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372. 3. Mahakappinattheragathavannana
anagatam yo patikacca passatitiadika ayasmato mahakappinattherassa gatha.
Ka uppatti?
Ayam kira padumuttarabuddhakale hamsavatinagare kulaghare nibbattitva vinnutam patto
satthu santike dhammam sunanto sattharam ekam bhikkhum bhikkhuovadakanam aggatthane
thapentam disva tajjam adhikarakammam katva tam thanantaram patthesi.
So tattha yavajivam kusalam katva devamanussesu samsaranto kassapasammasambuddha-
kale baranasiyam kulagehe nibbattitva vinnutam patto purisasahassaganajetthako
@Footnote: 1 pali. mamagami
Hutva gabbhasahassapatimanditam mahantam parivenam karapesi. Te sabbepi jana
yavajivam kusalam katva tam upasakam jetthakam katva saputtadara devaloke nibbattitva
ekam buddhantaram devamanussesu samsarimsu. Tesu ganajetthako amhakam satthu nibbattito
puretarameva paccantadese kukkutanamake nagare rajagehe nibbatti, tassa kappinoti
namam ahosi. Sesapurisa tasmimyeva nagare amaccakule nibbattimsu. 1- Kappinakumaro
pitu accayena chattam ussapetva mahakappinaraja nama jato. So sutavittakataya
patova catuhi dvarehi sigham dute pesesi "yattha bahussute passatha, tato 2-
nivattitva mayham arocetha"ti.
Tena ca samayena amhakam sattha loke uppajjitva savatthiyam 3- upanissaya
viharati. Tasmim kale savatthivasino vanija savatthiyam utthanakabhandam gahetva
tam nagaram gantva bhandam patisametva "rajanam passissama"ti pannakarahattha
ranno arocapesum. Te raja pakkosapetva niyyaditapannakare vanditva
thite "kuto agatattha"ti pucchi. Savatthito devati. Kacci vo rattham subhikkham,
dhammiko rajati. Ama devati. Kidiso dhammo tumhakam dese idani pavattatiti.
Tam deva na sakka ucchitthamukhehi 4- kathetunti. Raja suvannabhingarena udakam
dapesi. Te mukham vikkhaletva dasabalabhimukha anjalim paggahetva "deva amhakam dese
buddharatanam nama uppannan"ti ahamsu. Ranno "buddho"ti vacane sutamatteyeva
sakalasariram pharamana piti uppajji. Tato "buddhoti tata vadetha"ti aha. Buddhoti deva
vadamati. 5- Evam tikkhattum vadapetva "buddhoti tata vadetha"ti aha. Buddhoti
pade pasanno satasahassam datva "aparam vadetha"ti pucchi. Deva loke dhammaratanam
nama uppannanti. Tampi sutva tatheva satasahassam datva "aparam vadetha"ti pucchi.
Deva samgharatanam nama uppannanti. Tampi sutva tatheva satasahassam datva "buddhassa
@Footnote: 1 Si.,i. nibbattimsu, tesu 2 Ma. passa bahussute, passanto tato 3 cha.Ma. savatthim
@4 Si.,i. uccitthamukhena 5 Si. buddhoti buddhoti deva vadamiti,
@i.... vadamati, sam.ttha. 2/223 passitabbam
Bhagavato santike pabbajissami"ti tatova nikkhami. Amaccapi tatheva nikkhamimsu. So
amaccasahassena 1- saddhim gangatiram patva "sace sattha sammasambuddho, imesam
assanam khuramattampi ma temetu"ti saccadhitthanam katva udakapittheneva puram ganga-
nadim 2- atikkamitva aparampi addhayojanavittharam nadim tatheva atikkamitva tatiyam
candabhagam nama mahanadim patva tampi taya eva saccakiriyaya atikkami.
