūpakkilesa- vikkhambhanena ārammaṇato buddhādiguṇārammaṇaṃ hutvā ijjhati. Taṃ atthato buddhādīsu tīsu vatthūsu saddhāpaṭilābho, saddhāmūlikā ca sammādiṭṭhi dasasu puññakiriyāvatthūsu diṭṭhujukammanti ^3- vuccati. @Footnote: ¹ khu.vimāna. 26/888/92 chattamāṇavakavimāna ² cha.Ma. lokiyañcāti @³ cha.Ma. diṭṭhijukammanti

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Tayidaṃ catudhā pavattati attasanniyyātanena tapparāyanatāya sissabhāvūpagamanena paṇipātenāti. Tattha attasanniyyātanaṃ nāma "ajja ādiṃ katvā ahaṃ attānaṃ buddhassa niyyādemi, dhammassa, saṃghassā"ti evaṃ buddhādīnaṃ attapariccajanaṃ. Tapparāyanatā nāma "ajja ādiṃ katvā ahaṃ buddhaparāyano, dhammaparāyano, saṃghaparāyano iti maṃ dhārethā"ti evaṃ tapparāyanabhāvo. Sissabhāvūpagamanaṃ nāma "ajja ādiṃ katvā ahaṃ buddhassa antevāsiko, dhammassa, saṃghassa iti maṃ dhārethā"ti evaṃ sissabhāvūpagamo. Paṇipāto nāma "ajja ādiṃ katvā ahaṃ abhivādanaṃ paccupaṭṭhānaṃ añjalikammaṃ sāmīcikammaṃ buddhādīnaṃyeva tiṇṇaṃ vatthūnaṃ karomi iti maṃ dhārethā"ti evaṃ buddhādīsu paramanipaccakāro. Imesañhi catunnaṃ ākārānaṃ aññataraṃpi karontena gahitaṃyeva hoti saraṇagamanaṃ. Apica "bhagavato attānaṃ pariccajāmi, dhammassa, saṃghassa attānaṃ pariccajāmi, jīvitaṃ pariccajāmi, pariccattoyeva me attā, pariccattameva me jīvitaṃ, jīvitapariyantikaṃ buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, buddho me saraṇaṃ leṇaṃ tāṇan"ti evaṃpi attasanniyyātanaṃ veditabbaṃ. "satthārañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ, bhagavantameva passeyyaṃ, sugatañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ, bhagavantameva passeyyaṃ, sammāsambuddhaṃ ca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ, bhagavantameva passeyyan"ti ^1- evaṃpi mahākassapassa saraṇagamanaṃ ^2- viya sissabhāvūpagamanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. "so ahaṃ vicarissāmi gāmā gāmaṃ purā puraṃ namassamāno sambuddhaṃ dhammassa ca sudhammatan"ti. ^3- Evaṃpi āḷavakādīnaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ viya tapparāyanatā veditabbāti. ^4- "athakho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā bhagavato pādesu @Footnote: ¹ saṃ.ni. 16/154/210 cīvarasutta ² cha.Ma. saraṇagamane @³ khu.su. 25/194/371, saṃ. sa. 15/246/259 āḷavakasutta ⁴ cha.Ma.,i. veditabbā

