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Maggasaccaniddesavannana [36] Maggasaccaniddese ayamevati annamaggappatikkhepanattham 1- niyamanam. Ariyoti tamtammaggavajjhakilesehi arakatta, ariyabhavakaratta, ariyaphalappatilabhakaratta ca ariyo. Attha angani assati atthangiko. Svayam caturangika viya sena, pancangikam viya turiyam angamattameva hoti, angavinimutto natthi. Idani angamattameva maggo angavinimutto natthiti dassento sammaditthi .pe. Sammasamadhitiadimaha. Tattha samma dassanalakkhana sammaditthi, samma abhiniropanalakkhano sammasankappo, samma pariggahalakkhana sammavaca, samma samutthapanalakkhano sammakammanto, samma upatthanalakkhana sammasati, samma paggahalakkhano sammavayamo, samma upatthanalakkhana sammasati, samma samadhanalakkhano sammasamadhi. Tesu ekekassa tini tini kiccani honti. Seyyathidam, sammaditthi tava annehipi attano paccanikakilesehi saddhim micchaditthim pajahati, nirodhanca arammanam karoti, sampayuttadhamme ca passati tappaticchadakamohavidhamanavasena asammohato. Sammasankappadayopi tatheva micchasankappadini ca pajahanti, nibbananca arammanam karonti. Visesato panettha sammasankappo sahajatadhamme samma abhiniropeti, sammavaca samma parigganhati, sammakammanto samma samutthapeti, sammaajivo samma vodapeti, sammavayamo samma pagganhati, sammasati samma upatthapeti, sammasamadhi samma samadahati. Apicesa sammaditthi nama pubbabhage nanakkhana nanarammana hoti, maggakale ekakkhana ekarammana. Kiccato pana "dukkhe nanan"tiadini cattari namani labhati. Sammasankappadayopi pubbabhage nanakkhana nanarammana honti, @Footnote: 1 abhi.A. 2/105/122--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page175.
Maggakale ekakkhana ekarammana. Tesu sammasankappo kiccato nekkhamma- sankappotiadini tini namani labhati. Sammavacadayo tayo pubbabhage viratiyopi honti cetanayopi, maggakkhane pana viratiyoyeva. Sammavayamo sammasatiti idampi dvayam kiccato sammappadhanasatipatthanavasena cattari namani labhati. Sammasamadhi pana pubbabhagepi maggakkhanepi sammasamadhiyeva. Iti imesu atthasu dhammesu bhagavata nibbanadhigamaya patipannassa yogino bahupakaratta pathamam sammaditthi desita. Ayam hi "pannapajjoto pannasatthan"ti 1- ca vutta. Tasma etaya pubbabhage vipassanananasankhataya sammaditthiya avijjandhakaram vidhamitva kilesacore ghatento khemena yogavacaro nibbanam papunati. Tasma pathamam sammaditthi desita. Sammasankappo pana tassa bahupakaro. Tasma tadanantaram vutto. Yatha hi heranniko hatthena parivattetva parivattetva cakkhuna kahapanam olokento "ayam kuto ayam cheko"ti janati, evam yogavacaropi pubbabhage vitakkena vitakketva vitakketva vipassanapannaya olokayamano "ime dhamma kamavacara, ime rupavacaradayo"ti janati. Yatha va pana purisena kotiyam gahetva parivattetva parivattetva dinnam maharukkham tacchako vasiya tacchetva kamme upaneti, evam vitakkena vitakketva vitakketva dinnadhamme yogavacaro pannaya "ime kamavacara, ime rupavacara"tiadina nayena paricchinditva kamme upaneti. Tasma sammasankappo sammaditthanantaram vutto. Svayam yatha sammaditthiya, evam sammavacayapi upakarako. Yathaha "pubbe kho gahapati vitakketva vicaretva paccha vacam bhindati"ti. 2- Tasma tadanantaram sammavaca vutta. @Footnote: 1 abhi.san. 34/24 2 Ma.mu. 12/463/413--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page176.
Yasma pana "idancidanca karissama"ti pathamam vacaya samvidahitva loke kammante payojenti. Tasma vaca kayakammassa upakarikati sammavacaya anantaram sammakammanto vutto. Catubbidham pana vaciduccaritam, tividham kayaduccaritam pahaya ubhayam sucaritam purentasseva yasma ajivatthamakasilam purati, na itarassa, tasma tadubhayanantaram sammaajivo vutto. Evam visuddhajivena pana "parisuddho me ajivo"ti ettavata paritosam katva suttappamattena viharitum na yuttam, atha kho sabbairiyapathesu idam viriyamarabhitabbanti dassetum tadanantaram sammavayamo vutto. Tato araddhaviriyenapi kayadisu catusu vatthusu sati supatthita katabbati dassetum tadanantaram sammasati vutta. Yasma pana evam supatthitaya satiya samadhissa upakaranupakaranam dhammanam gatiyo samanvesitva 1- pahoti ekattarammane cittam samadhatum, tasma sammasatianantaram sammasamadhi vuttoti veditabboti. Sammaditthiniddese "dukkhe nanan"tiadina catusaccakammatthanam dassitam. Tattha purimani dve saccani vattam, pacchimani dve vivattam, tesu bhikkhuno vatte kammatthanabhiniveso hoti, vivatte natthi abhiniveso. Purimani hi dve saccani "pancakkhandha dukkham, tanha samudayo"ti evam sankhepena ca, "katame pancakkhandha, rupakkhandho"tiadina nayena vittharena ca acariyasantike ugganhitva vacaya punappunam parivattento yogavacaro kammam karoti. Itaresu pana dvisu saccesu @Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. samannesitva--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page177.
"nirodhasaccam ittham kantam manapam, maggasaccam ittham kantam manapan"ti evam savaneneva kammam karoti. So evam kammam karonto cattari saccani ekapativedhena pativijjhati, ekabhisamayena abhisameti. Dukkham parinnapativedhena pativijjhati, samudayam pahanap- pativedhena pativijjhati. Nirodham sacchikiriyapativedhena pativijjhati, maggam bhavana- pativedhena pativijjhati. Dukkham parinnabhisamayena .pe. Maggam bhavanabhisamayena abhisameti. Evamassa pubbabhage dvisu saccesu uggahaparipucchasavanadharanasammasanappativedho hoti, dvisu savanappativedhoyeva. Aparabhage tisu kiccato pativedho hoti nirodhe arammanappativedho. Tattha sabbampi pativedhananam lokuttaram, savanadharanasammasanananam lokiyam kamavacaram. Paccavekkhana pana pattasaccassa hoti, ayanca adikammiko. Tasma sa idha na vutta. Imassa ca bhikkhuno pubbe pariggahato "dukkham parijanami, samudayam pajahami, nirodham sacchikaromi, maggam bhavemi"ti abhogasamannaharamanasikara- paccavekkhana natthi, pariggahato patthaya hoti. Aparabhage pana dukkham parinnatameva hoti .pe. Maggo bhavitova hoti. Tattha dve saccani duddasatta gambhirani, dve gambhiratta duddasani. Dukkhasaccam hi uppattito pakatam, khanukantakappaharadisu "aho dukkhan"ti vattabbatampi apajjati. Samudayasaccam khaditukamatabhunjitukamatadivasena uppattito pakatam. Lakkhanappativedhato pana ubhayampi gambhiram. Iti tani duddasatta gambhirani. Itaresam pana dvinnam dassanatthaya payogo bhavaggaggahanattham hatthappasaranam viya, aviciphusanattham padappasaranam viya, satadha bhinnassa valassa kotiya kotipatipadanam viya ca hoti. Iti tani gambhiratta duddasani. Evam duddasatta gambhiresu gambhiratta ca duddasesu catusu saccesu uggahadivasena pubbabhagananuppattim sandhaya idam "dukkhe nanan"tiadi vuttam. Pativedhakkhane pana ekameva tam nanam hoti.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page178.
Apare panahu:- catubbidham saccesu nanam sutamayananam vavatthanananam sammasanananam abhisamayanananti. Tattha katamam sutamayananam? sankhittena va vittharena va cattari saccani sutva janati "idam dukkham, ayam samudayo, ayam nirodho, ayam maggo"ti idam sutamayananam. Katamam vavatthanananam? so sutanam attham upaparikkhati dhammato ca lakkhanato ca "ime dhamma imasmim sacce pariyapanna, imassa saccassa idam lakkhanan"ti sannitthanam karoti. Idam vavatthanananam. Katamam sammasanananam? so evam yathanupabbam cattari saccani vavatthapetva atha dukkhameva gahetva yava gotrabhunanam aniccato dukkhato anattato sammasati, idam sammasanananam. Katamam abhisamayananam? lokuttaramaggakkhane ekena nanena cattari saccani Apubbam acarimam abhisameti "dukkham parinnabhisamayena, samudayam pahanabhisamayena, nirodham sacchikiriyabhisamayena maggam bhavanabhisamayena abhisameti"ti, idam abhisamayanananti. Sammasankappaniddese kamato nissatoti nekkhammasankapPo. Byapadato nissatoti abyapadasankapPo. Vihimsaya nissatoti avihimsasankapPo. Tattha nekkhammavitakko kamavitakkassa padaghatam padacchedam karonto uppajjati, abyapadavitakko byapadavitakkassa, avihimsavitakko vihimsavitakkassa. Tatha nekkhammaabyapadaavihimsavitakka kamabyapadavihimsavitakkanam paccanika hutva uppajjanti. Tattha yogavacaro kamavitakkassa padaghatanattham kamavitakkam va sammasati annam va pana kinci sankharam. Athassa vipassanakkhane vipassanasampayuttasankappo tadangavasena kamavitakkassa padaghatam padacchedam. Karonto uppajjati, vipassanam ussukkapetva maggam papeti. Athassa maggakkhane maggasampayutto sankappo samucchedavasena kamavitakkassa padaghatam padapacchedam karonto uppajjati. Byapadavitakkassapi padaghatanattham byapadavitakkam va annam va sankharam--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page179.
Vihimsavitakkassa padaghatanattham vihimsavitakkam va annam va sankharam sammasati. Athassa vipassanakkhaneti sabbam purimanayeneva yojetabbam. Kamavitakkadinam tinnampi paliyam vibhattesu atthattimsarammanesu eka- kammatthanampi apaccanikam nama natthi. Ekantato pana kamavitakkassa tava asubhesu pathamajjhanameva paccanikam, byapadavitakkassa mettaya tikacatukkajjhanani, vihimsavitakkassa karunaya tikacatukkajjhanani. Tasma asubhaparikammam katva jhanam samapannassa samapattikkhane jhanasampayutto vitakko vikhambhanavasena kamavitakkassa paccaniko hutva uppajjati, jhanam padakam katva vipassanam patthapentassa vipassanakkhane vipassanasampayutto sankappo tadangavasena kamavitakkassa paccaniko hutva uppajjati, vipassanam ussukkapetva maggam papentassa maggakkhane maggasampayutto sankappo samucchedavasena kamavitakkassa paccaniko hutva uppajjati. Evam uppanno nekkhammasankappoti vuccatiti veditabbo. Mettaya pana parikammam katva, karunaya parikammam katva jhanam samapannassati sabbam purimanayeneva yojetabbam. Evam uppanno abyapadasankappoti vuccati, avihimsasankappoti vuccatiti veditabbo. Evamete nekkhammasankappadayo vipassanajhanavasena uppattinam nanatta pubbabhage nana, maggakkhane pana imesu tisu thanesu uppannassa akusalasankappassa padacchedato anuppattisadhanavasena maggangam purayamano ekova kusalasankappo uppajjati, ayam sammasankappo nama. Sammavacaniddesepi yasma anneneva cittena musavada viramati, annena annena pisunavacadihi, tasma catassopeta veramaniyo pubbabhage nana, maggakkhane pana micchavacasankhataya catubbidhaya akusaladussilyacetanaya padacchedato anuppattisadhanavasena maggangam purayamana ekava sammavacasankhata kusalaveramani uppajjati, ayam sammavaca nama.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page180.