Satthapi tamdivasam paccusasamayamyeva mahakarunasamapattito vutthaya lokam volokento
"ajja mahakappino tiyojanasatikam rajjam pahaya amaccasahassaparivaro mama santike
pabbajitum agamissati"ti disva "maya 3- tesam paccuggamanam katum yuttan"ti patova
sarirapatijagganam katva bhikkhusamghaparivuto savatthiyam pindaya caritva pacchabhattam
pindapatapatikkanto sayameva akasena gantva candabhagaya nadiya tire tesam
uttaranatitthassabhimukhatthane mahanigrodhamule pallankena nisinno chabbannabuddha-
rasmiyo vissajjesi. Te tena titthena uttaranta buddharasmiyo ito cito ca
vidhavantiyo olokento bhagavantam disva "yam sattharam uddissa mayam agata,
addha so eso"ti dassaneneva nittham gantva ditthatthanato patthaya onamitva
paramanipaccakaram karonta bhagavantam upasankamimsu. Raja bhagavato gopphakesu gahetva
sattharam vanditva ekamantam nisidi saddhim amaccasahassena. Sattha tesam dhammam desesi.
Desanapariyosane saddhim parisaya arahatte patitthasi. Tena vuttam apadane 4-:-
"padumuttaro nama jino sabbadhammana paragu
udito ajatakase raviva saradambare.
Vacanabhaya bodheti veneyyapadumani so
kilesapankam soseti matiramsihi nayako.
Titthiyanam yase hanti khajjotabha 5- yatha ravi
saccatthabham pakaseti 6- ratanamva 7- divakaro.
@Footnote: 1 Ma. amaccasahassehi 2 Si.,i. puragangam nadim 3 Si.,i. agamissati maya
@4 khu.apa. 33/123/186 (sya) 5 pali. vajirata 6 pali. sabbattha sampakaseti
@7 pali. rattindivam
Gunanam ayatibhuto ratananamva sagaro
pajjunnoriva bhutani dhammameghena vassati.
Akkhadasso tada asim nagare hamsasavhaye
upecca dhammamassosim jalajuttamanamino.
Ovadakassa bhikkhunam savakassa katavino 1-
gunam pakasayantassa tappayantassa 2- me manam
sutva patito sumano nimantetva tathagatam
sasissam bhojayitvana tam thanamabhipatthayim.
Tada hamsasamabhago hamsadundubhinissano
passathetam mahamattam vinicchayavisaradam.
Patitam padamule me samuggatatanuruham
jimutavannam pinamsam 3- pasannanayanananam.
Parivarena mahata rajayuttam mahayasam
eso katavino thanam pattheti muditasayo.
Imina panipatena cagena panidhihi ca
kappasatasahassani nupapajjati duggatim.
Devesu devasobhaggam manussesu mahantatam
anubhotvana sesena nibbanam papunissati.
Satasahassito kappe okkakakulasambhavo
gotamo nama gottena sattha loke bhavissati.
Tassa dhammesu dayado oraso dhammanimmito
kappino nama namena hessati satthu savako.
Tatoham sukatam karam katvana jinasasane
jahitva manusam deham tusitam agamasaham.
@Footnote: 1 ka. satavino 2 pali. hasayantassa 3 pali. jumuttavannam ruciram
Devamanusarajjani sataso 1- anusasiya
baranasiyamasanne jato keniyajatiyam.
Sahassaparivarena 2- sapajapatiko aham
pancapaccekabuddhanam satani samupatthahim.
Temasam bhojayitvana pacchadamha ticivaram
tato cuta mayam sabbe ahumha tidasupaga.
Puno sabbe manussattam agamimha tato cuta
kukkutamhi pure jata himavantassa passato.
Kappino namaham asim rajaputto mahayaso
sesamaccakule jata mameva parivarayum.
Maharajjasukham patto sabbakamasamiddhima
vanijehi samakkhatam buddhuppadamaham sunim.
Buddho loke samuppanno asamo ekapuggalo
so pakaseti saddhammam amatam sukhamuttamam.
Suyutta tassa sissa ca sumutta ca anasava
sutva nesam suvacanam 3- sakkaritvana vanije.
Pahaya rajjam samacco nikkhamim buddhamamako
nadim disva mahacandam puritam samatittikam.
Appatittham analambam duttaram sighavahinim
gunam saritva buddhassa sotthina samatikkamim.
Bhavasotam sace buddho tinno lokantagu vidu
etena saccavajjena gamanam me samijjhatu.
Yadi santigamo maggo mokkho caccantikam sukham
etena saccavajjena gamanam me samijjhatu.