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Sirasā nipatitvā bhagavato pādāni mukhena ca paricumbati, pāṇīhi ca sambāhati, ^1- nāmañca sāveti brahmāyu ahaṃ bho gotama brāhmaṇo, brahmāyu ahaṃ bho gotama brāhmaṇo"ti ^2- evaṃpi paṇipāto daṭṭhabbo. So panesa ñātibhayācariyadakkhiṇeyyavasena catubbidho hoti. Tattha dakkhiṇeyya- paṇipātena saraṇagamanaṃ hoti, na itarehi. Seṭṭhavaseneva hi saraṇaṃ gaṇhāti, seṭṭhavasena ca bhijjati. Tasmā yo sākiyo vā koliyo vā "buddho amhākaṃ ñātako"ti vandati, agahitameva hoti saraṇaṃ. Yo vā "samaṇo gotamo rājapūjito mahānubhāvo avandiyamāno anatthaṃpi kareyyā"ti bhayena vandati, agahitameva hoti saraṇaṃ. Yo vā bodhisattakāle bhagavato santike kiñci uggahitaṃ saramāno buddhakāle vā:- "ekena bhoge bhuñjeyya dvīhi kammaṃ payojaye catutthañca nidhāpeyya āpadāsu bhavissatī"ti ^3- evarūpaṃ anusāsaniṃ ^4- uggahetvā "ācariyo me"ti vandati, agahitameva hoti saraṇaṃ. Yo pana "ayaṃ loke aggadakkhiṇeyyo"ti vandati, teneva gahitaṃ hoti saraṇaṃ. Evaṃ gahitasaraṇasseva ^5- upāsakassa vā upāsikāya vā aññatitthiyesu pabbajitaṃpi ñātiṃ "ñātako me ayan"ti vandato saraṇagamanaṃ na bhijjati, pageva apabbajitaṃ. Tathā rājānaṃ bhayavasena vandato. So hi raṭṭhapūjitattā avandiyamāno anatthaṃpi kareyyāti. Tathā yaṅkiñci sippaṃ sikkhāpakaṃ titthiyaṃpi "ācariyo me ayan"ti vandatopi na bhijjatīti. Evaṃ saraṇagamanappabhedo veditabbo. Ettha ca lokuttarassa saraṇagamanassa cattāri sāmaññaphalāni vipākaphalaṃ, @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. parisambāhati ² Ma.Ma. 13/394/377 brahmāyusutta @³ dī.pā. 11/265/164 suhadamitta @⁴ Ma. anusāsanaṃ ⁵ cha.Ma.,i. gahitasaraṇassa ca

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Sabbadukkhakkhayo ānisaṃsaphalaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ:- "yo ca buddhañca dhammañca saṃghañca saraṇaṃ gato cattāri ariyasaccāni sammappaññāya passati. Dukkhaṃ dukkhasamuppādaṃ dukkhassa ca atikkamaṃ ariyañcaṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ dukkhūpasamagāminaṃ. Etaṃ kho saraṇaṃ khemaṃ etaṃ saraṇamuttamaṃ etaṃ saraṇamāgamma sabbadukkhā pamuccatī"ti. ^1- Apica niccato anupagamanādivasenapetassa ānisaṃsaphalaṃ veditabbaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ:- "aṭṭhānametaṃ bhikkhave anavakāso, yaṃ diṭṭhisampanno puggalo kañci saṅkhāraṃ niccato upagaccheyya, sukhato upagaccheyya, kañci dhammaṃ attato upagaccheyya, mātaraṃ jīvitā voropeyya, pitaraṃ jīvitā voropeyya, arahantaṃ jīvitā voropeyya, paduṭṭhacitto tathāgatassa lohitaṃ uppādeyya, saṃghaṃ bhindeyya, aññaṃ satthāraṃ uddiseyya, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī"ti. ^2- Lokiyassa pana saraṇagamanassa bhavasampadāpi bhogasampadāpi phalameva. Vuttañhetaṃ:- "ye keci buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gatāse na te gamissanti apāyabhūmiṃ ^3- pahāya mānusaṃ dehaṃ devakāyaṃ paripūressantī"ti. ^4- @Footnote: ¹ khu.dha. 25/190-2/50-1 aggidattapurohitavatthu @² Ma.u. 14/128/114 bahudhātukasutta, @aṅ.ekaka. 20/268-276/28-9 aṭṭhānapāli: paṭhamavagga @³ Sī.,i. apāyaṃ ⁴ saṃ.sa. 15/37/30 samayasutta