Sammakammantaniddesepi yasma anneneva cittena panatipata viramati, annena adinnadana, annena micchacara, tasma tissopeta veramaniyo pubbabhage nana, maggakkhane pana micchakammantasankhataya tividhaya akusala- dussilyacetanaya padacchedato anuppattisadhanavasena maggangam purayamana ekava sammakammantasankhata kusalaveramani uppajjati, ayam sammakammanto nama. Sammaajivaniddese idhati imasmim sasane. Ariyasavakoti ariyassa buddhassa savako. Micchaajivam pahayati papakam ajivam pajahitva. Samma- ajivenati buddhappasatthena kusalaajivena. Jivikam kappetiti jivitappavattim pavatti. Idhapi yasma anneneva cittena kayadvaravitikkama vinamati, anneneva vacidvara- vitikkama, tasma pubbabhage nanakkhanesu uppajjati, maggakkhane pana dvisu dvaresu sattannam kammapathanam vasena uppannaya micchaajivadussilyacetana padapacchedato anuppattisadhanavasena maggangam purayamana ekava sammaajivasankhata kusalaveramani uppajjati, ayam sammaajivo nama. Sammavayamaniddese idha bhikkhuti imasmim sasane patipannako bhikkhu. Anuppannananti anibbattanam. Papakananti lamakanam. Akusalalanam dhammananti akosallasambhutanam dhammanam. Anuppadayati na uppadanatthaya. Chandam janetiti kattukamyatasankhatam kusalacchandam janeti uppadeti. Vayamatiti payogam janeti parakkamam karoti. Viriyam arabhatiti kayikacetasikam viriyam karoti. Cittam pagganhatiti teneva sahajataviriyena cittam ukkhipati. Padahatiti padhanaviriyam karoti. Patipatiya panetani cattari padani asevanabhavanabahulikammasataccakiriyahi yojetabbani. Uppannananti anuppannananti avattabbatam apannanam. Pahanayati pajahanatthaya. Anuppannanam kusalanam dhammananti anibbattanam kosallasambhutanam dhammanam. Uppadayati uppadanatthaya. Uppannananti nibbattanam. Thitiyati--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page181.
Thitatthaya. Asammosayati anassanattham. Bhiyyobhavayati punappunam bhavaya. Vepullayati vipulabhavaya. Bhavanayati vaddhiya. Paripuriyati paripuranatthaya. Ete pana sammavayamasankhata cattaro sammappadhana pubbabhage lokiya, maggakkhane lokuttaRa. Maggakkhane pana ekameva viriyam catukiccasadhanavasena cattari namani labhati. Tattha lokiya kassapasamyutte vuttanayeneva veditabba. Vuttam hi tattha. ("cattarome avuso sammappadhana, katame cattaro.) 1- idhavuso bhikkhu anuppanna me papaka akusala dhamma uppajjamana anatthaya samvatteyyunti atappam karoti, uppanna me papaka akusala dhamma appahiyamana anatthaya samvatteyyunti atappam karoti, anuppanna me kusala dhamma anuppajjamana anatthaya samvatteyyunti atappam karoti, uppanna me kusala dhamma nirujjhamana anatthaya samvatteyyunti atappam karoti"ti. 2- Tattha ca anuppannati asamudacaravasena va ananubhutarammanavasena va anuppanna. Annatha hi anamatagge samsare anuppanna papaka akusala dhamma nama natthi, anuppanna pana uppajjamanapi eteyeva uppajjanti, pahiyamanapi eteyeva pahiyanti. Tattha ekaccassa vattaganthadhutangasamadhivipassananavakammabhavanam annataravasena kilesa na samudacaranti. Katham? ekacco hi vattasampanno hoti. Asiti khandhakavattani 3- cuddasa mahavattani 4- cetiyanganabodhiyanganapaniyamalakauposathagaraagantukagamikavattani @Footnote: 1 paliyam. ime patha na dissanti 2 sam.ni. 16/145/189 @3 vi.cula. 7/243/1 4 vi.cula. 7/356/153--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page182.
Ca karontasseva kilesa okasam na labhanti. Aparabhage panassa vattani vissajjetva bhinnavattassa carato ayonisomanasikaram sativossagganca agamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudacaravasena anuppanna uppajjanti nama. Ekacco ganthayutto hoti, ekampi nikayam ganhati dvepi tayopi cattaropi pancapi. Tassa tepitakam buddhavacanam atthavasena palivasena anusandhivasena pubbaparavasena ganhantassa sajjhayantassa cintentassa vacentassa desentassa pakasentassa kilesa okasam na labhanti. Aparabhage panassa ganthakammam pahaya kusitassa carato ayonisomanasikarasativossagge agamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudacaravasena anuppajjanti nama. Ekacco pana dhutangadharo hoti, terasa dhutangagune samadaya vattati, tassa dhutangagune pariharantassa kilesa okasam na labhanti. Aparabhage panassa dhutangani vissajjetva bahullaya avattassa carato ayonisomanasikarasativossagge agamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudacaravasena anuppanna uppajjanti nama. Ekacco atthasu samapattisu cinnavasi hoti, tassa pathamajjhanadisu avajjanavasiadivasena viharantassa kilesa okasam na labhanti. Aparabhage panassa parihinajjhanassa va vissatthajjhanassa va bhassadisu anuyuttassa viharato ayonisomanasikarasativossagge agamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudacaravasena anuppanna uppajjanti nama. Ekacco pana vipassako hoti, sattasu va anupassanasu 1- attharasasu va mahavipassanasu 2- kammam karonti viharanti, tassa evam viharato kilesa okasam na labhanti. Aparabhage panassa vipassanakammam pahaya kayadalhibahulassa viharato @Footnote: 1 khu.pati. 31/726/622 2 khu.pati. 31/60(22)/34--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page183.
Ayonisomanasikarasativossagge agamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudacaravasena anuppanna uppajjanti nama. Ekacco navakammiko hoti, uposathagarabhojanasaladini karoti, tassa tesam upakaranani cintentassa kilesa okasam na labhanti. Aparabhage panassa navakamme nitthite va vissatthe va ayonisomanasikarasativossagge agamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudacaravasena anuppanna uppajjanti nama ekacco pana brahmalokato agato suddhasatto hoti, tassa anasevanaya kilesa okasam na labhanti aparabhage panassa laddhasevanassa ayonisomanasikara- sativossagge agamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudacaravasena anuppanna uppaj- janti nama. Evam tava asamudacaravasena anuppannata veditabba. Katham ananubhutarammanavasena? idhekacco ananubhutapubbam manapikadibhedam Arammanam labhati, tassa tattha ayonisomanasikarasativossagge agamma ragadayo kilesa uppajjanti. Evam ananubhutarammanavasena anuppanna uppajjanti nama. Evam anuppannanam akusalanam uppade sati attano anattham passitva tesam anuppadaya satipatthanabhavananuyogena pathamam sammappadhanam bhaveti, uppannesu pana tesu tesam appahanato attano anattham passitva tesam pahanaya dutiyam tatheva sammappadhanam bhaveti. Anuppanna kusala dhammati samathavipassana ceva maggo ca. Tesam anuppade attano anattham passitva tesam uppadanatthaya tatheva tatiyam sammappadhanam bhaveti. Uppanna kusala dhammati samathavipassanava. Maggo pana sakim uppajjitva nirujjhamano anatthaya samvattanako nama natthi. So hi phalassa paccayam datvava nirujjhati. Tasam samathavipassananam nirodhato attano--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page184.
Anattham passitva tasam thitiya catuttham sammappadhanam bhaveti. Lokuttaramaggakkhane pana ekameva viriyam. Ye evam anuppanna uppajjeyyum, te yatha neva uppajjanti, evam tesam anuppannanam anuppadakiccam, uppannananca pahanakiccam sadheti. Uppannati cettha catubbidham uppannam vattamanuppannam bhutapagatuppannam 1- okasakatuppannam bhumiladdhuppannanti. Tattha sabbampi uppadajarabhangasamangisankhatam vattamanuppannam nama. Arammanarasam anubhavitva niruddham anubhutapagatasankhatam kusalakusalam uppadadittayamanuppatva niruddham bhutva pagatasankhatam sesasankhatanca bhutapagatuppannam nama. "yanissa tani pubbe katani kammani"ti evamadina 2- nayena vuttam kammam atitampi samanam annam vipakam patibahitva attano vipakassa okasam katva thitatta tatha katokasanca vipakam anuppannampi samanam evam kate okase ekantena uppajjanato okasakatuppannam nama. Tasu tasu bhumisu asamuhatam akusalam bhumiladdhuppannam nama. Ettha ca bhumiya bhumiladdhassa ca nanattam veditabbam. Bhumiti hi vipassanaya arammanabhuta tebhumaka pancakkhandha. Bhumiladdham nama tesu khandhesu uppattiraham kilesajatam. Tena hi sa bhumiladdha nama hotiti tasma bhumiladdhanti vuccati. Sa ca kho na arammanavasena. Arammanavasena hi sabbepi atitanagate parinnatepi ca khinasavanam khandhe arabbha kilesa uppajjanti. Yadi ca tam bhumiladdhannama siya, tassa appaheyyato na koci bhavamulam pajaheyya. Vatthuvasena pana bhumiladdham veditabbam. Yattha yattha hi vipassanaya aparinnata khandha uppajjanti, tattha tattha uppadato pabhuti tesu vattamulam kilesajatam anuseti. Tam appahinatthena bhumiladdhanti veditabbam. @Footnote: 1 Si. bhutva vigatuppannam (abhi.A. 2/390/319, Ma.A. 3/183 pitthe) @2 Ma.u. 14/284/215--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page185.