@Footnote: 1 pali. suttaso 2 pali. satasahassaparivaro 3 pali. nesampi vacanam
Samgho ce tinnakantaro punnakkhetto anuttaro
etena saccavajjena gamanam me samijjhatu.
Saha kate saccavare magga apagatam jalam
tato sukhena uttinno naditire manorame.
Nisinnam addasam buddham udentamva pabhankaram
jalantam hemaselamva diparukkhamva jotitam.
Sasimva tarasahitam savakehi purakkhatam
vasavam viya vassantam desanajaladantaram. 1-
Vanditvana sahamacco ekamantamupavisim
tato no asayam natva buddho dhammamadesayi.
Sutvana dhammam vimalam avocumha mayam jinam
pabbajehi mahavira nibbindamha 2- mayam bhave.
Savakkhato bhikkhave dhammo dukkhantakaranaya vo
caratha brahmacariyam iccaha munisattamo.
Saha vacaya sabbepi bhikkhuvesadhara mayam
ahumha upasampanna sotapannava 3- sasane.
Tato jetavanam gantva anusasi vinayako
anusittho jinenaham arahattamapapunim.
Tato bhikkhusahassani anusasimaham tada
mamanusasanakara tepi asum anasava.
Jino tasmim gune tuttho etadagge thapesi mam
bhikkhu ovadakanaggo kappinoti mahajane.
Satasahasse katam kammam phalam dassesi me idha
pamutto 4- saravegova kilese jhapayim mama.
@Footnote: 1 pali. devena jananandana 2 Si. nibbinnamha, otinnamhati talapotthake
@dissati 3 cha.Ma. ca 4 pali. sumutto
Kilesa jhapita mayham .pe. Katam buddhassa sasanan"ti.
Arahattam patva pana te sabbeva 1- sattharam pabbajjam yacimsu. Sattha te
"etha bhikkhavo"ti aha. Sa eva tesam pabbajja upasampada ca ahosi. Sattha
tam bhikkhusahassam adaya akasena jetavanam agamasi. Athekadivasam bhagava tassantevasike
bhikkhu aha "kacci bhikkhave kappino bhikkhunam dhammam deseti"ti. Na bhagava deseti.
Appossukko ditthadhammasukhaviharamanuyutto viharati, ovadamattampi na detiti. Sattha
theram pakkosapetva "saccam kira tvam kappina antevasikanam ovadamattampi na
desi"ti. Saccam bhagavati. Brahmana ma evam kari, ajja patthaya upagatanam dhammam
desehiti. "sadhu bhante"ti thero satthu vacanam sirasa sampaticchitva ekovadeneva
samanasahassam arahatte patitthapesi. Tena nam sattha patipatiya attano savake
there thanantare thapento bhikkhuovadakanam aggatthane thapesi. Athekadivasam
thero bhikkhuniyo ovadanto:-
[547] "anagatam yo patikacca passati
hitanca attham ahitanca tam dvayam
viddesino tassa hitesino va
randham na passanti samekkhamana.
[548] Anapanasati yassa paripunna subhavita
anupubbam paricita yatha buddhena desita
somam lokam pabhaseti abbha muttova candima.
[549] Odatam vata me cittam appamanam subhavitam
nibbiddham paggahitanca sabba obhasate disa.
[550] Jivate vapi sappanno api vittaparikkhayo
pannaya ca alabhena vittavapi na jivati.
@Footnote: 2 Si.,i. sabbe
[551] Panna sutavinicchini panna kittisilokavaddhani
pannasahito naro idha api dukkhesu sukhani vindati.
[552] Nayam ajjatano dhammo nacchero napi abbhuto
yattha jayetha miyetha tattha kim viya abbhutam.
[553] Anantaram hi jatassa jivita maranam dhuvam
jata jata marantidha evam dhamma hi panino.
[554] Na hetadatthaya matassa hoti
yam jivitattham paraporisanam
matamhi runnam na yaso na lokyam
na vannitam samanabrahmanehi.
[555] Cakkhum sariram upahanti tena 1-
nihiyati vannabalam mati ca
anandino tassa disa bhavanti
hitesino nassa sukhi bhavanti.
[556] Tasma hi iccheyya kule vasante
medhavino ceva bahussute ca
yesam hi pannavibhavena kiccam
taranti navaya nadimva punnan"ti
ima gatha abhasi.