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Aparaṃpi vuttaṃ:- "athakho sakko devānamindo asītiyā devatāsahassehi saddhiṃ yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami .pe. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca `sādhu kho devānaminda buddhasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti, buddhasaraṇagamanahetu kho devānaminda evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā parammaraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti, te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti dibbena āyunā dibbena vaṇṇena sukhena yasena ādhipateyyena dibbehi rūpehi saddehi gandhehi rasehi phoṭṭhabbehī"ti. ^1- Esa nayo dhamme ca saṃghe ca. Apica velāmasuttādivasenāpi ^2- saraṇagamanassa phalaviseso veditabbo. Evaṃ saraṇagamanaphalaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tattha ca lokiyasaraṇagamanaṃ tīsu vatthūsu aññāṇasaṃsayamicchāñāṇādīhi saṅkilissati, na mahājutikaṃ hoti na mahāvipphāraṃ. Lokuttarassa natthi saṅkileso. Lokiyassa ca saraṇagamanassa duvidho bhedo sāvajjo ca anavajjo ca. Tattha sāvajjo aññasatthārādīsu attasanniyyātanādīhi hoti, so aniṭṭhaphalo. Anavajjo kālakiriyāya, so avipākattā aphalo. Lokuttarassa pana nevatthi bhedo. Bhavantarepi hi ariyasāvako aññaṃ satthāraṃ na uddisatīti evaṃ saraṇagamanassa saṅkileso ca bhedo ca veditabbo. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretūti maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo "upāsako ayan"ti evaṃ dhāretu, jānātūti attho. Upāsakavidhikosallatthaṃ panettha ko upāsako, kasmā upāsakoti vuccati, kimassa sīlaṃ, ko ājīvo, kā vipatti, kā sampattīti idaṃ pakiṇṇakaṃ veditabbaṃ. @Footnote: ¹ saṃ.saḷā. 18/530/337 moggallānasaṃyutta (syā) @² aṅ.navaka. 23/224(20)/405 velāmasutta (syā)

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Tattha ko upāsakoti yokoci tisaraṇaṃ gato gahaṭṭho. Vuttañhetaṃ:- "yato kho mahānāma upāsako buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, saṃghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, ettāvatā kho mahānāma upāsako hotī"ti. ^1- Kasmā upāsakoti ratanattayassa upāsanato. So hi buddhaṃ upāsatīti upāsako. Dhammaṃ, saṃghaṃ upāsatīti upāsakoti. Kimassa sīlanti pañca veramaṇiyo. Yathāha:- "yato kho mahānāma upāsako pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā, kāmesumicchācārā, musāvādā, surāmerayamajja- pamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. Ettāvatā kho mahānāma upāsako sīlavā hotī"ti. ^1- Ko ājīvoti pañca micchāvaṇijjā pahāya dhammena samena jīvikakappanaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ:- "pañcimā bhikkhave vaṇijjā upāsakena akaraṇīyā. Katamā pañca. Satthavaṇijjā sattavaṇijjā maṃsavaṇijjā majjavaṇijjā visavaṇijjā. Imā kho bhikkhave pañca vaṇijjā upāsakena akaraṇīyā"ti. ^2- Kā vipattīti yā tasseva sīlassa ca ājīvassa ca vipatti, ayamassa vipatti. Apica yāya esa caṇḍālo ceva hoti malañca paṭikiṭṭho ^3- ca, sāpi tassa vipattīti @Footnote: ¹ saṃ.Ma. 19/1033/343 mahānāmasutta ² aṅ.pañcaka. 22/177/232 upāsakavagga (syā) @³ cha.Ma. patikuṭṭho. evamuparipi