Tattha ca yassa yesu khandhesu appahinatthena anusayita kilesa, tassa te eva khandha tesam kilesanam vatthu, na annesam santaka khandha. Atitakkhandhesu ca appahinanusayitanam kilesanam atitakkhandhava vatthu, na itare. Esa nayo anagatadisu. Tatha kamavacarakkhandhesu appahinanusayitanam kilesanam kamavacarak- khandha eva vatthu, na itare. Esa nayo ruparupavacararesu. Sotapannadisu pana yassa ariyapuggalassa khandhesu tam tam vattamulakam kilesajatam tena tena maggena pahinam, tassa tassa te te khandha pahinanam tesam tesam vattamulakanam kilesanam avatthuto bhumiti sankham na labhanti. Puthujjanassa sabbaso vattamulakilesanam appahinatta yam kinci kariyamanam kammam kusalamakusalam va hoti, iccassa kammakilesappaccayava vattam vattati, tasseva tam vattamulam rupakkhandheyeva, na vedanadisu. Vinnanakkhandheyeva va, na rupakkhandhadisuti na vattabbam. Kasma? avisesena pancasupi khandhesu anusayitatta. Katham? pathavirasadi viya rukkhe. Yatha hi maharukkhe pathavitalam adhitthaya pathavirasanca nissaya tappaccaya mulakhandhasakhapasakhapallavapalasapupphaphalehi vaddhitva nabham puretva yava kappavasana bijaparamparaya rukkhapavenim santanayamane 1- thite tam pathavirasadimuleyeva, na khandhadisu. Phaleyeva va, na muladisuti na vattabbam. Kasma? avasesena sabbesu muladisu anugatattati. Yatha pana tasseva rukkhassa pupphaphaladisu nibbinno koci puriso catusu disasu mandukakantakam nama visakantakam akoteyya, atha so rukkho tena visasamphassena phuttho pathavirasaaporasanam pariyadinnatta appasavadhammatam agamma puna santanam nibbattetum na sakkuneyya, evameva khandhappavattiyam nibbinno kulaputto tassa purisassa catusu disasu rukkhe visayojanam viya attano santane catumaggabhavanam arabhati. Athassa so khandhasantano tena catumaggavisasamphassena phuttho sabbaso vattamulakilesanam pariyadinnatta kiriya bhavamattam upagatakayakammadisabbakammappabhedo hutva ayatim @Footnote: 1 Si.,Ma. rukkhapavenim sandharayamane--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page186.
Punabbhavanabhinibbattanadhammatam agamma bhavantarasantanam nibbattetum na sakkoti, kevalam carimavinnananirodhena nirindhano viya jatavedo anupadano parinibbayati. Evam bhumiya bhumiladdhassa ca nanattam veditabbam. Aparampi catubbidham uppannam samudacaruppannam arammanadhiggahituppannam avikkhambhituppannam asamuhatuppannanti. Tattha vattamanuppannameva samudacarup- pannam. Cakkhadinam pana apathagate arammane pubbabhage anuppajjamanampi kilesajatam arammanassa adhiggahitatta eva aparabhage ekantena uppattito arammanadhiggahituppannanti vuccati. Samathavipassananam annataravasena avikkhambhitam kilesajatam cittasantatimanarulhampi uppattinivarakassa hetuno abhava avikkhambhituppannam nama. Samathavipassanavasena pana vikkhambhitampi ariyamaggena asamuhatatta uppattidhammatam anatitatta asamuhatuppannanti vuccati. Tividhampicetam arammanadhiggahitavikkhambhitasamuhatuppannam bhumiladdheneva sangaham gacchatiti veditabbam. Iccetasmim vuttappabhede uppanne yadetam vattamanabhutapagatokasakata- samudacarasankhatam uppannam, tam amaggavajjhatta kenaci maggananena pahatabbam na hoti. Yam panetam bhumiladdharammanadhiggahitavikkhambhitasamuhatasankhatam uppannam, tassa tam uppannabhavam nasayamanam yasma tam tam lokiyalokuttarananam uppajjati, tasma tam sabbampi pahatabbam hotiti. Evam ye maggo kilese pajahati, te sandhaya "uppannanan"tiadi vuttam. Atha maggakkhane katham anuppannanam kusalanam uppadaya bhavana hoti, kathanca uppannanam thitiyati? maggappavattiya eva. Maggo hi pavattamano pubbe anuppannapubbatta anuppanno nama vuccati. Anagatapubbam hi thanam agantva ananubhutapubbam va arammanam anubhavitva vattaro bhavanti "anagatatthanam agatamha,--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page187.
Ananubhutam arammanam anubhavama"ti. Yavassa pavatti, ayameva thiti namati thitiya bhaveti"tipi vattum vattati. Evametassa bhikkhuno idam lokuttaramaggakkhane ekameva viriyam "anuppannanam papakanam akusalanam dhammanam anuppadaya"tiadini cattari namani labhati. Ayam lokuttaramaggakkhane sammappadhanakatha. Evamettha lokuttaramissaka sammappadhana niddittha. Sammasatiniddese kayeti rupakaye. Rupakayo hi idha angapaccanganam kesadinanca dhammanam samuhatthena hatthikayarathakayadayo viya kayoti adhippeto. Yatha ca samuhatthena, evam kucchitanam ayatthena. Kucchitanam hi paramajegucchanam so ayotipi kayo. Ayoti uppattideso. Tatrayam vacanattho:- ayanti tatoti ayo. Ke ayanti? kucchita kesadayo. Iti kucchitanam ayoti kayo. Kayanupassiti kayam anupassanasilo, kayam va anupassamano. Kayeti ca vatvapi puna kayanupassiti dutiyam kayaggahanam asammissato vavatthanaghana- vinibbhogadidassanattham katanti veditabbam. Tena na kaye 1- vedananupassi cittadhammanupassi va, atha kho kayanupassiyevati kayasankhate vatthusmim kayanupassanakarasseva dassanena asammissato vavatthanam dassitam hoti. Tatha na kaye angapaccangavinimuttaekadhammanupassi, napi kesalomadivinimuttaitthi- purisanuppasSi. Yopi cettha kesalomadiko bhutupadayasamuhasankhato kayo, tatthapi na bhutupadayavinimuttaekadhammanupassi, atha kho rathasambharanupassako viya angapaccangasamuhanupassi, nagaravayavanupassako viya kesalomadisamuhanupassi, kadalikkhandhapattavattivinibhujjako viya rittamutthivinivethako viya ca bhutupadaya- samuhanupassiyevati samuhavaseneva kayasankhatassa vatthuno nanappakarato dassanena ghanavinibbhogo dassito hoti. Na hettha yathavuttasamuhavinimutto kayo va itthi @Footnote: 1 Si. kayeyeva--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page188.
Va puriso va anno va koci dhammo dissati, yathavuttadhammasamuhamatteyeva pana tatha tatha satta micchabhinivesam karonti. Tenahu porana:- "yam passati na tam dittham yam dittham tam na passati apassam bajjhate mulho bajjhamano na muccati"ti. Ghanavinibbhogadidassanatthanti vuttam. Adisaddena cettha ayampi attho veditabbo. Ayam hi etasmim kaye kayanupassiyeva, na annadhammanupasSi. Kim vuttam hoti? yatha anudakabhutayapi mariciya udakanupassino honti, na evam aniccadukkhanattasubhabhuteyeva imasmim kaye niccasukhattasubhabhavanupassi, atha kho kayanupassi aniccadukkhanattasubhakarasamuhanupassiyevati vuttam hoti. Atha va yvayam mahasatipatthane "idha bhikkhave bhikkhu arannagato va rukkhamulagato va .pe. So satova assasati"tiadina 1- nayena assasapassasadicunnakajataatthika- pariyosano kayo vutto, yo ca parato satipatthanakathayam "idhekacco pathavikayam aniccato anupassati, apokayam tejokayam, vayokayam, kesakayam, lomakayam, chavikayam, cammakayam, mamsakayam, ruhirakayam, nharukayam, atthikayam, atthiminjakayan"ti 2- kayo vutto, tassa sabbassa imasmimyeva kaye anupassanato kaye kayanupassatiti evampi attho datthabbo. Atha va kaye ahanti va mamanti va evam gahetabbassa kassaci ananupassanato tassa tasseva pana kesalomadikassa nanadhammasamuhassa anupassanato kaye kesadidhammasamuhasankhatakayanupassiti evamattho datthabbo. Apica "imasmim kaye aniccato anupassati, no niccato"tiadina 3- anukkamena parato agatanayassa @Footnote: 1 di.maha. 10/374/248 Ma.mu.. 12/107/77 @2 khu.pati. 31/35/441 3 khu.pati. 31/35/441--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page189.
Sabbasseva aniccalakkhanadino akarasamuhasankhatassa kayassa anupassanatopi kaye kayanupassiti evampi attho datthabbo. Ayam pana catusatipatthanasadharano attho. Kaye kayanupassiti assasapassasakayadike bahudha vutte kaye ekeka- kayanupasSi. Viharatiti catusu iriyapathaviharesu annataraviharasamayogaparidipanametam, ekam iriyapathabadhanam annena iriyapathena vicchinditva apatamanam attanam harati pavattetiti attho. Atapiti kayapariggahakaviriyasamayogaparidipanametam. So hi yasma tasmim samaye yam tam viriyam tisu bhavesu kilesanam atapanato atapoti vuccati, tena samannagato hoti, tasma "atapi"ti vuccati. Sampajanoti kayapariggahakena sampajannasankhatena nanena samannagato. Satimati kayapariggahikaya satiya samannagato. Ayam pana yasma satiya arammanam pariggahetva pannaya anupassati. Na hi sativirahitassa anupassana nama atthi. Tenevaha "satinca khvaham bhikkhave sabbatthikam vadami"ti 1- tasma ettha "kaye kayanupassi viharati"ti ettavata kayanupassanasatipatthanakammatthanam vuttam hoti. Atha va yasma anatapino antosankhepo antarayakaro hoti, asampajano upayapariggahe anupayaparivajjane ca sammuyhati, mutthassati upayapariccage anupayapariggahe ca asamattho hoti, tenassa tam kammatthanam na sampajjati, tasma yesam dhammanam anubhavena tam sampajjati, tesam dassanattham "atapi sampajano satima"ti idam vuttanti veditabbam. Iti kayanupassanasatipatthanam sampayoganganca sandassetva idani pahanangam dassetum vineyya loke abhijjhadomanassanti vuttam. Tattha vineyyati tadangavinayena va vikkhambhanavinayena va vinayitva. Loketi yvayam kayo pubbe pariggahito, sveva idha lujjanapalujjanatthena loko nama. Tasmim loke abhijjham domanassanca pajahitvati attho. Yasma panassa na kayamatteyeva @Footnote: 1 sam.maha. 19/234/102--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page190.