Tattha anagatanti na agatam, avindanti attho. Patikaccati puretaramyeva. Passatiti
oloketi. Atthanti kiccam. Tam dvayanti hitahitam. Viddesinoti amitta.
Hitesinoti mitta. Randhanti chiddam. Samekkhamanati gavesanta. Idam vuttam hoti:-
yo puggalo attano hitavaham ahitavaham tadubhayanca attham kiccam anagatam asampattam
@Footnote: 1 pali. ronnam
Puretaramyeva pannacakkhuna aham viya passati vimamsati vicareti, tassa amitta va
ahitajjhasayena mitta va hitajjhasayena randham gavesanta na 1- passanti, tadiso
pannava puggalo acchiddavutti, tasma tumhehi tatharupehi bhavitabbanti.
Idani anapanasatibhavanaya gunam dassento tattha tani yojetum "anapanasati
yassa"ti dutiyam gathamaha. Tattha ananti assaso. Apananti passaso.
Assasapassasanimittarammana sati anapanasati. Satisisena cettha tamsampayuttasamadhi-
bhavana adhippeta. Yassati yassa yogino. Paripunna subhavitati catunnam
satipatthananam solasannanca akaranam paripuriya sabbaso punna sattannam bojjhanganam
vijjavimuttinanca paripuriya sutthu bhavita vaddhita. Anupubbam paricita,
yatha buddhena desitati "so satova assasati"tiadina 2- yatha bhagavata desita,
tatha anupubbam anukkamena paricita asevita bhavita. Somam lokam pabhaseti,
abbha muttova candimati so yogavacaro yatha abbhadiupakkilesa vimutto cando
candalokena imam okasalokam pabhaseti, evam avijjadiupakkilesavimutto nanalokena
attasantanapatitam parasantanapatitanca sankharalokam pabhaseti pakaseti. Tasma tumhehi
anapanasatibhavana bhavetabbati adhippayo.
Idani attanam nidassanam katva bhavanabhiyogassa saphalatam dassento "odatam
vata me cittan"ti tatiyam gathamaha. Tassattho:- nivaranamalavigamato odatam suddham vata
mama cittam, yatha pamanakara ragadayo pahina, appamananca nibbanam paccakkham
katam ahosi, tatha bhavitatta appamanam subhavitam, tato eva catusaccam 3- nibbiddham
pativijjhitam, 4- sakalasankilesapakkhato paggahitanca hutva 5- dukkhadika
pubbantadika ca disa obhasate tattha vitinnakankhatta sabbadhammesu vigatasammohatta
ca, tasma tumhehipi evam cittam bhavetabbanti dasseti.
@Footnote: 1 Si.,i. ayam saddo na dissati 2 di. maha. 10/374/248 mahasatipatthanasutta,
@Ma.mu. 12/107/77 kayanupassanasatipatthana 3 potthakesu cattari saccaniti patha
@dissanti 4 Si. pativijjhitani, i. pativijjhita
@5 Si....paccakkhato niggahitanca katva
Yatha bhavanamaya panna cittamalavisodhanadina purisassa bahupakara, evam
itarapiti dassento "jivate vapi sappanno"ti catutthagathamaha. Tassattho:-
parikkhinadhanopi sappannajatiko itaritarasantosena santuttho anavajjaya jivikaya
jivatiyeva. Tassa hi jivitam jivitam nama. Tenaha bhagava "pannajivim jivitamahu
setthan"ti. 1- Dummedhapuggalo pana pannaya alabhena ditthadhammikam samparayikanca
attham viradhento vittavapi na jivati, garahadippattiya jivanto nama na tassa
hoti, anupayannutaya va yathadhigatam dhanam nasento jivitampi sandharetum na
sakkotiyeva, tasma parihariyapannapi tumhehi appamattehi sampadetabbati
adhippayo.
Idani pannaya anisamse dassetum "panna sutavinicchini"ti pancamam gathamaha.
Tattha panna sutavinicchiniti panna namesa sutassa vinicchayini, yathasute sotapathamagate
atthe "ayam akusalo, ayam kusalo, ayam savajjo, ayam anavajjo"tiadina vinicchayajanani.