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Veditabbā. Te ca atthato assaddhiyādayo pañca dhammā honti. Yathāha:- "pañcahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato upāsako upāsaka- caṇḍālo ca hoti upāsakamalañca upāsakapaṭikiṭṭho ca. Katamehi pañcahi. Assaddho hoti, dussīlo hoti, kotuhalamaṅgaliko hoti, maṅgalaṃ pacceti no kammaṃ, ito ca bahiddhā dakkhiṇeyyaṃ pariyesati, tattha ca pubbakāraṃ karotī"ti. ^1- Kā sampattīti yā cassa sīlasampadā ca ājīvasampadā ca, sā sampatti. Ye cassa ratanabhāvādikarā saddhādayo pañca dhammā yathāha:- "pañcahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannāgato upāsako upāsakaratanaṃ ca hoti upāsakapadumaṃ ca upāsakapuṇḍarikaṃ ca. Katamehi pañcahi. Saddho hoti, sīlavā hoti, na kotuhalamaṅgaliko hoti, kammaṃ pacceti no maṅgalaṃ, na ito bahiddhā dakkhiṇeyyaṃ gavesati, idha ca pubbakāraṃ karotī"ti. ^1- Ajjataggeti ettha ayaṃ aggasaddo ādikoṭikoṭṭhāsaseṭṭhesu dissati. "ajjatagge samma dovārika āvarāmi dvāraṃ niggaṇṭhānaṃ niggaṇṭhīnan"tiādīsu ^2- hi ādimhi dissati. "teneva aṅgulaggena taṃ aṅgulaggaṃ parāmaseyya. ^3- Ucchuggaṃ veḷuggan"tiādīsu koṭiyaṃ. "ambilaggaṃ vā madhuraggaṃ vā tittakaggaṃ vā, ^4- anujānāmi bhikkhave vihāraggena vā pariveṇaggena vā bhājetun"tiādīsu ^5- koṭṭhāse. "yāvatā bhikkhave satta apadā vā .pe. Tathāgato tesaṃ aggamakkhāyatī"tiādīsu ^6- seṭṭhe. @Footnote: ¹ aṅ. pañcaka. 22/175/230 upāsakavagga (syā) ² Ma.Ma. 13/70/47 upālivādasutta @³ abhi. ka. 37/441/267 paccuppannañāṇakathā ⁴ saṃ.Ma. 19/374/131 sūdasutta @⁵ vi.cu. 7/318/89 senāsanaggāhāpakasammati ⁶ aṅ.catukka. 21/34/39 aggappasādasutta

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Idha panāyaṃ ādimhi daṭṭhabbo. Tasmā ajjataggeti ajjataṃ ādiṃ katvāti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. ^1- Ajjatanti ajjabhāvaṃ. ^2- Ajjadaggetipi vā pāṭho, dakāro padasandhikaro, ajja aggaṃ katvāti attho. Pāṇupetanti pāṇehi upetaṃ, yāva me jīvitaṃ pavattati, tāva upetaṃ, anaññasatthukaṃ tīhi saraṇagamanehi saraṇagataṃ upāsakaṃ kappiyakārakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu jānātu. Ahañhi sacepi me tikhiṇena asinā sīsaṃ chindeyyuṃ, neva buddhaṃ "na buddho"ti vā dhammaṃ "na dhammo"ti vā saṃghaṃ "na saṃgho"ti vā vadeyyanti evaṃ attasanniyyātanena saraṇaṃ gantvā catūhi paccayehi pavāretvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā tikkhattuṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmīti. [17] Sattame jāṇussoṇīti jāṇussoṇīti ṭhānantaraṃ kira nāmetaṃ ^3- ṭhānantaraṃ, taṃ yena kulena laddhaṃ, taṃ jāṇussoṇikulanti vuccati. Ayaṃ hi ^4- tasmiṃ kule jātattā rañño santikā ^5- ca laddhajāṇussoṇisakkārattā jāṇussoṇīti vuccati. Tenupasaṅkamīti "samaṇo kira gotamo paṇḍito byatto bahussuto"ti sutvā "sace so liṅgavibhattikārakādibhedaṃ jānissati, amhehi ñātameva jānissati, aññātaṃ kiṃ jānissati. Ñātameva kathessati, aññātaṃ kiṃ kathessatī"ti cintetvā mānaddhajaṃ paggayha sīghaṃ ukkhipitvā mahāparivārehi parivuto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Katattā ca brāhmaṇa akatattā cāti satthā tassa vacanaṃ sutvā "ayaṃ brāhmaṇo idha āgacchanto na jānitukāmo atthagavesī hutvā āgato, mānaddhajaṃ ^6- paggayha sīghaṃ ukkhipitvā āgato. Kinnu khvassa yathā pañhāya atthaṃ ājānāti, ^7- evaṃ kathite vuḍḍhi bhavissati, udāhu yathā na jānātī"ti cintetvā "yathā na jānāti, evaṃ kathite vuḍḍhi bhavissatī"ti ñatvā "katattā ca brāhmaṇa akatattā cā"ti āha. @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. veditabbo ² Sī. ajjabhavaṃ ³ cha.Ma.,i. jāṇussoṇiṭhānantaraṃ kira nāmekaṃ @⁴ cha.Ma.,i. ayaṃ saddo na dissati ⁵ cha.Ma.,i. santike ⁶ cha.Ma.,i. mānaṃ pana @⁷ cha.Ma.,i. jānāti