Abhijjhadomanassam pahiyati, vedanadisupi pahiyatiyeva, tasma "pancapi upadanakkhandha loko"ti 1- vibhange vuttam. Lokasankhatattayeva tesam dhammanam atthuddharavasenetam vuttanti veditabbam. Yam panaha "tattha katamo loko, sveva kayo loko"ti 2- ayamevettha attho. Abhijjhadomanassanti ca samasetva vuttam. Samyuttanguttara- pathantaresu 3- pana visum katva pathanti. Sa pana abhijjhayanti patthayanti etaya, sayam va abhijjhayati, abhijjhayanamattameva va esati abhijjha. Yasma panettha abhijjhagahanena kamacchando, domanassaggahanena byapado sangaham gacchati, tasma nivarana- pariyapannabalavadhammadvayadassanena nivaranappahanam vuttam hotiti veditabbam. Visesena panettha abhijjhavinayena kayasampattimulakassa anurodhassa, domanassa- vinayena kayavipattimulakassa virodhassa, abhijjhavinayena ca kaye abhiratiya, domanassavinayena kayabhavanaya anabhiratiya, abhijjhavinayena kaye abhutanam subhasukhabhavadinam pakkhepassa, domanassavinayena kaye bhutanam asubhasukhabhavadinam apanayanassa pahanam vuttam. Tena yogavacarassa yoganubhavo yogasamatthata ca dipita hoti. Yoganubhavo hi esa, yadayam anurodhavirodhavippamutto aratiratisaho abhuta- pakkhepabhutapanayanavirahito ca hoti. Anurodhavirodhavippamutto cesa aratiratisaho abhutam apakkhipanto bhutanca anapanento yogasamattho hotiti. Aparo nayo:- "kaye kayanupassi"ti ettha anupassiti ettha anupassanaya kammatthanam vuttam "viharati"ti ettha vuttaviharena kammatthanikassa kayapariharanam. "atapi"tiadisu atapanena sammappadhanam, satisampajannena sabbatthakakammatthanam, kammatthanapariharanupayo va. Satiya va kayanupassanavasena patiladdhasamabho, sampajannena vipassana, abhijjhadomanassavinayena bhavanaphalam vuttanti veditabbam. @Footnote: 1 abhi.vi. 35/362/231 2 abhi.vi. 35/538/304 3 Si. samyuttanguttaresu--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page191.
Vedanasu vedananupassiti adisu ca vedanadinam puna vacane payojanam kayanupassanayam vuttanayeneva yathayogam yojetva veditabbam. Ayam pana asadharanattho:- sukhadisu anekappabhedasu vedanasu visum visum aniccadito ekekavedananupassiti, saragadike solasappabhede citte visum visum aniccadito ekekacittanupassiti, kayavedanacittani thapetva sesatibhumakadhammesu visum visum aniccadito ekekadhammanupassiti, satipatthanasuttante vuttanayena nivaranadi- dhammanupassiti va. Ettha ca "kaye"ti ekavacanam sarirassa ekatta, "citte"ti ekavacanam cittassa sabhavabhedabhavato jatiggahanena katanti veditabbam. Yatha ca vedanadayo anupassitabba, tatha anupassanto vedanasu vedananupassi, citte cittanupassi, dhammesu dhammanupassiti veditabbo. Katham tava vedana anupassitabba? sukha tava vedana dukkhato, dukkha vedana sallato, adukkhamasukha vedana aniccato anupassitabba. Yathaha:- "yo sukham dukkhato adda dukkhamaddakkhi sallato adukkhamasukham santam addakkhi nam aniccato sa ve sammaddaso bhikkhu parijanati vedana"ti. Sabba eva ceta dukkhatopi anupassitabba. Vuttanhetam "yam kinci vedayitam, sabbantam dukkhasminti vadami"ti. Sukhadukkhatopi ca anupassitabba. Yathaha "sukha vedana thitisukha viparinamadukkha, dukkha vedana thitidukkha viparinamasukha, adukkhamasukha vedana nanasukha annanadukkha"ti apica aniccadisattaanupassanavasenapi anupassitabba. @Footnote: 1 di.maha. 10/382/255, Ma.mu. 12/114-5/83-4 @2 sam.sala. 18/368/257 (sya) @3 sam.sala. 18/391/268 (sya) 4 Ma.mu. 12/465/414--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page192.
Cittadhammesupi cittam tava arammanadhipatisahajatabhumikammavipakakiriyadi- nanattabhedanam aniccadisattaanupassananam saragadisolasabhedanam ca vasena anupassitabbam, dhamma salakkhanasamannalakkhananam sunnatadhammassa aniccadisatta- anupassananam santasantadinam ca vasena anupassitabba. Kamancettha yassa kayasankhate loke abhijjhadomanassam pahinam, tassa vedanadilokesupi tam pahinameva, nanapuggalavasena pana nanakkhanikasatipatthanabhavanavasena ca sabbattha vuttam. Yato va ekattha pahinam, sesesupi pahinam hoti. Tenevassa tattha pahanadassanatthampi evam vuttanti veditabbam. Iti ime cattaro satipatthana pubbabhage nanacittesu labbhanti. Anneneva hi cittena kayam parigganhati, annena vedanam, annena cittam, annena dhamme parigganhati. Lokuttaramaggakkhane pana ekacitteyeva labbhanti. Adito hi kayam parigganhitva agatassa vipassanasampayutta sati kayanupassana nama, taya satiya samannagato puggalo kayanupassi nama. Vipassanam ussukkapetva ariyamaggam pattassa maggakkhane maggasampayutta sati kayanupassana nama, taya satiya samannagato puggalo kayanupassi nama. Vedanam parigganhitva cittam parigganhitva dhamme parigganhitva agatassa vipassanasampayutta sati dhammanupassana nama, taya satiya samannagato puggalo dhammanupassi nama. Vipassanam ussukkapetva ariyamaggam pattassa maggakkhane maggasampayutta sati dhammanupassana nama, taya satiya samannagato puggalo dhammanupassi nama. Evam tava desana puggale titthati. Kaye pana "subhan"ti vipallasappahana kayapariggahika sati maggena samijjhatiti kayanupassana nama. Vedanaya "sukha"ti vipallasappahana vedana- pariggahika sati maggena samijjhatiti vedananupassana nama. Citte "niccan"ti vipallasappahana cittapariggahika sati maggena samijjhatiti cittanupassana nama.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page193.
Dhammesu "atta"ti vipallasappahana dhammapariggahika sati maggena samijjhatiti dhammanupassana nama. Iti ekava maggasampayutta sati catukiccasadhakattena cattari namani labhati. Tena vuttam "lokuttaramaggakkhane pana ekacitteyeva labbhanti"ti. Sammasamadhiniddese vivicceva kamehiti kamehi viviccitva vina hutva apakkamitva. Yo panayamettha evakaro, so niyamatthoti veditabbo. Yasma ca niyamattho, tasma pathamajjhanam upasampajja viharanasamaye avijjamananampi kamanam tassa pathamajjhanassa patipakkhabhavam kamapariccageneva cassa adhigamam dipeti. Katham? "vivicceva kamehi"ti evam hi niyame kariyamane idam pannayati, nunimassa 1- Jhanassa kama patipakkhabhuta, yesu sati idam nappavattati, andhakare sati padipobhaso viya, tesam pariccageneva cassa adhigamo hoti orimatirapariccagena parimatirassa viya. Tasma niyamam karotiti. Tattha siya, kasma panesa pubbapadeyeva vutto, na uttarapade, kim akusalehi dhammehi aviviccapi jhanam upasampajja vihareyyati? na kho panetam datthabbam. Tamnissaranato hi pubbapade esa vutto. Kamadhatusamatikkamanato hi kamaragap- patipakkhato ca idam jhanam kamanameva nissaranam. Yathaha "kamanametam nissaranam yadidam nekkhamman"ti 2- uttarapadepi ca yathaha "idheva bhikkhave samano, idha dutiyo samano"ti 3- ettha evakaro anetva vuccati, evam vattabbova. Na hi sakka ito annehipi nivaranasankhatehi akusalehi dhammehi avivicca jhanam upasampajja viharitum. Tasma "vivicceva kamehi vivicceva akusalehi dhammehi"ti evam padadvayehi esa datthabbo. Padadvayepi ca kincapi viviccati imina sadharanavacanena tadangavikkhambhana- samucchedapatippassaddhinissaranaviveka cittakayaupadhiviveka ca sangaham gacchanti, @Footnote: 1 Si. nanvimassa 2 khu.iti. 25/72/286 @3 Ma.mu. 12/140/98 an.catukka. 21/241/266--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page194.
Tathapi pubbabhage kayavivekacittavivekavikkhambhanaviveka datthabba, lokuttaramaggakkhane kayavivekacittavivekasamucchedavivekapatippassaddhivivekanissaranaviveka. Kamehiti imina pana padena ye ca mahaniddese "katame vatthukama manapika rupa"tiadina 1- nayena vatthukama vutta. Ye ca tattheva vibhange ca "../../bdpicture/chando kamo, rago kamo, chandarago kamo, sankappo kamo, rago, kamo, sankapparago kamo"ti 2- evam kilesakama vutta, te sabbepi sangahita icceva datthabba. Evam hi sati vivicceva kamehiti vatthukamehipi viviccevati attho yujjati. Tena kayaviveko vutto hoti. Vivicca akusalehi dhammehiti kilesakamehi sabbakusalehi va viviccati attho yujjati. Tena cittaviveko vutto hoti. Purimena cettha vatthukamehi vivekavacanato eva kamasukhapariccago, dutiyena kilesakamehi vivekacanato nekkhamma- sukhapariggaho vibhavito hoti. Evam vatthukamakilesakamavivekavacanatoyeva ca etesam pathamena sankilesavatthuppahanam, dutiyena sankilesappahanam. Pathamena lolabhavassa hetupariccago, dutiyena balabhavassa. Pathamena ca payogasuddhi, dutiyena asayaposanam vibhavitam hotitipi vinnatabbam. Esa tava nayo kamehiti ettha vuttakamesu vatthukamapakkhe. Kilesakamapakkhe pana chandoti ca ragoti ca evamadihi anekabhedo kamacchandova kamoti adhippeto. So ca akusalapariyapannopi samano "tattha katame kama, chando kamo"tiadina 3- nayena vibhange uparijjhanappatipakkhato visum vutto, kilesakamatta va purimapade vutto, akusalapariyapannatta dutiyapade. Anekabhedato cassa kamatoti avatva kamehiti vuttam. Annesampi ca dhammanam akusalabhave vijjamane @Footnote: 1 khu.maha. 29/2/1 2 khu.maha. 29/2/2, abhi.vi. 35/564/310 @3 abhi.vi. 35/564/310--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page195.
"tattha katame akusala dhamma kamacchando"tiadina 1- nayena vibhange uparijjhanangapaccanikapatipakkhabhavadassanato nivarananeva vuttaniti. Nivaranani hi jhanangapaccanikani, tesam jhananganeva patipakkhani viddhamsakani vinasakaniti vuttam hoti. Tathahi "samadhi kamacchandassa patipakkho, piti byapadassa, vitakko thinamiddhassa, sukham uddhaccakukkuccassa, vicaro vicikicchaya"ti petake vuttam. Evamettha "vivicceva kamehi"ti imina kamacchandassa vikkhambhanaviveko vutto hoti, "vivicca akusalehi dhammehi"ti imina pancannampi nivarananam. Aggahitaggahanena pana pathamena kamacchandassa, dutiyena sesanivarananam. Tatha pathamena tisu akusalamulesu pancakamagunabhedavisayassa lobhassa, dutiyena aghatavatthubhedadivisayanam dosamohanam. Oghadisu va dhammesu pathamena kamoghakamayogakamasavakamupadanaabhijjhakayagantha- kamaragasannojananam, dutiyena avasesaoghayogasavaupadanaganthasamyojananam. Pathamena tanhaya tamsampayuttakananca, dutiyena avijjaya tamsampayuttakananca. Apica pathamena lobhasampayuttaatthacittuppadanam, dutiyena sesanam catunnam akusalacittatuppadanam vikkhambhanaviveko vutto hotiti veditabbo. Ettavata ca pathamassa jhanassa pahanangam dassetva idani sampayogangam dassetum savitakkam savicaranti adivuttam. Tattha arammane cittassa abhiniropana- lakkhano vitakko. Arammananumajjanalakkhano vicaro. Santepi ca nesam katthaci avippayoge olarikatthena pubbangamatthena ca ghandabhighato viya cetaso pathamabhinipato vitakko, sukhumatthena anumajjanasabhavena ca ghandanuravo viya anuppabandho vicaro. Vippharava cettha vitakko pathamuppattikale paripphandanabhuto cittassa, akase uppatitukamassa pakkhino pakkhavikkhepo viya, padumabhimukhapato viya ca gandhanubandhacetaso bhamarassa. Santavutti vicaro natiparipphandanabhuto cittassa @Footnote: 1 abhi.vi. 35/564/310--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page196.