Kittisilokavaddhaniti kittiya sammukha pasamsaya silokassa patthatayasabhavassa vaddhani,
pannavatoyeva hi kittiadayo vinnunam pasamsabhavato. Pannasahitoti parihariyapannaya
vipassanapannaya ca yutto. 2- Api dukkhesu sukhani vindatiti ekantadukkhasabhavesu
khandhayatanadisu sammapatipattiya yathabhutasabhavavabodhena niramisanipi sukhani patilabhati.
Idani tasam bhikkhuninam aniccatapatisamyuttam dhirabhavavaham dhammam kathento "nayam
ajjatano dhammo"tiadina sesagatha abhasi. Tatrayam sankhepattho:- yvayam sattanam
jayanamiyanasabhavo, ayam dhammo ajjatano adhunagato na hoti, abhinhapavattikataya
na acchariyo, abbhutapubbatabhavato napi abbhuto. Tasma yattha jayetha miyetha
yasmim loke satto jayeyya, so ekamsena miyetha, tattha kim viya kim nama
@Footnote: 1 sam.saga. 15/73/48 vittasutta, 246/258, khu.sutta. 25/184/370 alavakasutta
@2 Si.,i. yuttatta
Abbhutam siya sabhavikatta maranassa. Na hi khanikamaranassa kinci karanam atthi.
Yato anantaram hi jatassa, jivita maranam dhuram jatassa jatisamanantaram jivitato
maranam ekantikam uppannanam khandhanam ekamsena bhijjanato. Yo panettha jivatiti
lokavoharo, so tadupadanassa anekapaccayayattataya anekantiko, yasma etadevam, 1-
tasma jata marantidha, evam dhamma hi paninoti ayam sattanam pakati, yadidam
jatanam marananti jatiya marananubandhanatam 2- aha.
Idani yasma tasu bhikkhunisu kaci sokabandhitacittapi atthi, tasma tasam
sokavinodanam katum "na hetadatthaya"tiadi vuttam. Tattha na hetadatthaya matassa
hotiti yam matassa jivitattham jivitanimittam paraporisanam parapuggalanam runnam, etam
tassa matassa sattassa jivitattham 3- tava titthatu, kassacipi atthaya na hoti, ye
pana rudanti, tesampi matamhi matapuggalanimittam runnam na yaso na lokyam yasavaham
visuddhavahanca na hoti. Na vannitam samanabrahmanehiti vinnuppasatthampi na
hoti, athakho vinnugarahitamevati attho.
Na kevalameteva ye rudato adinava, athakho imepiti dassento "cakkhum
sariram upahanti"ti gatham 4- vatva tato param sokadianatthapatibahanattham kalyanamitta-
payirupasanayam ta niyojento "tasma"tiadina 5- osanagathamaha. Tattha tasmati
yasma runnam rudantassa puggalassa cakkhum sariranca upahanti vibadhati, tena
runnena vanno balam mati ca nihiyati parihayati, tassa rudantassa puggalassa
disa sapatta anandino pamodavanto pitivanto bhavanti. Hitesino mitta dukkhi
dukkhita bhavanti, tasma dhammojapannaya samannagatatta medhavino ditthadhammikadiattha-
sannissitassa bahusaccassa paripuriya bahussute attano kule vasante iccheyya
patikankheyya kulupake kareyya. Yesanti yesam medhavinam bahussutanam panditanam
@Footnote: 1 Si. tasma etadavoca, i. yasma etadavoca 2 Si.,i. jaramarananubandhanam
@3 i.,Ma. jivitam 4 Si.,i. tasam 5 Si.,i. adikam
Pannavibhavena pannabalena yatha mahoghassa punnam nadim navaya taranti, evam kulaputta
attano atthakiccam taranti 1- param papunanti, te iccheyya kule vasanteti yojana.
Evam thero tasam bhikkhuninam dhammam kathetva vissajjesi, ta therassa ovade
thatva sokam vinodetva yoniso patipajjantiyo sadattham paripuresum.
Mahakappinattheragathavannana nitthita.
-------------------
The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 33 page 198-209.
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=33&A=4553&modeTY=2
อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=33&A=4553&modeTY=2
อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=26&i=372
เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=26&A=6965
พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=26&A=7112
The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=26&A=7112
Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 26
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_26
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