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Brāhmaṇo taṃ sutvā "samaṇo gotamo katattāpi akatattāpi niraye nibbattiṃ vadati, idaṃ ubhayakāraṇenāpi ekaṭṭhāne nibbattiyā kathitattā dujjānaṃ mahandhakāraṃ, natthi mayhaṃ ettha patiṭṭhā. Sace panāhaṃ ekanteneva ^1- tuṇhī bhaveyyaṃ, brāhmaṇānaṃ majjhe kathanakālepi maṃ evaṃ vadeyyuṃ `tvaṃ samaṇassa gotamassa santike ^2- mānaṃ paggayha sīghaṃ ^3- ukkhipitvā āgatosi, ekavacaneneva tuṇhī hutvā kiñci vattuṃ nāsakkhi, imasmiṃ ṭhāne kasmā kathesī'ti. Tasmā parājitopi aparājitasadiso hutvā puna saggagamanapañhaṃ pucchissāmī"ti cintetvā ko nu kho bho gotamāti imaṃ dutiyapañhaṃ ārabhi. Evaṃpi cassa ahosi "uparipañhena heṭṭhāpañhaṃ jānissāmi, heṭṭhāpañhena uparipañhan"ti. Tasmāpi imaṃ pañhaṃ pucchi. Satthā purimanayeneva cintetvā yathā na jānāti, evameva kathento punapi "katattā ca brāhmaṇa akatattā cā"ti āha. Brāhmaṇo tasmiṃ patiṭṭhātuṃ asakkonto "alaṃ kho pana ^4- īdisassa purisassa santikaṃ āgatena jānitvā ^5- gantuṃ vaṭṭati, sakavādaṃ pahāya samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ anuvattitvā mayhaṃ atthaṃ gavesissāmi, paralokamaggaṃ sodhessāmī"ti sanniṭṭhānaṃ katvā satthāraṃ āyācanto na kho ahantiādimāha. Athassa nihatamānataṃ ñatvā satthā upari desanaṃ vaḍḍhento tenahi brāhmaṇātiādimāha. Tattha tenahīti kāraṇaniddeso. Yasmā saṅkhittena bhāsitassa atthaṃ ajānanto vitthāradesanaṃ yācasi, tasmāti attho. Sesamettha uttānamevāti. [18] Aṭṭhame āyasmāti piyavacanametaṃ. Ānandoti tassa therassa nāmaṃ. Ekaṃsenāti ekantena. Anuviccāti anupavisitvā. Viññūti paṇḍitā. Garahantīti nindanti, avaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti. Sesamettha uttānameva. Navame sabbaṃ uttānameva. @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma.,i. ettakeneva ² cha.Ma.,i. santikaṃ ³ cha.Ma. siṅgaṃ @⁴ cha.Ma.,i. na ⁵ cha.Ma. ajānitvā

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[20] Dasame dunnikkhittañca padabyañjananti uppaṭipāṭiyā gahitapālipadameva hi atthassa byañjanattā byañjananti vuccati. Ubhayametaṃ pāliyāva nāmaṃ. Attho ca dunnītoti parivattetvā uppaṭipāṭiyā gahitā aṭṭhakathā. Dunnikkhittassa bhikkhave padabyañjanassa atthopi dunnayo hotīti parivattetvā uppaṭipāṭiyā gahitāya pāliyā aṭṭhakathā nāma dunnayā ^1- dunnīhārā dukkathā nāma hoti. Ekādasame vuttapaṭipakkhanayena attho veditabbo. Adhikaraṇavaggo dutiyo. --------------

The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 15 page 15-28. http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=15&A=325&pagebreak=1 อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=15&A=325&pagebreak=1 อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=20&i=257 เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=20&A=1374 พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=20&A=1350 The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=20&A=1350 Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 20 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_20