Akase uppatitassa pakkhino pakkhappasaranam viya paribbhamanam viya ca padumabhimukhapatitassa bhamarassa padumassa uparibhage. Dukanipatatthakathayam pana "akasena gacchato mahasakunassa ubhohi pakkhehi vatam gahetva 1- pakkhe sannisidapetva gamanam viya arammane cetaso abhiropanabhavena pavatto vitakko, vataggahanattham pakkhe phandapayamanassa gamanam viya anumajjanabhavena pavatto vicaro"ti vuttam. Tam anuppabandhena pavattiyam yujjati. So pana tesam viseso pathamadutiyajjhanesu pakato hoti. Apica malaggahitam kamsabhajanam ekena hatthana dalham gahetva itarena hatthena cunnatelavalandupakena parimajjantassa dalhaggahanahattho viya vitakko, parimajjanahattho viya vicaro. Tatha kumbhakarassa dandappaharena cakkam bhamayitva bhajanam karontassa uppilanahattho viya vitakko, ito cito ca samsaranahattho viya vicaro. Tatha mandalam karontassa majjhe sannirujjhitva thitakantako viya abhiniropano vitakko, bahi paribbhamanakantako viya anumajjano vicaro. Iti imina ca vitakkena imina ca vicarena saha vattati rukkho viya pupphena phalena cati idam jhanam "savitakkam savicaran"ti vuccati. Vivekajanti ettha vivitti viveko, nivaranaviggamoti attho. Vivittoti va viveko, nivaranavivitto jhanasampayuttadhammarasiti attho. Tasma viveka, tasmim va viveke jatanti vivekajam. Pitisukhanti ettha pinayatiti piti, sa sampiyayanalakkhana. Sa panesa khuddakapiti okkantikapiti khanikapiti ubbengapiti pharanapititi pancavidha piti. Tattha khuddakapiti sarire lomahamsanamattameva katum sakkoti. Khanikapiti khane khane vijjuppadasadisa 2- hoti. Okkantikapiti samuddatiram vici viya kayam @Footnote: 1 Si. gahapetva 2 Si. vijjupatasadisa--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page197.
Okkamitva okkamitva bhijjati. Ubbengapiti balavati hoti kayam uddhaggam katva akase langhapanappamanappatta. Pharanapiti atibalavati hoti. Taya hi uppannaya sakalasariram dhamitva puritavatthi viya mahata udakoghena pakkhandapabbatakucchi viya ca anupariphutam hoti. Sa panesa pancavidha piti gabbham ganhanti paripakam gacchanti duvidham passaddhim paripureti kayapassaddhinca cittapassaddhinca. Passaddhi- gabbham ganhanti paripakam gacchanti duvidhampi sukham paripureti kayikanca cetasikanca. Sukham gabbham ganhantam paripakam gacchantam tividham samadhim paripureti khanikasamadhinca upacarasamadhinca appanasamadhincati. Tasu ca ya appanasamadhissa mulam hutva vaddhamana samadhisampayogam gata pharanapiti, ayam imasmim atthe adhippeta pititi. Itaram pana sukhayatiti sukham, yassuppajjati, tam sukhitam karotiti attho. Sukhanam va sukham, sutthu va khadati, khanati ca kayacittabadhanti sukham, somanassavedanayetam namam. Tam satalakkhanam. Santepi ca nesam katthaci avippayoge ittharammanappatilabha- tutthi piti, patiladdharasanubhavanam sukham, yattha piti, tattha sukham. Yattha sukham, tattha na niyamato piti. Sankharakkhandhasangahita piti, vedanakkhandhasangahitam sukham kantara- khinnassa vanantudakantadassanasavanesu viya piti, vanacchayapavesanaudakaparibhogesu viya sukham. Tasmim tasmim samaye pakatabhavato cetam vuttanti veditabbam. Iti ayanca piti idanca sukham assa jhanassa, tasmim va jhane atthiti idam jhanam "pitisukhan"ti vuccati. Atha va piti ca sukhanca pitisukham dhammavinayadayo viya. Vivekajam pitisukham assa jhanassa, asmim va jhane atthiti evampi vivekajam pitisukham. Yatheva hi jhanam, evam pitisukhampettha vivekajameva hoti. Tancassa atthiti tasma alopasamasam katva ekapadeneva "vivekajam pitisukhan"tipi vattum yujjati. Pathamanti ganananupubbata pathamam, pathamam uppannantipi pathamam. Jhananti duvidham jhanam arammanupanijjhananca lakkhanupanijjhananca. Tattha atthasamapattiyo--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page198.
Pathavikasinadiarammanam upanijjhayantiti "arammanupanijjhanan"ti sankhyam gata. Vipassanamaggaphalani pana lakkhanupanijjhanam nama tattha vipassana aniccadilakkhanassa upanijjhanato lakkhanupanijjhanam, vipassanaya katakiccassa maggena ijjhanato maggo lakkhanupanijjhanam, phalam pana nirodhasaccam tathalakkhanam upanijjhayatiti lakkhanupanijjhanam. Tesu idha pubbabhage arammanupanijjhanam, lokuttaramaggakkhane lakkhanupanijjhanam adhippetam, tasma arammanupanijjhanato lakkhanupanijjhanato ca paccanikajjhapanato ca "jhanan"ti veditabbam. Upasampajjati upagantva, papunitvati vuttam hoti. Upasampadayitva va, nipphadetvati vuttam hoti. Viharatiti tadanurupena iriyapatha- viharena iriyati, vuttappakarena jhanasamangi hutva attabhavassa vuttim abhinipphadeti. Vitakkavicaranam vupasamati ettha vitakkassa ca vicarassa cati imesam dvinnam vupasama samatikkama, dutiyajjhanakkhane apatubhavati vuttam hoti. Tattha kincapi dutiyajjhane sabbepi pathamajjhanadhamma na santi, anneyeva hi pathamajjhane phassadayo, anne idhati. Olarikassa pana olarikassa angassa samatikkama pathamajjhanato paresam dutiyajjhanadinam adhiggamo hotiti dassanattham "vitakkavicaranam vupasama"ti evam vuttanti veditabbam. Ajjhattanti idha niyakajjhattam adhippetam, tasma attani jatam, attasantane nibbattanti attho. Sampasadananti sampasadanam vuccati saddha. Sampasadanayogato jhanampi sampasadanam nilavannayogato nilavattham viya. Yasma va tam jhanam sampasadana- samannagatatta vitakkavicarakkhobhavupasamanena ca ceto sampasadayati, tasmapi sampasadananti vuttam. Imasminca atthavikappe sampasadanam cetasoti evam padasambandho veditabbo, purimasmim pana atthavikappe cetasoti etam ekodibhavena saddhim yojetabbam.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page199.
Tatrayam atthayojana. Eko udetiti ekodi, vitakkavicarehi anajjharulhatta aggo settho hutva udetiti attho. Setthopi hi loke ekoti vuccati. Vitakkavicaravirahito va eko asahayo hutva itipi vattum vattati. Atha va sampayuttadhamme udayatiti udi, utthapetiti attho. Setthatthena eko ca so udi cati ekodi. Samadhissetam adhivacanam. Iti imam ekodim bhaveti vaddhetiti idam dutiyam jhanam ekodibhavam. So panayam ekodi yasma cetaso, na sattassa na jivassa. Tasma etam "cetaso ekodibhavan"ti vuttam. Nanu cayam saddha pathamajjhanepi atthi, ayanca ekodinamako samadhi, atha kasma idameva "sampasadanam cetaso ekodibhavan"ti ca vuttanti. Vuccate:- adum hi pathamajjhanam vitakkavicarakkhobhena vicitarangasamakulamiva jalam na suppasannam hoti, tasma satiyapi saddhaya "sampasadanan"ti na vuttam. Na suppasannattayeva cettha samadhipi na sutthu pakato, tasma "ekodibhavan"tipi na vuttam. Imasmim pana jhane vitakkavicarapalibodhabhavena laddhokasa balavati saddha, balavasaddhasahaya- patilabheneva ca samadhipi pakato, tasma idameva evam vuttanti veditabbam. Avitakkam avicaranti bhavanaya pahinatta etasmim etassa va vitakko natthiti avitakkam. Iminava nayena avicaram. Etthaha "nanu ca vitakkavicaranam vupasama"ti iminapi ayamattho siddho, atha kasma puna vuttam "avitakkam avicaran"ti. Vuccate:- evametam, siddhovayamattho, na panetam tadatthadipakam, nanu avocumha "olarikassa pana olarikassa angassa samatikkama pathamajjhanato paresam dutiyajjhanadinam adhiggamo hotiti dassanattham vitakkavicaranam vupasamati evam vuttan"ti. Apica vitakkavicaranam vupasama idam sampasadanam, na kilesakalussiyassa. Vitakkavicarananca vupasama ekodibhavam, na upacarajjhanamiva nivaranappahana, na pathamajjhanamiva ca angapatubhavati evam sampasadanaekodibhavanam--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page200.
Hetuparidipakamidam vacanam. Tatha vitakkavicaranam vupasama idam avitakkam avicaram, na tatiyacatutthajjhanani viya cakkhuvinnanadini viya ca abhavati evam avitakka- avicarabhavassa hetuparidipakanca vacanam. Na vitakkavicarabhavamattaparidipakam, vitakka- vicarabhavamattaparidipakameva pana "avitakkam avicaran"ti idam vacanam. Tasma purimam vatvapi puna vattabbamevati. Samadhijanti pathamajjhanasamadhito, sampayuttasamadhito va jatanti attho. Tattha kincapi pathamajjhanampi sampayuttasamadhito jatam, atha kho ayameva samadhi "samadhi"ti vattabbatam arahati vitakkavicarakkhobhavirahena ativiya acalatta suppasannatta ca. Tasma imassa vannabhananattham idameva "samadhijan"ti vuttam. Pitisukhanti idam vuttanayameva. Dutiyanti ganananupubbata dutiyam, idam dutiyam uppannantipi dutiyam. Pitiya ca viragati virago nama vuttappakaraya pitiya jigucchanam va samatikkamo va, ubhinnam pana antara casaddo sampindanattho, so vupasamam va sampindeti vitakkavicaravupasamam va. Tattha yada vupasamameva sampindeti, tada pitiya viraga ca, kinca bhiyyo vupasama cati evam yojana veditabba. Imissa ca yojanaya virago jigucchanattho hoti, tasma pitiya jigucchana ca samatikkama cati ayamattho datthabbo. Yada pana vitakkavicaravupasamam sampindeti, tada pitiya ca viraga, kinca bhiyyo vitakkavicarananca vupasamati evam yojana veditabba. Imissa ca yojanaya virago samatikkamanattho hoti, tasma pitiya ca samatikkama, vitakkavicarananca vupasamati ayamattho datthabbo. Kamancete vitakkavicara dutiyajjhaneyeva vupasanta, imassa pana jhanassa maggaparidipanattham vannabhananatthancetam vuttam. Vitakkavicaranam vupasamati hi vutte idam pannayati "nuna 1- vitakkavicaravupasamo maggo imassa jhanassa"ti. Yatha ca @Footnote: 1 Si. nanu--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page201.
Tatiye ariyamagge appahinanampi sakkayaditthadinam "pancannam orambhagiyanam samyojananam pahana"ti 1- evam pahanam vuccamanam vannabhananam hoti, tadadhiggamaya ussukkanam ussahajanakam, evameva idha avupasantanampi vitakkavicaranam vupasamo vuccamano vannabhananam hoti, tenayamattho vutto "pitiya ca samatikkama vitakkavicarananca vupasama"ti. Upekkhako ca viharatiti ettha upapattito ikkhatiti upekkha, samam passati apakkhapatita hutva passatiti attho. Taya visadaya vipulaya thamagataya samannagatatta tatiyajjhanasamangi "upekkhako"ti vuccati. Upekkha pana dasavidha hoti chalangupekkha brahmaviharupekkha bojjhangupekkha viriyupekkha sankharupekkha vedanupekkha vipassanupekkha tatramajjhattupekkha jhanupekkha parisuddhupekkhati. Tattha ya "idha bhikkhave khinasavo bhikkhu cakkhuna rupam disva neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako ca viharati sato sampajano"ti 2- evamagata khinasavassa chasu dvaresu itthanitthachalarammanapathe parisuddhipakatibhavavijahanakarabhuta upekkha, ayam chalangupekkha nama. Ya pana "upekkhasahagatena cetasa ekam disam pharitva viharati"ti 3- evamagata sattesu majjhattakarabhuta upekkha, ayam brahma- viharupekkha nama. Ya pana "upekkhasambojjhangam bhaveti vivekanissitan"ti 4- evamagata sahajatadhammanam majjhattakarabhuta upekkha, ayam bojjhangupekkha nama. @Footnote: 1 di.Si. 9/373/156, Ma.Ma. 13/133/109, an.tika. 20/88/227 @2 an.chakka. 272/247/223 3 di.Si. 9/556/246, Ma.mu. 12/77/51 @4 Ma.Ma. 13/247/223--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page202.
Ya pana "kalena kalam upekkhanimittam manasikaroti"ti 1- evamagata anaccaraddhanatisithilaviriyasankhata upekkha, ayam viriyupekkha nama. Ya pana "kati sankharupekkha samathavasena uppajjanti, kati sankharupekkha vipassanavasena uppajjanti, attha sankharupekkha samathavasena uppajjanti, dasasankharupekkha vipassanavasena uppajjanti"ti 2- evamagata nivaranadippatisankhasantitthanagahane majjhattabhuta upekkha, ayam sankharupekkha nama. Ya pana "yasmim samaye kamavacaram kusalam cittam uppannam hoti. Upekkha- sahagatan"ti 3- evamagata adukkhamasukhasannita upekkha, ayam vedanupekkha nama. Ya pana "yadatthi yam bhutam, tam pajahati, upekkham patilabhati"ti 4- evamagata vicinane majjhattabhuta upekkha ayam vipassanupekkha nama. Ya pana chandadisu yevapanakesu agata sahajatanam samavahitabhuta upekkha, ayam tatramajjhattupekkha nama. Ya pana "upekkhako ca viharati"ti 5- evamagata aggasukhepi tasmim apakkhapatajanani upekkha, ayam jhanupekkha nama. Ya pana "upekkhasatiparisuddhim catuttham jhanan"ti 6- evamagata sabbapaccanika- parisuddha paccanikavupasamepi byaparabhuta upekkha, ayam parisuddhiupekkha nama. Tattha chalangupekkha ca brahmaviharupekkha ca bojjhangupekkha ca tatramajjhattupekkha ca jhanupekkha ca parisuddhiupekkha ca atthato eka, tatramajjhattupekkhava hoti. Tena tena avatthabhedena panassayam bhedo. Ekassapi sato sattassa kumarayuvattherasenapatirajadivasena bhedo viya, tasma tasu yattha @Footnote: 1 an.tika. 20/103/251 2 khu.pati. 31/57/66 @3 abhi.sam. 34/157/48 4 Ma.u. 14/71/52 @5 di.Si. 9/89/37, Ma.mu. 12/173/134, abhi.sam. 34/165/52 @6 di.Si. 9/89/37, abhi.sam. 34/165/52--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page203.
Chalangupekkha, na tattha bojjhangupekkhadayo. Yattha va pana bojjhangupekkha, na tattha chalangupekkhadayo hontiti veditabba. Yatha cetasam atthato ekibhavo, evam sankharupekkhavipassanupekkhanampi. Panna eva hi sa kiccavasena dvidha bhinna. Yatha hi purisassa sayam geham pavittham sappam ajapadadandam gahetva pariyesamanassa tam thusakotthake nipannam disva "sappo nukho, no"ti avalokentassa sovatthikattayam disva nibbematikassa "sappo, na sappo"ti vicinane majjhattata uppajjati, evameva ya araddhavipassakassa vipassanananena lakkhanattaye ditthe sankharanam aniccabhavadivicinane majjhattata uppajjati, ayam vipassanupekkha. Yatha pana tassa purisassa ajapadena dandena galham sappam gahetva "kintaham imam sappam avihethento attananca imina adamsapento munceyyan"ti muncanakarameva pariyesato gahane majjhatta hoti, evameva ya lakkhanattayassa ditthatta aditte viya tayo bhave passato sankharaggahane majjhattata, ayam sankharupekkha ca. Iti vipassanupekkhaya siddhaya sankharupekkhapi siddhava hoti. Imina panesa vicinanaggahanesu majjhattasankhatena kiccena dvidha bhinnati. Viriyupekkha pana vedanupekkha ca annamannanca avasesa hi ca atthato bhinna evati. Aha cettha:- "majjhattabrahmabojjhanga- chalangajhanasuddhiyo vipassana ca sankhara- vedana viriyam iti. Vitatharato dasopekkha chamajjhattadito tato duve panna tato dvihi catasso va bhavantima"ti. 1- Iti imasu upekkhasu jhanupekkha idha adhippeta. Sa majjhattalakkhana. Etthaha "nanu cayam atthato tatramajjhattupekkhava hoti, sa ca pathamadutiyajjhanesupi @Footnote: 1 Si. bhavanti cati--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page204.
Atthi, tasma tatrapi `upekkhako ca viharati'ti evamayam vattabba siya, sa kasma na vutta"ti? aparibyattakiccato. Aparibyattanhi tassa tattha kiccam vitakkadihi abhibhutatta, idha panayam vitakkavicarapitihi anabhibhutatta ukkhittasira viya hutva paribyattakicca jata, tasma vuttati. Idani sato ca sampajanoti ettha saratiti sato. Sampajanatiti sampajano. Itipuggalena sati ca sampajannam. Tattha kincapi idam satisampajannanca vuttam. Tattha saranalakkhana sati. Asammohalakkhanam sampajannam tattha kincapi idam satisampajannam purimajjhanesupi atthi, mutthassatissa hi asampajanassa upacaramattampi na sampajjati, pageva appana. Olarikatta pana tesam jhananam bhumiyam viya purisassa cittassa gati sukha hoti, abyattam tattha satisampajannakiccam. Olarikangap- pahanena pana sukhumatta imassa jhanassa purisassa khuradharayam viya satisampajanna- kiccapariggahita eva cittassa gati icchitabbati idheva vuttam. Kinca bhiyyo:- yatha dhenupago vaccho dhenuto apanito arakkhiyamano punadeva dhenum upagacchati, evamidam tatiyajjhanasukham pitito apanitam satisampajannarakkhena arakkhiyamanam punadeva pitim upagaccheyya, pitisampayuttameva siya. Sukhe vapi satta sarajjanti, idanca atimadhuram sukham tato param sukhabhava. Satisampajannanubhavena panettha sukhe asarajjana hoti, no annathati. Idampi atthavisesam dassetum idam idheva vuttanti veditabbam. Idani sukhanca kayena patisamvedetiti ettha kincapi tatiyajjhanasamangino sukhappatisamvedana bhogo natthi, evam santepi yasma tassa namakayena sampayuttam sukham, yam va tam namakayasampayuttam sukham, tam samutthanenassa yasma atipanitena rupena rupakayo phuttho, yassa phutthatta jhana vutthitopi sukham patisamvedeyya, tasma etamattham dassento "sukhanca kayena patisamvedeti"ti aha.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page205.
Idani yantam ariya acikkhanti upekkhako satima sukhavihariti ettha yamjhanahetu yamjhanakarana tam tatiyajjhanasamangipuggalam buddhadayo ariya acikkhanti desenti pannapenti patthapenti vivaranti vibhajanti uttanikaronti pakasenti, pasamsantiti adhippayo. Kinti? upekkhako satima sukhavihariti. Tam tatiyam jhanam upasampajja viharatiti evamettha yojana veditabba. Kasma pana te evam pasamsantiti? pasamsarahato. Ayam hi yasma atimadhurasukhe Sukhaparamipattepi tatiyajjhane upekkhako, na tattha sukhabhisangena akaddhiyati. Yatha ca piti na uppajjati, evam upatthitassatitaya satima. Yasma ca ariyajanakantam ariyajanasevitameva ca asankilittham sukham namakayena patisamvedeti, tasma pasamsaraho hoti. Iti pasamsarahato nam ariya te evam pasamsarahahetubhute gune pakasenta "upekkhako satima sukhavihari"ti evam pasamsantiti veditabbam. Tatiyanti ganananupubbato tatiyam, tatiyam uppannantipi tatiyam. Sukhassa ca pahana dukakhassa ca pahanati kayikasukhassa ca kayikadukkhassa ca pahana. Pubbevati tanca kho pubbeva, na catutthajjhanakkhane. Somanassadomanassanam atthangamati cetasikasukhassa cetasikadukkhassa cati imesampi dvinnam pubbeva atthangama, pahana icceva vuttam hoti. Kada pana nesam pahanam hoti? catunnam jhananam upacarakkhane. Somanassam hi catutthassa jhanassa upacarakkhaneyeva pahiyati, dukkhadomanassasukhani pathamadutiyatatiyanam upacarakkhanesu. Evametesam pahanakkamena avuttanam indriyavibhange 1- pana indriyanam uddesakkameneva idhapi vuttanam sukhadukkhasomanassadomanassanam pahanam veditabbam. Yadi panetani tassa tassa jhanassa upacarakkhaneyeva pahiyanti, atha kasma "kattha cuppannam dukkhindriyam aparisesam nirujjhati? idha bhikkhave bhikkhu vivicceva @Footnote: 1 abhi.vi. 35/219/145--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page206.
Kamehi .pe. Pathamajjhanam upasampajja viharati. Ettha cuppannam dukkhindriyam nirujjhati, kattha cuppannam domanassindriyam. Sukhindriyam somanassindriyam aparisesam nirujjhati. Idha bhikkhave bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahana .pe. Catuttham jhanam upasampajja viharati. Ettha cuppannam somanassatindriyam aparisesam nirujjhati"ti 1- evam jhanesveva nirodho vuttoti? atisayanirodhatta. Atisayanirodho hi tesam pathamaj- jhanadisu, na nirodhoyeva pana upacarakkhane, natisayanirodho. Tatha hi nanavajjanena pathamajjhanupacare niruddhassapi dukkhindriyassa damsamakasadisamphassena va visamasanupatapena va siya uppatti, na tveva anto appanayam. Upacare va niruddhampetam na sutthu niruddham hoti patipakkhena avihatatta. Antoappanayam pana pitipharanena sabbo kayo sukhokkanto hoti, sukhokkantakayassa ca sutthu niruddham hoti dukkhindriyam patipakkhena vihatatta nanavajjaneyeva ca dutiyajjhanupacare pahinassapi domanassindriyassa yasma etam vitakkavicarappaccayepi kayakilamathe cittupaghate ca sati uppajjati, vitakkavicarabhaveneva uppajjati. Yattha pana uppajjati, tattha vitakkavicarabhave. Appahinayeva ca dutiyajjhanupacare vitakkavicarati. Tatthassa siya uppatti, na tveva dutiyajjhane pahinappaccayatta. Tatha tatiyajjhanupacare pahinassapi sukhindriyassa pitisamutthanapanitarupaphutthakayassa siya uppatti, natveva tatiyajjhane. Tatiyajjhane hi sukhassa paccayabhuta piti sabbaso niruddha hoti. Tatha catutthajjhanupacarena pahinassapi somanassindriyassa asannatta, appanappattaya upekkhaya abhavena samma anatikkantatta ca siya uppatti, natveva catutthajjhane. Tasma evam ca "etthuppannam dukkhindriyam aparisesam nirujjhati"ti. Tattha tattha aparisesaggahanam katanti. Etthaha "athevam tassa tassa jhanassupacare pahinapi eta vedana idha kasma samahari"ti. Sukhaggahanattham. Ya hi ayam "adukkhaasukhan"ti ettha @Footnote: 1 sam.maha. 19/510/188--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page207.
Adukkhamasukha vedana vutta. Sa sukhuma duvinneyya na sakka sukhena gahitum, tasma yatha nama dutthassa yatha tatha va upasankamitva gahetum asakkuneyyassa gonassa gahanattham gopo ekasmim vaje sabba gavo samaharati, athekekam niharanto patipatiya agatam "ayam so ganhatha nan"ti tampi gahapeti, evameva sukhaggahanattham sabbapi eta samahari. Evam hi samahata eta dassetva "yam neva sukham, na dukkham, na somanassam, na domanassam, ayam adukkhamasukhavedana"ti sakka hoti esa gahayitum. Apica adukkhamasukhaya cetovimuttiya paccayadassanatthancapi eta vuttati veditabba. Sukhadukkhappahanadayo hi tassa paccaya. Yathaha "cattaro kho avuso paccaya adukkhamasukhaya cetovimuttiya samapattiya, idhavuso bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahana .pe. Catuttham jhanam upasampajja viharati. Ime kho avuso cattaro paccaya adukkhamasukhaya cetovimuttiya samapattiya"ti 1- yatha va annattha pahinapi sakkayaditthiadayo anagamimaggassa vannabhananattham tattha pahinati vutta, evam vannabhananatthampetassa jhanasseta idha vuttatipi veditabba. Paccayaghatena va ettha ragadosanam atidurabhavam dassetumpeta vuttati veditabba. Etasu hi sukham somanassassa paccayo, somanassam ragassa, dukkham domanassassa, domanassam dosassa. Sukhadighatena ca sappaccaya ragadosa hatati avidure hontiti. Adukkhamasukhanti dukkhabhavena adukkham. Sukhabhavena asukham. Etenettha dukkhasukhappatipakkhabhutam tatiyavedanam dipeti, na dukkhasukhabhavamattam. Tatiyavedana nama adukkhamasukha, upekkhati hi vuccati. Sa itthanitthaviparitanubhavanalakkhana. Upekkhasatiparisuddhinti upekkhaya janitasatiparisuddhim. Imasmim hi jhane supari- suddha sati, ya ca tassa satiya parisuddhi, sa upekkhaya kata, na annena. @Footnote: 1 Ma.mu. 12/458/406--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page208.
Tasma etam "upekkhasatiparisuddhin"ti vuccati. Yaya ca upekkhaya ettha satiya parisuddhi hoti, sa atthato tatramajjhattatati veditabba. Na kevalancettha taya satiyeva parisuddha, apica kho sabbepi sampayuttadhamma, satisisena pana desana vutta. Tattha kincapi ayam upekkhahetthapi tisu jhanesu vijjati, yatha pana diva suriyappabhabhibhava somabhavena ca attano upakarakattena va sabhagaya rattiya alabha diva vijjamanapi candalekha aparisuddha hoti apariyodata, evamayampi tatramajjhattupekkhacandalekha vitakkadipaccanikadhammatejabhibhava sabhagaya ca upekkhavedanarattiya alabha vijjamanapi pathamajjhanadibhede aparisuddha hoti. Tassa ca aparisuddhaya diva aparisuddhacandalekhaya pabha viya sahajatapi satiadayo aparisuddhava honti. Tasma tesu ekampi "upekkhasatiparisuddhin"ti na vuttam. Idha pana vitakkadipaccanikatejabhibhavabhava sabhagaya ca upekkhavedanarattiya patilabha ayam tatramajjhattupekkha candalekha ativiya parisuddha, tassa parisuddhatta parisuddhacandalekhaya pabha viya sahajatapi satiadayo parisuddha honti pariyodata. Tasma idamevam "upekkhasatiparisuddhin"ti vuttanti veditabbam. Catutthanti ganananupubbato catuttham. Catuttham uppannantipi catuttham. Imani cattari jhanani pubbabhagepi nana, maggakkhanepi. Pubbabhage samapattivasena nana, maggakkhane nana maggavasena. Ekassa hi pathamamaggo pathamajjhaniko hoti, dutiyamaggadayopi pathamajjhanika va dutiyadisu annatarajjhanika va. Ekassa pathamamaggo dutiyadinam annatarajjhaniko hoti, dutiyadayopi dutiyadinam annatarajjhanika va pathamajjhanika va. Evam cattaropi magga jhanavasena sadisa va asadisa va ekaccasadisa va honti. Ayam panassa--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page209.
Viseso padakajjhananiyamena hoti. Pathamajjhanalabhino hi pathamajjhana vutthaya vipassantassa uppannamaggo pathamajjhaniko hoti, maggangabojjhangani panettha paripunnaneva honti. Dutiyajjhanato vutthaya vipassantassa uppanno dutiyajjhaniko hoti, magganga panettha satta honti. Tatiyajjhanato vutthaya vipassantassa uppanno tatiyajjhaniko hoti, maggangani panettha satta, bojjhangani cha honti. Esa nayo catutthajjhanato patthaya yava nevasannanasannayatana. Aruppe catukkapancakajjhanam uppajjati, tanca kho lokuttaram, na lokiyanti vuttam. Ettha kathanti? etthapi pathamajjhanadisu yato vutthaya sotapattimaggam patilabhitva Arupasamapattim bhavetva yo aruppe uppanno, tamjhanikava tassa tattha tayo magga uppajjanti. Evam padakajjhanameva niyameti. Keci pana thera "vipassanaya arammanabhuta khandha niyamenti"ti vadanti. Keci "puggalajjhasayo niyameti"ti vadanti. Keci "vutthanagamini vipassana niyameti"ti vadanti. Tatrayam anupubbikatha:- vipassananiyamena hi sukhavipassakassa uppannamaggopi, samapattilabhino jhanam padakam akatva uppannamaggopi pathamajjhanam padakam katva pakinnakasankhare sammasitva uppaditamaggopi pathamajjhanikova hoti, sabbesu satta bojjhangani attha maggangani panca jhanangani hoti. Tesampi pubbabhagavipassana somanassasahagatapi upekkhasahagatapi hutva vutthanakale sankharupekkhabhavam patta somanassasahagatava hoti. Pancakanaye dutiyatatiyacatutthajjhanani padakani katva uppaditamaggesu yathakkameneva jhanam caturangikam tivangikam divangikanca hoti, sabbesu pana satta maggangani honti, catutthe cha bojjhangani. Ayam viseso padakajjhananiyamena ceva vipassananiyamena ca hoti. Tesampi hi pubbabhagavipassana somanassasahagatapi upekkhasahagatapi hoti, vutthanagamini somanassasahagatava.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page210.
Pancamajjhanam padakam katva nibbattitamagge pana upekkhacittekaggatavasena dve jhanangani, bojjhangamaggangani cha satta ceva. Ayampi viseso ubhayaniyamavasena hoti. Imasmim hi naye pubbabhagavipassana somanassasahagata va upekkhasahagata va hoti, vutthanagamini upekkhasahagatava hoti. Arupajjhanani padakani katva uppaditamaggepi eseva nayo. Idha pana catukkanaye avitakkavicaramattassa dutiyajjhanassa abhava tam apanetva sesanam vasena yojetabbam. Evam padakajjhanato vutthaya yekeci sankhare sammasitva nibbattitamaggassa asannadese vutthitasamapatti attano sabhagam karoti bhumivanno viya godhavannassa. Dutiyattheravade pana yato yato samapattito vutthaya ye ye samapattidhamme sammasitva maggo nibbattito hoti, tamtamsamapattisadisova hoti. Tatrapi ca vipassananiyamo vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Tatiyattheravade attano ajjhasayanurupena yam yam jhanam padakam katva ye ye jhanadhamme sammasitva maggo nibbattito, tamtamjhanasadisova hoti. Padakajjhanam pana sammasitajjhanam va vina ajjhasayamatteneva tam na ijjhati. Etthapi ca vipassananiyamo vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Ayam vuccati sammasamadhiti ya imesu catusu jhanesu ekaggata, ayam pubbabhage lokiyo, aparabhage lokuttaro sammasamadhi nama vuccati. Evam lokiyalokuttaravasena dhammasenapati maggasaccam deseti. Tattha lokiyamagge sabbaneva maggangani yathanurupam chasu arammanesu annatararammanani honti. Lokuttaramagge pana catusaccappativedhayam pavattassa ariyasavakassa nibbanarammanam avijjanusaya- samugghatakam pannacakkhu sammaditthi, tatha sampannaditthissa tamsampayutto tividhamicchasankappasamugghatako cetaso nibbanapadabhiniropano sammasankappo,--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page211.
Tatha passantassa takkantassa ca tamsampayuttava catubbidhavaciduccaritasamugghataka micchavacaya virati sammavaca, tatha viramantassa tamsampayuttava tividhamicchakammanta- samucchedika micchakammanta virati sammakammanto, tesamyeva cassa vaca kammantanam vodanabhuta tamsampayuttava kuhanadisamucchedika micchaajiva virati sammaajivo, tassayevassa sammavacakammantajivasankhataya silabhumiyam patitthamanassa tadanurupo tamsampayuttova kosajjasamucchedako, anuppannuppannanam akusalakusalanam anuppadap- pahanuppadatthitisadhako ca viriyarambho sammavayamo, evam vayamantassa tamsampayuttova micchasativiniddhunako, kesadisu kayanupassanadisadhako ca cetaso asammoso sammasati, evam anuttaraya satiya suvihitacittarakkhassa tamsampayuttava micchasamadhividdhamsika cittekaggata sammasamadhi. Esa lokuttaro ariyo atthangiko maggo. Yo saha lokiyena maggena dukkhanirodhagaminipatipadati sankhyam gato, so kho panesa maggo sammaditthisankappanam vijjaya sesadhammanam caranena sangahitatta vijja ceva carananca. Tatha tesam dvinnam vipassanayanena itaresam samathayanena sangahitatta samatho ceva vipassana ca. Tesam dvinnam pannakkhandhena tadanantaranam tinnam silakkhandhena avasesanam tinnam samadhikkhandhena adhipannaadhisilaadhicitta- sikkha hi ca sangahitatta khandhattayanaceva sikkhattayanca hoti. Yena samannagato ariyasavako dassanasamatthehi cakkhuhi gamanasamatthehi padehi samannagato addhiko viya vijjacaranasampanno hutva vipassanayanena kamasukhallikanuyogam samathayanena attakilamathanuyoganti antadvayam parivajjetva majjhimapatipadam patipanno pannak- khandhena mohakkhandham, silakkhandhena dosakkhandham, samadhikkhandhena ca lobhakkhandham padalento adhipannasikkhaya pannasampadam, adhisilasikkhaya silasampadam, adhicitta- sikkhaya samadhisampadanti tisso sampattiyo patva amatam nibbanam sacchikaroti.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page212.
Adimajjhapariyosanakalyanam sattattimsabodhipakkhiyadhammaratanavicittam sammattaniyamasankhatam ariyabhumim okkanto hotiti. Maggasaccaniddesavannana nitthita. ----------- Saccapakinnakavannana catusu pana saccesu badhanalakkhanam dukkhasaccam, pabhavalakkhanam samudayasaccam, santilakkhanam nirodhasaccam, niyyanalakkhanam maggasaccam, apica pavattipavattakanivatti- nivattakalakkhanani patipatiya. Tatha sankhatatanhaasankhatadassanalakkhanani ca. Kasma pana cattareva ariyasaccani vuttani anunani anadhikaniti ce? annassa asambhavato annatarassa ca anapaneyyabhavato. Na hi etehi annam adhikam va, etesam va ekampi apanetabbam sambhoti. Yathaha:- "idha bhikkhave agaccheyya samano va brahmano va `nayidam dukkham ariyasaccam annam dukkham ariyasaccam. Yam samanena gotamena desitam, ahamidam dukkham ariyasaccam thapetva annam dukkham ariyasaccam pannapessami'ti netam thanam vijjati"tiadi. Yathaha:- "yo hi koci bhikkhave samano va brahmano va evam vadeyya `netam dukkham pathamam ariyasaccam, yam samanena gotamena desitam, ahametam dukkham pathamam ariyasaccam, yam samanena gotamena desitam, ahametam dukkham pathamam ariyasaccam paccakkhaya annam dukkham pathamam ariyasaccam pannapessami"ti netam thanam vijjati"tiadi. 1- @Footnote: 1 sam maha. 19/1086/374--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page213.
Apica pavattimacikkhanto bhagava sahetukam acikkhi, nivattinca saupayam. Iti pavattinivattitadubhayahetunam etapparamato cattareva vuttani. Tatha parinneyyapahatabbasacchikatabbabhavetabbanam, tanhavatthutanhatanhanirodhatanha- nirodhupayanam, alayaalayaramataalayasamugghataalayasamugghatupayananca vasenapi cattareva vuttaniti. Ettha ca olarikatta sabbasattasadharanatta ca suvinneyyanti dukkhasaccam pathamam vuttam. Tasseva hetudassanattham tadanantaram samudayasaccam, hetunirodha phalanirodhoti sannapanattham tato nirodhasaccam, tadadhigamupayadassanattham ante maggasaccam, bhavasukhassadagadhitanam va sattanam samvegajananattham pathamam dukkhamaha, tam neva akatam agacchati, na issaranimmanadito hoti, ito pana hotiti napanattham tadanantaram samudayam, tato sahetukena dukkhena abhibhutatta samviggamanasanam dukkhanissaranagavesinam nissaranadassanena assasajananattham nirodham, tato nirodhadhigamanattham nirodhasampapakam magganti ayametesam kamo. Etesu pana bharo viya dukkhasaccam datthabbam, bharadanamiva samudayasaccam, bharanikkhepanamiva nirodhasaccam, bharanikkhepanupayo viya maggasaccam. Rogo viya va dukkhasaccam, roganidhanamiva samudayasaccam, rogavupasamo viya nirodhasaccam, bhesajjamiva va maggasaccam. Dubbhikkhamiva va dukkhasaccam, dubbutthi viya samudayasaccam, subhikkhamiva nirodhasaccam, suvutthi viya maggasaccam. Apica veriveramulaverasamugghataverasamugghatu- payehi visarukkharukkhamulamulupacchedatadupacchedupayehi, bhayabhayamulanibbhayatadadhigamupayehi, orimatiramahoghaparimatiratamsampapakavayamehi ca yojetvapetani upamato veditabbaniti. Sabbaneva panetani saccani paramatthena vedakakarakanibbutagamakabhavato sunnaniti veditabbani. Tenetam vuccati:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page214.
"dukkhameva hi na koci dukkhito karako na kiriyava vijjati, atthi nibbuti na nibbuto puma maggamatthi gamako na vijjati"ti. Atha va:- dhuvasubhasukhattasannam purimadvayamattasunnamamatapadam dhuvasukhaattavirahito maggo iti sunnata tesu. Nirodhasunnani va tini, nirodho ca sesattayasunno. Phalasunno va ettha hetu samudaye dukkhassa abhavato, magge ca nirodhassa, na phalena sagabbho pakativadinam pakati viya. Hetusunnanca phalam dukkhasamudayanam nirodhamaggananca asamavaya, na hetusamavetam hetuphalam samavayavadinam dvianukadi viya. Tenetam vuccati:- "tayamidhanirodhasunnam tayena tenapi nibbutim sunna sunno phalena hetu phalampi tamhetuna sunnan"ti. Sabbaneva saccani annamannasabhagani avitathato attasunnato dukkarapativedha to ca. Yathaha:- "tam kim mannasi ananda, katamam nu kho dukkarataram va durabhisambhavataram va, yo duratova sukhumena talacchiggalena asanam atipateyya ponkhanuponkham aviradhitam, yo va sattadha bhinnassa valassa kotiya kotim pativijjheyyati. Etadeva bhante dukkarataranceva durabhisambhavataranca. Va sattadha bhinnassa valassa kotiya kotim pativijjheyyati. Atha kho te--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page215.
Ananda duppativijjhataram pativijjhanti, ye `idam dukkhan'ti yatha bhutam pativijjhanti .pe. `ayam Dukkhanirodhagamini patipada'ti yathabhutam pativijjhanti"ti. 1- Visabhagani salakkhanavavatthanato. Purimani ca dve sabhagani duravagahatthena gambhiratta lokiyatta ca sasavatta ca, visabhagani phalahetubhedato parinneyya- pahatabbato ca. Pacchimanipi dve sabhagani gambhirattena duravagahatta lokuttaratta anasavatta ca, visabhagani visayavisayibhedato sacchikatabbabhavetabbato ca. Pathama- tatiyani capi sabhagani phalapadesato, visabhagani sankhatasankhatato. Dutiyacatutthani capi sabhagani hetuapadesato, visabhagani ekantakusalakusalato. Pathamacatutthani capi sabhagani sankhatato, visabhagani lokiyalokuttarato. Dutiyatatiyani capi sabhagani nevasekkhanasekkhabhavato, visabhagani sarammananarammanato. Iti evam pakarehi nayehi ca vicakkhano vijanna ariyasaccanam sabhagavisabhagatanti. Sabbameva cettha dukkham ekavidham pavattibhavato, duvidham namarupato, tividham kamarupa- rupupapattibhavabhedato, catubbidham catuaharabhedato, pancavidham pancupadanakkhandhabhedato. Samudayopi ekavidho pavattakabhavato, duvidho ditthisampayuttasampayuttato, tividho kamabhavavibhavatanhabhedato, catubbidho catumaggappaheyyato, pancavidho rupabhinandanadi- bhedato, chabbidho chatanhakayabhedato. Nirodhopi ekavidho asankhatadhatubhavato, pariyayato pana duvidho saupadisesaanupadisesato, tividho bhavattayavupasamato, catubbidho catumaggadhigamaniyato, pancavidho pancabhinandanavupasamato, chabbidho chatanhakayakkhaya- bhedato. Maggopi ekavidho bhavetabbato, duvidho samathavipassanabhedato, @Footnote: 1 sam.maha. 19/1115/349--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page216.
Dassanabhavanabhedato va, tividho khandhattayabhedato. Ayam hi sappadesatta nagaram viya rajjena nippadesehi tihi khandhehi sangahito. Yathaha:- "na kho avuso visakha ariyena atthangikena maggena tayo khandha sangahita, tihi ca kho avuso visakha khandhehi ariyo atthangiko maggo sangahito. Ya cavuso visakha sammavaca, yo ca sammakammanto, yo ca sammaajivo, ime dhamma silakkhandhe sangahita. Yo ca sammavayamo, ya ca sammasati, yo ca sammasamadhi, ime dhamma samadhikkhandhe sangahita. Ya ca sammaditthi yo ca sammasankappo, ime dhamma pannakkhandhe sangahita"ti. 1- Catubbidho sotapattimaggadivasena. Apica sabbaneva saccani ekavidhani avitathatta, abhinneyyatta va, duvidhani lokiyalokuttarato, sankhatasankhatato va. Tividhani dassanabhavanahi pahatabbato appahatabbato nevapahatabbanapahatabbato ca. Catubbidhani parinneyyapahatabbasacchikatabbabhavetabbatoti. Evam ariyasaccanam dubbodhanam budho vidhim anekabhedato janna hitaya ca sukhaya cati. Saccapakinnakavannana nitthita. ----------- @Footnote: 1 Ma.mu. 12/462/412--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page217.
Idani dhammasenapati bhagavata desitakkameneva ante saccacatukkam niddisitva "tam natatthena nanan"tiadina saccacatukkavasena sutamaye nanam nigametva dasseti, evam "sotavadhane panna sutamaye nanan"ti pubbe vuttam sabbam nigametva dassetiti. Saddhammappakasiniya patisambhidamaggatthakathaya sutamayanananiddesavannana nitthita. --------------The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 47 page 174-217. http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=47&A=3890&modeTY=2&pagebreak=1 อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=47&A=3890&modeTY=2&pagebreak=1 อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=31&i=85 เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=31&A=906 พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=31&A=1153 The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=31&A=1153 Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 31 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_31
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